LTE Network Tuning For CMPak

LTE Network Tuning
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Objectives
 Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Describe the basic process of LTE network tuning
 Understand the different steps in the process of LTE network

tuning
 Understand the coverage problem analysis and handover

problem analysis during LTE network tuning
Copyright © 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1
Contents
1. Basic Process of LTE Network Tuning
2. Test Preparations for LTE Network Tuning
3. Data Collection for LTE Network Tuning
4. Coverage Problem Analysis
5. Handover Problem Analysis
Basic Process of Network Optimization
Single site verification The main target of network tuning is to

ensure the coverage, control interference
and clear basic handover problems.
Network Tuning The main target of this step is to

further optimize network
performance and to do special
optimization.
Network parameters optimization
No
Whether the optimization target is met?
Yes
End
The Basic Process of Network Tuning
Test preparations:
Set optimization targets
Partition of clusters
Determine test routes
Prepare tools and materials for test
Data collection:
Adjustment
Drive test
Engineering parameter adjustment
Indoor measurement
Neighboring cell parameter adjustment
eNodeB configuration data
No Problem analysis:
Do the RF KPIs meet the KPI target? coverage problem analysis
handover problem analysis
Yes
End
Contents
Test Preparations: Set Optimization Target
 Coverage is the most important requirement of network tuning.

The following is a example of coverage target:
Acceptance
Reference Value Remarks
Content
≥ 95% (urban
area)
This is the result of a scanner test conducted
RSRP ≥ –110 without outdoor load in the planned coverage
dBm areas. The test routes are of grid structure,
≥ 90% (suburb) covering all cells.
This is the result of a UE test conducted

without outdoor load in the planned coverage
SINR ≥ 5 dB ≥ 95%
areas. The test routes are of grid structure,
covering all cells.
Some Other KPI for Drive Test
 For some network tuning projects, maybe some other KPIs are
more needed than coverage KPI. The following are some
examples:
LTE/SAE Attach success rate
E-RAB setup success rate
Call drop rate
Intra-LTE handover success rate
intra-LTE handover delay
FTP download average throughput
FTP upload average throughput
Test Preparation: Partition of Cluster
 Network tuning is performed in a group/cluster of eNodeBs, rather
than for each single eNodeB separately.
 Some considerations for cluster division:

 Terrain
 Traffic
 Route line
 … 06
05
02
• 01 is a highway coverage area. 01 04 07
• 03 and 04 are dense urban 08
03
areas.
• 02, 05, 06 and 07 are ordinary
urban areas.
• 08 is a suburban area.
• Each cluster includes 18 to 22
eNodeB.
An example of cluster division
Test Preparations: Determine Test Routes
 Some considerations of
test route plan:
 Cover main streets and
important places
 Cover all cells if possible
 Cover the borders of

neighboring clusters
 …
Test routes of a cluster of a project
Test Preparations: Preparing Tools and
Materials
Recommended Recommended Materials:

software: hardware: • Engineering
• GENEX probe • Frequency scanner parameters
• GENEX assistant • GPS • Mapinfo map
• Map info • Test terminal • Network
• Google earth • Laptop configuration
•… •… parameters
•…
Contents
Data collection
 Before network tuning:
 Collecting planned neighboring cell data and the data
configured in eNodeB
 Checking the consistency between the current configured data

and the planned data
 Drive test result

 The result of outdoor/indoor drive test should be saved for
analysis
Contents
Overview of Coverage Analysis
 Coverage problem analysis is a key task of RF optimization,

which focuses on signal distribution.
 The following are some typical coverage problems:
weak cross Lack of

coverage coverage dominant cell
Overview of Coverage Analysis (cont.)
 Weak coverage means the RSRP of the reference signal in a

coverage is smaller than a threshold (The typical threshold is -
110dBm).
 Cross coverage generally means that the coverage area of an

eNodeB goes beyond the planned scope, and generates
discontinuous dominant areas in the coverage areas of other
eNodeBs.
 Lack of dominant cell means a type of area where there is no

dominant cell or the dominant cell is changed frequently.
Factors Affecting Coverage
For downlink: For uplink:

