Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
By
Fayez A. Elmabhouh
Department of
Biology
Introduction
Histology = study of tissues
Tissue = group of cells with similar structure and
function
They are classified according to the shape of the cell,
size, intracellular matrix.
Four types of human tissues:
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscular tissue
Nervous tissue
The organ can may consists of one (heart) or
combination of these tissues (stomach, skeleton, skin)
Four Tissue Types:
1 2 3
4
Epithelial Tissues
Characterized by:
Their closely connected cells.
Having very little intracellular substance.
Resting on a basement membrane.
Arise from the three germ layers.
No blood vessels enter between its cell but
nerves do
Covers body surfaces and forms glands.
Basement membrane
Embryonic Tissues – all adult tissues are
derived from one of three embryonic
tissues
Ectoderm =
“outside skin”
gut
Mesoderm =
“middle skin”
Cross section
Endoderm = through embryo
“inside skin”
Animal embryo
Classification of Epithelium
1. Covering epithelia.
2. Glandular epithelia.
Covering epithelia
The primary function of this type of epithelia
is protection.
Covering epithelia classified according to the
arrangement of the cell into simple epithelia
and stratified epithelia.
Simple epithelia
These tissues divided into four types
according to the shape of cell and location of
nucleus.
Consists of a single layer of cells that
are in contact with the basement
membrane.
1. Simple Squamous Epithelium:
The cells are flat with
smooth edges.
They appear spindle-
shaped in cross section
Each cell containing a
nucleus in the widest
area.
Found in the lining blood
vessels, covering serosa
Blood vessel
Serosa
Simple Squamous Epithelium
cells