JOCELYN G.

TAMARES
Teacher I
 Let¶s
EXPLORE!!!!
 ACTIVITY 1.
TRANSLATING TO SYMBOLS
Look at the words below. Think of ways to represent them
into symbols that convey the same meaning. Draw your
symbols on the box.
LOVE

HAPPINESS

SPEED

DANGER

DIRECTION
 ACTIVITY 2.
SIGNS.......

1. What does each sign represent?

2. How do these signs help in avoiding accidents?
 ACTIVITY 3.
Winona was 24 when her son Anton was born.
_ 1. Fill in the table below.
_ Anton¶s age 1 4 7 12 18 25
_ Calculation 1+24 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
_ Winona¶s Age 25 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
_ 2. Explain in words how to find Winona¶s age if you know
Anton¶s age.
_ 3. Write a mathematical sentence for Winona¶s age.
_ 4. If you let the variable a stands for Anton¶s age in years,
write an expression for Winona¶s age in terms of a.
 ALGEBRA
What is algebra?
_ Is defined as a branch of
mathematics which symbols,
usually letters of the alphabet,
are used to represent unknown
numbers and in doing so
generalize the facts in
arithmetic.
_ 1. NUMERALS
_ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
_ 2. SYMBOLS OR SIGNS
_ A . SYMBOLS OF RELATIONSHIP
_ = equals, is equal to, is
_ > is greater than, is more than
_ < is less than
_  is not equal to
_ • is greater than or equal to
_ ” is less than or equal to
 _ B. OPERATIONAL SYMBOLS
|
| 
 

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 Added to, the sum of, increase by, plus, total of,
more than
Minus, decreased by, subtracted to, subtracted
 from, reduced by, diminished by, less than, less,
remainder of , difference of, take away
 Times, multiplied by, the product of, of

 Quotient of, divided by, ratio of, over

2 The square of x, x squared, the second power of

ð x, x to the second power
Square root of
_ C. SYMBOLS OF GROUPING
_ Parenthesis ( )
_ Brackets [ ]
_ Braces { }
_ Bar 
_ 3. LETTERS OR VARIABLES TO
REPRESENT UNKNOWN NUMBERS
_ Ø, x ,y, z ,a, b, ż, Ƒ
K is a single or a K is any symbol for anumber
combination of which may consist of a
mathematical operations, single number with or
symbols, variables and without operation symbols,
constants which represent or of two or more numbers
a number with operation and grouping
K Examples: symbols.
4
7 r 3r È 2 r
3
2

3 2
„ K Examples:
3 2 3
2_8 100 10
2
„ 2ë È1 (1ð2) _ (6 3) 345
CONSTANT
š is a fixed quantity or one that does not
change its value in relation to variables
š is a value or quantity which never change
regardless of the condition of the problem.
VARIABLE
š is a symbol (blank, box, letter) which may take
one or more than one values from a given set
of allowable values called à

„  ë or
domain.
š is a value or quantity which changes
depending upon the condition of the problem
š 10a + b
š ` ß constant
š
and ß variables
š 3x ß 5
š 3 and 5 ß constants
š x - variable
š P = 4s
š 4 ß constant
š P and s - variables
 TERM
_ is a part of an algebraic expression
separated by plus or minus sign
NUMERICAL COEFFICIENT
_ is a constant which determines the number
of times a variable is to be multiplied
_ is the numerical factor in a term
LITERAL COEFFICIENT
_ Are the variables, the letter coefficients or
the unknown quantities
BASE
_ Is the repeated factor in a product

EXPONENT
_ Is a number written at the upper right hand of
a symbol to indicate the number of times that
symbol is used as a factor.
 EXAMPLES:
2 3 is the numerical coefficient
3ð
_
_ x is the base
_ 2 is the exponent
_ x2 is the literal coefficient
This means (3)(x)(x)
3
5
_2r _
_
5 and 2 are the numerical coefficient
y is the base
_ 3 is the exponent
_ a and y3 are the literal coefficient
This means (5)(a) + (2)(y)(y)(y)
 TYPES OF ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION
ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF TERMS
_ MONOMIAL
_ Is an algebraic expression consisting of one term.
_ 30x; - 10xyz; 2(x+y)
_ BINOMIAL
_ Is an algebraic expression consisting of two terms
_ 30x ß 10xyz; - 12n+83ab2c
_ TRINOMIAL
_ Is an algebraic expression consisting of three terms
_ 30x ß 10xyz +4xy; 12n3 + 4mn - 15
_ POLYNOMIAL/MULTINOMIAL
_ Is an algebraic expression consisting of two or more terms
_ 5y3 -2y2 +y -5; 3m5n3 -3abc +4p2q ß 8y +6
FIRM - UP
 ACTIVITY 1.
GUESSING GAME
Give the possible value/s of the variables in
each of the following conditions.
1. 0
1. a is the sum of two opposite integers
2. 1
2. x is the lowest prime number
3. 24
3. Y is the multiple of 4, 8, and 24
4. 1,
4. M is the greatest common factor of 120, 2,3,4
15 and 60 ,5,6,
5. N is a whole number and is less than 10 7,8,9
5. 15
6. p is the sum of the first 2 consecutive odd 6. 6
numbers 7. -4,-3,-2,-
7. d is an integer between 5 and -5 1, 0, 1, 2,
8. b is an odd number between 1 and 10 3, 4
9. k is a counting number between 0 and 9 8. 3,5,7,9
10. z is a multiple of 12 greater than 20 but less 9. 1,«..8
than 50 10. 24,36,48
11. x is the product of ß 8 and +8 11. -64
12. y is the whole number between -1 and 1 12. 0
13. c is the number of square roots of the perfect 13. 4
square between 10 and 30 14. 5
14. x is the number of the absolute values of ß 5 15. 0,2,4,6,8
and + 5
15. n is an even number less than 10.
|