• Downlink Tx power • Uplink Tx power
• Path loss in downlink • Path loss in uplink
• Carrier frequency • Carrier frequency
• Distance between UE • Distance between UE
receiver and eNodeB transmitter and eNodeB
transmitter receiver
• Propagation environment • Propagation environment
• Antenna gain • Gain of Rx diversity in
• Height of antenna eNodeB
• Tilt of antenna
• Azimuth of antenna
Solutions for Weak Coverage
 Optimize coverage by adjusting the azimuth and tilt of the

antenna, increasing the height of the antenna, and using an
antenna with higher gain. The preferential measure is
electrical tilt, followed by mechanical adjustment tilt, and
then adjustment of azimuth.
Solutions for Weak Coverage (cont.)
 For the non-overlapped parts of the coverage areas of two

adjacent eNodeBs, if they have plenty of users or are large
in size, a new eNodeB should be built or the coverage of
adjacent eNodeBs should be enlarged, so as to deepen the
overlaps of the coverage of the two eNodeBs. Meanwhile,
attention should be paid to intra-frequency interference as a
possible result of increase of coverage scope.
Solutions for Weak Coverage (cont.)
 For a weak coverage area caused by a hollow and back of a

hill, the coverage scope can be extended with a new
eNodeB or RRU.
 For a dead zone inside an elevator shaft, tunnel,

underground garage or basement, and high building, the
methods include use of RRU, indoor distribution systems,
leakage cables, and directional antennas.
Solutions for Cross Coverage
 For cross coverage, try to prevent an antenna from

transmitting signal right towards a road, or use the adjacent
buildings to produce a blocking effect to decrease cross
coverage.
 For a high eNodeB, changing its address is an effective

method. Generally, however, it is always very difficult to find
a suitable substitute for new site. So adjusting the pilot
power or using an electrical tilt antenna to reduce the
eNodeB coverage scope is a possible solution.
Solutions for Lack of Dominant Cell
 For an area without a dominant cell, a typical method is to

strengthen the coverage of a cell with strong signal (or a
short-distance cell) and weaken the coverage of other cells
with weak signal (or long-distance cells) by adjusting the
antenna tilt and azimuth.
Coverage Analysis Process
 Normally coverage analysis process includes downlink

coverage analysis and uplink coverage analysis.
Downlink coverage analysis: Uplink coverage analysis:

RSRP UE Tx Power
RSRP for Downlink Coverage Analysis
 Downlink coverage analysis is to analyze the RSRP.
 The RSRP quality standard must be combined with the

optimization standard. The following is a example of the
optimization standard of RS RSRP:
Result of test by using scanner, with the
RSRP >= –110 dBm >= 95%
UE antenna placed outdoor.
 The corresponding quality standards can be defined as:

 Good: RSRP ≥ –90 dBm
 Fair: –110 dBm ≤ RSRP < –90 dBm
 Poor: RSRP < –110 dBm
Basic Process of Downlink Coverage
Analysis
RS Coverage Strength Analysis

• Check the RSRP distribution and find the weak
coverage areas
Dominant Cell Analysis

• Check PCI (physical cell identifier) information and
find the areas where the best PCI changes frequently
An Example of RS Coverage Strength
Analysis
Area with poor

coverage
An Example of Dominant Cell Analysis
PCI of the best cell changes frequently

because of lack of dominant cell
Lack of a dominant cell
UE Tx Power for Uplink Coverage
Analysis
 The main method of uplink coverage analysis is the analyze
the distribution of UE transmission power.
 UE Transmission power can reflect the uplink path loss

and uplink interference.
 The UE Tx power is lower than 10dBm if the uplink coverage is
good.
An Example of UE Tx Power Distribution
Areas where UE
Tx power is high
Case 1(Overshooting): Symptom
Legend--PCI
 288
Over coverage by
 144
cell with PCI 288
 432
 365
 364
 33
 145
 192
Case 1(Overshooting): Analysis
 As shown in Figure, the most possible reason for this over

coverage is either excessive height of the antenna or
improper setting of the antenna tilt.
 In this case a check of the current engineering parameter

settings shows that the tilt is too small. It is recommended to
increase the tilt.
Case 1(Overshooting): Analysis
 Adjust the tilt of cell with PCI 288 from 3 degree to 6 degree
 The result after adjustment

