STORM

DRAINAGE
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SYSTEM

PREPARED BY: CARINO, SHANICA R.

FRANCES ANN GARCIA

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WHAT IS STORM DRAINAGE
SYSTEM?
- IT`S A NETWORK OF STRUCTURES, CHANNELS AND
UNDERGROUND PIPES THAT CARRY STORM WATER (RAIN WATER)
TO PONDS, LAKES, STREAMS AND RIVERS.

THE NETWORK CONSISTS OF BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SYSTEMS.

- IT`S AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM IN THE COUNTY THAT IS DESIGNED TO CONTROL THE
QUANTITY, QUALITY, TIMING AND DISTRIBUTION OF STORM RUNOFF.

- IT IS NOT A PART OF THE WASTEWATER (SANITARY SEWER)

SYSTEM, WHICH CARRIES WATER AND WASTE FROM DRAINS (SINKS,
BATHTUBS, SHOWERS, ETC.) AND TOILETS TO TREATMENT PLANT TO
BE TREATED AND FILTERED. STORM WATER DOES NOT FLOW TO A
TREATMENT PLANT.
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WHERE CAN WE SEE THE PUBLIC
SYSTEM?
WE CAN SEE THE ABOVE GROUND PARTS OF THE SYSTEM,
INCLUDING:

• ROADSIDE DITCHES

• ROADSIDE CURB INLETS

• YARD INLETS

• CHANNELS : GRASS, CONCRETE, STONE (RIP-RAP) AND SOME

ASPHALT

• PIPE OUTFALLS (PIPE OPENINGS)

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Rural Stormwater Management
CAUSES: HEAVY RAINFALLS, STORMS, ROADS, BUILDINGS,
OVERSTRAINED SEWER SYSTEMS
IMPACTS: FLOODING AND STREAM EROSION
BENEFIT OF FLOOD EVENTS AND PRECIPITATION: USE THIS
WATER FOR IRRIGATION
SOME AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES:

 SPATE IRRIGATION
 MICRO BASINS
 SAND DAMS
 FIELD TRENCHES
 RAINWATER HARVESTING
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THERE ARE SEVERAL TECHNIQUES TO MANAGE
SURFACE RUNOFF. THEY ARE DIVIDED IN TWO
GROUPS:

 Storage Type Devices

 Infiltration Type Devices

What technique is implemented

should be decided on local The sewer system cannot handle
the volume of runoff.
conditions and responsible planers.
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STORAGE TYPE DEVICES

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DETENTION PONDS
• EXCAVATED RESERVOIRS OR NATURAL DEPRESSIONS.
• DRY DURING LOW FLOW PERIODS -> TEMPORARY STORAGE DURING
FLOOD EVENTS
• STORMWATER SHOULD STORED LONG ENOUGH TO SETTLE SOLIDS

Extended
Detention Basin
Components.
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RETENTION PONDS
• PRIMARILY DESIGNED TO IMPROVE STORMWATER QUALITY.
• SECONDARY FOR FLOOD CONTROL DEVICES.
• RETENTION PONDS DO NOT DRY OUT, WATER STAYS BETWEEN
2 AND 4 WEEKS.
• WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT MAINLY THROUGH SETTLING.

A RETENTION POND WITH ADDITIONAL

AERATION, WHICH IMPROVES AQUATIC
LIFE AND POLLUTANT REMOVAL.
 z ONSITE DETENTION (OSD) )

• COLLECTING STORMWATER ON-SITE (E.G. ON A PRIVATE PROPERTY).

• STORING IT FOR A CERTAIN TIME AND RELEASE IT SLOWLY OR (RE-)USE
IT.
• USED IN URBAN AND RESIDENTIAL AREAS.

A POSSIBLE OSD DESIGN WITH

MODULAR TANK BOXES
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RAINWATER HARVESTING
• CAN BE USED IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS.
• REDUCING OF STORMWATER RUNOFF AND STORAGE OF POTABLE
WATER
• WATER CAN BE USED FOR IRRIGATION, AS FLUSH WATER FOR TOILETS
OR, AFTER PURIFICATION, AS DRINKING WATER.

ROOFTOP RAINWATER
HARVESTING IN URBAN AREAS
USING A PLASTIC TANK.
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GREEN ROOFS (LIVING ROOFS) (

• VEGETATED ROOFS ON FLAT OR SLOPED ROOFS.

• THEY IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY, REDUCE URBAN HEAT
EFFECT AND CREATE GREEN SPACES.
• REDUCING PEAK FLOW (STORING A CERTAIN VOLUME OF
RAINWATER)

GREEN ROOF IN BASEL,

SWITZERLAND
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CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS
• DESIGNED TO MANAGE PEAK FLOWS AND TO IMPROVE
WATER QUALITY OF SURFACE RUNOFF.
• RESTORING NATURAL HABITATS IN CITIES (RECREATION,
BIRDLIFE, ETC.).

A POSSIBLE DESIGN IS A
POND/WETLAND SYSTEM. FIRST POND
(LEFT) REDUCES VELOCITY AND
REMOVES POLLUTANTS. THE SHALLOW
MARSH SYSTEM STORES WATER AND IS
AN ADDITIONAL TREATMENT.
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INFILTRATION TYPE
DEVICES
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INFILTRATION TRENCHES
• SHALLOW EXCAVATIONS FILLED WITH UNIFORMLY CRUSHED STONES.

• WALLS AND TOP LINED WITH GEOTEXTILE TO AVOID SEDIMENT PENETRATION.

• RUNOFF INFILTRATES THROUGH THE TRENCHES INTO THE SUBSOIL.

• TREATMENT OCCURS DURING INFILTRATION.

• CONSTRUCTED BESIDE STREETS AND OUTDOOR PARKING LOTS.

DESIGN OF
INFILTRATION
TRENCHES
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GRASS FILTER STRIPES
• DENSELY VEGETATED AND GRADED AREAS.
• SLOWING RUNOFF VELOCITY, TRAPPING SEDIMENTS AND POLLUTANTS
AND PROVIDING MODEST INFILTRATION.

GRASS FILTER STRIPE IN COMBINATION WITH INFILTRATION TRENCHES (STONE DROP) AND
FOREST FILTER.
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GRASSED SWALES
• OPEN GRASSED CHANNELS, WHICH ALLOW AN INFILTRATION ALONG
THE COURSE.
• CHECK DAMS AND VEGETATION REDUCE VELOCITY, AND ALLOW
SEDIMENTATION, INFILTRATION, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND
CONTAMINANT REMOVAL.

ENHANCED GRASS
SWALES FEATURE
CHECK DAMS THAT
TEMPORARILY POND
RUNOFF TO INCREASE
POLLUTANT RETENTION
AND INFILTRATION AND
DECREASE FLOW
VELOCITY.
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PERVIOUS PAVEMENTS
• PERMEABLE PAVEMENT SURFACE WITH A STONE RESERVOIR
UNDERNEATH.
• RESERVOIR STORES RUNOFF WATER TEMPORARILY.
• AFTERWARDS, STORED WATER IS SUBSURFACE DRAINED OR
INFILTRATES INTO THE SUBSOIL.

A THEORETICAL CROSS SECTION OF POROUS PAVEMENT (LEFT) AND POROUS PAVEMENT

DURING A DEMONSTRATION.
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INFILTRATION BASIN
• CONSTRUCTED FACILITY WITH HIGHLY PERMEABLE SOILS.
• WATER INFILTRATES INTO SURROUNDING SOIL AND GETS
TREATED.

AN INFILTRATION BASIN
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THANK YOU!!!