 þ

 

 
_ x + 2y = 10 _ 6y
_ 9 + 3 = 6x2 _ 4x ß 5
_ 105 - 12 + 13 _ ( 5 ·4) ß 5
_ y < 15 _ A = ½bh
_ 12 ÷ 3 + 6 _ 40 ß 15 ÷ 3
_ 3x + 18 -2+6
_ 23 +5 = 15 ß 2 _ 5x ß xy
_ 2m + 3n _ (4 +10) ß 3(2)(a)
Õ
 

Õ 
Õ
105 - 12 + 13
12 ÷ 3 + 6 9 + 3 = 6x2
x 
+ 2y = 10
23
+5 = 15 ß 2 ( 5 ·4) ß 5
y < 15 3x + 18

2m + 3n (4 +10)
6y ß 3(2)(a)
40 ß 15 ÷ 3 

-2+6 
4x ß 5 A 5x
= ½bh
ß xy
DEEPEN
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K 4 . 2xyy K 11. (2a+c)(2a+c)(2a+c)
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K 6. 14pppq fff
K 7. (3n)(3n) K 13. yyz ß aa +def
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K 15. a + cdd ß b(bd)
bb
K 16. (b ß c )(b ß c)
K 17. 3mmd + 2mn + pppq
K 18. 2(a + 3)(a + 3)(a + 3)
(a + b)(a + b)
K 19. ab + bc + cd
K 20. 3(x + 1)(x + 1)(x + 1)(x + 1)
(7 ß x )( 7 ß x )( 7 ß x )
 |

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1. a 7 ______ i 2 3
i 6.11a b ______
i 2. x3y4 ______ i 4
7.12x + 3 ______
i 3. 7a2b ______ i 8. (gt)4 ______
2
4. 4 x 3 ______ i 4
i 9. 5a + b ______
i 5. ( 7m) 2 ______ i 10.4x3+y4______
TRANSFER
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Classify each expression as monomial, binomial, or
trinomial.

_ $#,
_ #)
_ ''#),
_ $)')
_ "3#,
_ .$#','1$
_ 0# )'#)0
_ 20#,' )#, + #',
_ 3""
_ /*# ),-
_ /# )"#)3
_ 2#' )$
_ '.'7
_ $'
_ "!.# ! 3#! /
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9(,7 
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1 2 3 4

5 6 7

8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15

16 17

18 19
 | !""#
_ 1.) —4 —3
2 2

È —5 2 È —3 2 È —2 3  3
2
_ 4.) 10 È1
 6 2 2
  3 3

_ 6.) —5 2
—7 
5
2


 2



   3 
_ 8.) 7 — È 16 7 È —2 3 È —8 —5 
_ 10.) —3 —10 2 2 —3 4
_ 12.) —È 5 —È 5 —4 —3 1
_ 14.) 2 —6 13 3 —6 11 11 —9 È 6
_ 16.) — 16 — 100 —32 42 5
_ 18.)
1
3
— 2 7 3
_ 19.) 3 3
— 3 3
—
3 2
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_ 2. 12—È18 _ 4 _ 26 _ 3—9 È12 _ 3

_ 3. 3 2 2 3

_ 4. 6 5  2
È 3 —5 6 2
È 7 —3 _ 3
_ 5. —1 _ 2 _3 —1 È2 _3
2 2 2 2 3 2
È4
_ 7.
1
2
—È 3 2
_ 52 _ 42 È 2 
_ 9. —2 —5 —2 —3 —11
_ 11. —3 —2 2
—2 4
_4
_ 12. —3 —10 —È 1 2

_ 13. 7 2 204

96 34
_ 14. 143
2
_ 15. 2
9 13
_ 17. 4 2
2