The problem of over
coverage by cell with PCI
288 solved after
adjustment.
Case 2(Wrong Connection of Antenna):
Symptom
The coverage of the three cells

does not match the configuration.
Case 2(Wrong Connection of Antenna):
Analysis
 In this case, the antenna connection for the three cells is

wrong. The antenna for cell9 is connected to cell10. The
antenna for cell10 is connected to cell11. The antenna for
cell11 is connected to cell9.
The problem is solved after

changing the antenna connection.
Case 3(Cross Coverage): Symptom
 During a cluster drive test, there have frequently handover

happened in the corner area.
Case 3(Cross Coverage): Analysis
 There are the current contents of MR.
Case 3(Cross Coverage): Analysis
 The Conner is cross covered by 4 cells, in addition, PCI 56
cell and PCI 8 cell have Mode3 interference
Case 3(Cross Coverage): Adjustment
 Exchange the PCI value of cell 8 and cell 6 to avoid the

interference.
 Reduce the value of CellIndividualOffset from cell 56 to

cell 8 ,then handover can be decreased.
 Increase the value of IntraFreqHoA3TimeToTrig between

cell 56 and original cell 8 to avoid Ping-Pong handover
Contents
Main Handover Problems During Network
Tuning
 During network tuning, there are two main problems which
make handover much more difficult
Channel quality Neighboring relation

problem problem
Channel Quality Problem
 Under multi-user or loading test scenario, the interference is

more serious; poor channel quality leads to signaling lost
and handover failure.
 Channel quality can be divided into UL and DL for analysis.
Uplink and downlink channel

Uplink channel problems are related. Downlink channel
problem problem
Typical Parameters for Channel Quality
RSRP
• RSRP is the basic requirement for downlink signal coverage.
SINR
• SINR indicates the downlink channel quality.
IBLER
• IBLER indicates the data block error ratio.
PDCCH DL/UL Grant

• PDCCH DL/UL grant indicates the scheduling result which is
affected by channel quality.
Neighboring Relation Problem
 During network tuning the basic problem of neighboring

relation is missing neighboring cells.
 Because of configuration mistakes maybe some neighboring
cells are missed. It can result in call drop.
 ANR (automatic neighbor relation) can help to solve this

problem.
Case 1(Interference): Symptom
 During the test, the handover from cell with PCI 281 to cell
with PCI 279 fails.
The handover failure

area is covered by the
cells with PCI 281, PCI
279 and PCI 178,
Case 1(Interference): Analysis
 In this case, the interference from the cell with PCI 178 is
too strong. So the UE can not receive the handover
command correctly, then handover failed.
Strong interference from

the cell with PCI 178
causes handover failure.
Note: the arrows in this figure indicate the coverage of cells.
Case 1(Interference): Adjustment
 In this case, to control the interference from the cell with PCI
178, we can increase the antenna tilt of the cell with PCI
178. Then in the handover area the signal strength from the
cell with PCI 178 is reduced.
The adjustment reduces the signal strength of

the cell with PCI 178, so the strong
interference disappear and problem is solved.
Case 2(Bad DL Channel Quality): Symptom
 Handover fails and call drop happens. The following is the

signaling trace result in eNodeB side.
eNodeB received
measurement report.
eNodeB sent handover

command.
Uu signaling in eNodeB side
eNodeB sent handover request

to the target eNodeB.
X2 signaling in eNodeB side
Case 2(Bad DL Channel Quality): Symptom
(cont.)
 The signaling trace result in UE side.
UE sent measurement
reports to eNodeB. UE
didn’t receive handover
command.
UE performs RRC
connection reestablishment
procedure.
Case 2(Bad DL Channel Quality): Analysis
 The complete handover procedure through X2 interface:
Source Target
UE MME
eNodeB eNodeB
Measurement Report
Handover Request
eNodeB sent this
HandoverRequest
signaling, but UE
RRC Connection Ack
didn’t receive it. Reconfiguration
SN StatusTransfer
DataForwarding
RRC Connection Reconfiguration
Complete Path Switch
Request
Path Switch
Request Ack
UE Context
Release
EndMarker
(cont.)
 What is the possible reason for handover failure?
 Is it because of missing neighboring cell?
 No. eNodeB sent RRC CONNECTION
RECONFIGURATION(handover command) to the UE. It means
the neighboring cell is configured, not missing.
 From the signaling trace result we can see eNodeB sent

handover command to the UE but UE didn’t receive it. Is it
because of bad channel quality?
(cont.)
 Check the RSRP in serving cell and target cell. The following is
the result:
Target cell RSRP
Serving cell RSRP
(cont.)
 In this case the downlink channel quality in serving cell
decreased too fast. So the handover procedure can not be
completed in time.
 If the handover can be triggered earlier. Maybe the

problem can be solved.
Case 2(Bad DL Channel Quality): A3
Event for Intra-frequency Handover
 A3 event is used to trigger intra-frequency handover. To trigger
handover earlier, some parameters in A3 event can be modified.
 For A3 event:
 Entering condition: Mn + Ofn
+ Ocn – Hys > Ms + Ofs +
Ocs + Off
 Leaving condition: Mn + Ofn

