INTERNET OF

THINGS IN
SUPPLYCHAIN
POOJITA MELMALGI (@03661921)

DHRUVA SRINATH (@03725559)

NISCHITHA GANGADHARA (@03725478)

VINOD KUMAR KOTAPATI (@03708408)

 KEYWORDS
• Supply chain and logistics.
• Blockchain.
• RFID – Radio Frequency Identification.
• Sensors.
• Gateway.
• ipv6
• Scalability.
• Security & Privacy.
 ABSTRACT
• How internet of things is set to revolutionize the supply chain with
both operational efficiencies and revenue opportunities?
• What are the impacts and opportunities of internet of things in
supply chain and logistics?
• What are the threats of IOT and how these threats are overcome?
 INTRODUCTION
• What is Internet of Things?
Internet of things is a network of devices that are embedded with sensors, connected to the
internet , and objects on a network which can collect data and exchange data.
Here network of devices includes vehicles, home appliances and gadgets that have a
constant network of connectivity for interaction.
IOT brings together data, people, process, and things to make integrated connections more
relevant valuable. Sensors, small Bluetooth enabled devices open up an endless set of
possibilities of richer, personalized experiences. In other words IOT makes life simple.
 ANALYSIS

• Basic components that make an item or device part of IOT are:

• Sensors: Needed to track and measure activity.
• Constant Internet Connectivity including Gateway, Cloud and
DBMS.
• Processors to provide computing power.
• Automation.
• Development.
 COMPONENTS OF IOT
Feeling Things(sensors) :
Tagging Things (RFID):

Temperature sensors Humidity sensors Proximity Sensors

Motion sensor

Sensors act as primary devices to collect data

from the environment.
Real-time item traceability and
addressability by RFIDS.
COMPONENTS OF IOT
Cloud:
• Internet of things creates massive data which has to be managed in an
efficient way.
• IoT cloud offers tools to collect, process, manage and store huge
amount of data in real time.
• Cloud system provides data storage and predictive analytics.
• Industries and services can easily access these data remotely and
make critical decisions when necessary.

User interface:
• tangible part of the IoT system which can be accessible by
users.
• Designers will have to make sure user interface is user
friendly.
COMPONENTS OF IOT

Gateway:
• Gateways can be configured to perform pre-processing of
the collected data.
• It offers certain level of security
• Acts as a middle layer.

Connectivity:
• Connectivity is required for exchange of data between the
objects in the network of IoT that are local as well as remote.
• Connectivity can be over Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Z-wave, etc.
 Impact of IPV6
Security:
• IPv6 can run end-to-end encryption.
• While this technology was retrofitted into IPv4,
it remains an extra option that is not universally
used.
• The encryption and integrity-checking used in
current virtual private networks (VPNs) are a
standard component in IPv6,
• Widespread adoption of IPv6 MAKE “man-in-
the-middle” attacks significantly more difficult.
 Impact of IPV6

Scalability-
• 25 billion “things” will be connected to the internet by the year 2020.
• Given these numbers, it’s easy to understand why IPv6 (and its trillions upon trillions
of new addresses) are important for IoT devices.
• IoT products will have a unique identifier available for their devices for a long, long
time.
 Impacts of IPV6
Connectivity-
• Allowing network-connected devices to “speak” to
each other is vital.
• With IPv4, there were quite a few issues with
allowing IoT products to speak with one another.
• Network Address Translation (NAT) posed one of
these major issues.
• Not only does this pose a security issue but it also
poses a difficult issue for IoT products.
• IPv6 allows IoT products to be uniquely addressable
without having to work around all of the traditional
NAT and firewall issues.
 IoT and its Cloud (for manufacturing)
• The cloud can be seen as a controller of and resource provider of IoT
• Some offerings-
sensors as service
sensor processing as service
social sensors for “crowdsourcing” intelligence
• Manufacturing leveraging at the same time IoT and the Cloud may: Improve
Interoperability between entities
• Realize the vision of a fully connected and monitored Supply Chain
• Conduct Effort Intense operations (analytics, etc.)
Offer Innovative Business Models such as Pay as you Go, Leasing, etc.
Combine data and information from external sources
 APPLICATIONS OF IOT

• Consumer Application – Smart Home & Elder Care.

• Commercial Application – Healthcare, Transportation

& Building/ Home Automation.

• Industrial Application – Manufacturing &

Agriculture.

