Challenges in Palaeoflood

Hydrology Applied to Risk

Analysis in Mountainous
Watersheds
-A review
Introduction:
Purposes :
 We critically review paleoflood hydrology
focused on mountainous basins.
 We discuss limitations and sources of error
regarding paleoflood hydrology.
Importance of incorporating uncertainty in
paleoflood methods is discussed.
Methodology:

 Critical- Depth Method:

- has a frequently been used to determine
palaeodischarges in steep-gradient mountain torrents.
 Step- Backwater Method:
- channel geometry and hydraulic properties are
determined from field data, whereas the water
surface is established in specific cross-sections using an
iterative method that assumes energy losses caused br
friction and flow contraction/expansion.
Evidence:
Palaeoflood Hydrology based on Geologic and
Geomorphic Evidence:
 Evidence:
 Palaeoflood Hydrology based on Botanical
Evidence:
ESTABLISH THE RESEARCH CONTEXT

• The author of the research were J.M. BODOQUE, A. DIEZ-

HERRERO, M.A. EGUILBAR, G. BENITO, V. RUIZ-
VILLANUEVA, J.A. BALLESTOROS-CANOVAS.
• They were interested in assessing and managing the
flood risk in mountainous basins and to know what are
the challenges in palaeohydrology when analyzing the
flood frequency in mountainous basins.
• The research was conducted in mountainous part of
Spain in year 2014
ESTABLISH THE RESEARCH CONTEXT

• The research has a broader relevance by gathering the

data using palaeohydrology or other techniques, we can
apply it in other mountainous areas to know if the area has
a high flood frequency.
• The research was funded by the MAS Dendro-Avenidas
(CGL2010-19274) and MIDHATO (Geological Survey of Spain,
IGME) projects.
• There are other laboratories pursuing this research so that
many people will become aware if there are in the flood
risk area.
 Introduction.

• To offer a comprehensive review of the progress made in

paleoflood hydrology, highlighting advances in research and
summarizing key findings
• To evaluate the assumptions and limitations of the
methodology, with particular reference to the findings made
in the last thirty years
• To identify and outline what can still be done and what
opportunities for innovation still exist
Methods: Critical-depth Method

• The critical-depth method has frequently been

used to determine palaeodischarges in steep-
gradient mountain torrents.
• the method requires that:
• (i) critical-depth has been reached in a given
reach;
• (ii) this critical-depth has occurred for the peak
flow.
Methods: Step-backwater Modelling

• Numerous studies have relied on the

step-backwater method to characterize
processes such as glacial-lake outburst
floods (GLOF), or other floods occurring
in mountain streams
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 ESTABLISH
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SIGNIFICANCE
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RESEARCH
 OVERVIEW
• Basically we viewed this journal as informative, the reason is that
Palaeohydrology is new for us and having this research can be used
as an assessment in the flow of flood beneath the mountain.
• The observations is supported by the group, ‘cause this journal
basically covers all the questions of the people.
• Palaeohydrology is news for us students, by having this we
understood the reason behind it and can help asses the flood
beneath the mountains
• These are some practical applications of the journal;
dendrogeomorphology and Lichenometry
• They only used computer applications such as; flood
frequency analysis.
• They also used techniques in the following aspects;
botanical features, detailed information extracted,
and new data dendrogeomorphological analysis.
• We evaluate the journal as informative. This research
covers the challenges of Palaeoflood Hydrology and
also how they were led to this kind of journal