+ Ocn + Hys < Ms + Ofs +
Ocs + Off
Case 2(Bad DL Channel Quality):
Adjustment
 Two parameters in A3 event can be modified to trigger
handover earlier:
 1. Modify the intra-frequency handover offset(Off).
 A smaller value of the intra-frequency handover offset results in a
earlier handover. This method will affect handover between the
serving cell and all the neighboring cells. So it is not good.
 2. Modify the cell individual offset(Ocn) between the

serving cell and the target cell.
 Decrease the Ocn results in a earlier handover between the
serving cell and the dedicated neighboring cell. Try this method
and the problem is solved.
Case 3(PCI Conflict): Symptom
 During the driving test, there have several times handover

failure and then leading a call drop:
Case 3(PCI Conflict): Analysis
 Querying the alerting of the relative eNodeBs, there is no

any alerting with handover failure
 Check the signaling as follows:
 According to the signaling, the UE performs handover and

then response RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete
information to finish handover. But after handover is finished,
the UE call drop and made a synchronization with the
source cell again
 Checking the cells configuration as follows:
 Here is the PCI distribution diagram. Checking the source

cell’s neighbor cell configuration, there have two same PCIs
to make a conflict, then causing the UE change to a wrong
cell and make a call drop
Case 3(PCI Conflict): Adjustment
 Delete the repeated PCI of the outside neighbor cells from

the source cell. After the error configuration is clear ,so the
handover performs well
Summary
 In this course, we have learned:
 Basic Process of LTE Network Tuning
 Test Preparations for LTE Network Tuning
 Data Collection for LTE Network Tuning
 Coverage Problem Analysis
 Handover Problem Analysis
Thank you
www.huawei.com

LTE Network Tuning For CMPak

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

LTE Network Tuning For CMPak

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

LTE Network Tuning

Copyright © 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Understand the different steps in the process of LTE network

 Understand the coverage problem analysis and handover

2. Test Preparations for LTE Network Tuning

3. Data Collection for LTE Network Tuning

4. Coverage Problem Analysis

5. Handover Problem Analysis

Single site verification The main target of network tuning is to

Network Tuning The main target of this step is to

2. Test Preparations for LTE Network Tuning

3. Data Collection for LTE Network Tuning

4. Coverage Problem Analysis

5. Handover Problem Analysis

 Coverage is the most important requirement of network tuning.

This is the result of a UE test conducted

LTE/SAE Attach success rate

E-RAB setup success rate

Call drop rate

Intra-LTE handover success rate

intra-LTE handover delay

FTP download average throughput

FTP upload average throughput

 Some considerations for cluster division:

 Cover all cells if possible

 Cover the borders of

Test routes of a cluster of a project

Recommended Recommended Materials:

2. Test Preparations for LTE Network Tuning

3. Data Collection for LTE Network Tuning

4. Coverage Problem Analysis

5. Handover Problem Analysis

 Checking the consistency between the current configured data

 Drive test result

2. Test Preparations for LTE Network Tuning

3. Data Collection for LTE Network Tuning

4. Coverage Problem Analysis

5. Handover Problem Analysis

 Coverage problem analysis is a key task of RF optimization,

 The following are some typical coverage problems:

weak cross Lack of

 Weak coverage means the RSRP of the reference signal in a

 Cross coverage generally means that the coverage area of an

 Lack of dominant cell means a type of area where there is no

For downlink: For uplink:

 Optimize coverage by adjusting the azimuth and tilt of the

 For the non-overlapped parts of the coverage areas of two

 For a weak coverage area caused by a hollow and back of a

 For a dead zone inside an elevator shaft, tunnel,

 For cross coverage, try to prevent an antenna from

 For a high eNodeB, changing its address is an effective

 For an area without a dominant cell, a typical method is to

 Normally coverage analysis process includes downlink

Downlink coverage analysis: Uplink coverage analysis:

 Downlink coverage analysis is to analyze the RSRP.

 The RSRP quality standard must be combined with the

 The corresponding quality standards can be defined as:

 Fair: –110 dBm ≤ RSRP < –90 dBm

 Poor: RSRP < –110 dBm

RS Coverage Strength Analysis

Dominant Cell Analysis

Area with poor

PCI of the best cell changes frequently