• Infrastructure Applications – Energy Management &

Environmental Monitoring.
 IoT and BlockChain
• Asset monitoring, fleet monitoring, worker safety monitoring, and manufacturing
production monitoring are among the most common use cases for IoT today.
• Blockchain is a peer-to-peer distributed ledger that offers an immutable, validated,
confidential, and common version-of-truth for the participants in a given blockchain
network.
• Supply chains use permissioned blockchain, as they offer greater granularity in
confidentiality, privacy and security that businesses need.
• This type of tracking and transparency also helps with what-if and root-cause analyses to
optimize manufacturing processes, improve yields, and even preempt recalls.
• Blockchain facilitate and simplify such cross-organizational sharing and verification of
information.
 Why has IoT become more popular and
widespread in use across the supply chain?
• As broadband Internet has become more widely available and
affordable, the cost of connecting to the Internet has decreased.
• Technology costs have gone down over the past few years and IoT
devices have become more accepted and affordable.
• Having access to real time data from IoT can help to identify potential
risks in the supply chain, provide real time traceability and enable
notification when shipments will be late due to weather and other
delays.
 VIDEO OF THE PRESENTATION
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SkIZ51IXbaE
 Here are some reasons for the use of IoT in supply
chain operations:

Enables performance Improves forecasting Enables better track and Streamline co ordination
measurement and monitoring to accuracy. trace of inventory. between warehouse and
avoid errors and malfunctions. logistics.

Ideal for assets management Can provide direction to

Helps prevent loss and
such as fleet of trucks and drivers regarding
damage of goods.
service vehicles. conditions and trailer
delivery times.

Able to integrate forecast
weather changes with route
schedules to enable better
delivery decisions.
Provide real time data to
provide insight to support
strategic and tactical decisions.
Prevents spoilage and wastage
Can provide precise location of
by monitoring the date to
an item, reducing the time it
expiration on each good.
takes to find in inventory.
Aids in creation of error-free
processes.
 DISADVANTAGES OF IOT
• Unemployment.
• Privacy and Security.
• Complexity.
• Compatibility.
• Safety.
 RESULTS
• Better Maintenance Practices.
• Accurate Asset Tracking.
• Improved Inventory Practices.
• Transparent Marketing.
• Reduced costs.
• Better transparency.
• Improved customer relations.
 CONCLUSION
• It is concluded that management of the supply chains in various industries has developed
significantly from earlier manual, laborious and risk prone operations to real time, automatic
and risk free operations to a large extent. The advent of IoT and its applications in to supply
chain management has developed to an extent which has not only helped tracking and of
goods in transit but has impacted the efficient management of inventories and reducing losses
of supply chains. This has resulted in large scale economic benefits to the companies and has
helped in expanding supply chain operations over large geographies. Beginning from simple
goods identification devices to complex network of physical devices operating in a
coordinated manner, the application of IoT has granted greater visibility in manufacturing of
goods as well as the supply chains to deliver the finished goods till end user.
• Benefits of incorporating IoT are not only for better management information in production,
but also for other aspects of the production system such as improving efficiency.
 FUTURE ISSUES
• Lack of visibility of assets.
• Inefficient handling of stock.
• Transportation or logistic mismanagement.
• Improper handling of data.
• Ineffective Supply Chain risk management.
• Requires additional costs and investments.
 RECOMMENDATION
• Manage Security at every level of IoT.
• Protect the identity of objects and users.
• Eliminate the use if Passwords.
• Implementing multi factor authentication.
• Outsourcing logistics to companies that have experience in the same.
• Recycling IOT devices for a better future.
• Stressing on constant creativity and innovation.
 REFERENCES
1. Behmann, F. (2015). collaborative internet of things. Kwok Wu.
2. Papert, M., & Pflaum, A. (2017). Development of an Ecosystem Model for the Realization of Internet of
Things (IoT) Services in Supply Chain Management
3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360835218305709
4. https://www.mscdirect.com/betterMRO/metalworking/how-cloud-computing-changing-
manufacturing.html
5. https://www.itbusinessedge.com/slideshows/5-recommendations-to-secure-the-internet-of-things-
08.html
6. https://dzone.com/articles/pros-and-cons-of-implementing-iot-in-supply-chain
7. https://www.sas.com/en_us/insights/articles/big-data/iot-challenges-in-the-connected-supply-chain.html
8. https://www.cmswire.com/cms/internet-of-things/7-big-problems-with-the-internet-of-things-
024571.php