Mechanics of Solids-II

Chapter 03 (b)
 Absolute maximum shearing stress
• Consider the state of stress on a differential element as

shown in the figure. It has been analyzed along the

direction of the principal stresses.

• The mohr’s cicle for the rotation of the element about x, y,

z is also shown
Absolute maximum shearing stress

σ2

𝜎1 > 𝜎2 > 0
σ1 σ1

σ2
 𝑦

𝜎2

𝜎1 𝜎1
𝑥

𝜎2

(𝑎) 𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑍 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

 𝑧

𝜎1 𝜎1
𝑥

(𝑎) 𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑦 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

 𝑦

𝜎2

𝜎2

(𝑎) 𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

𝜏

𝑅
𝜎2 𝜎1
𝜎
𝑐

(𝑎) 𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑍 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

𝜏

𝜎1
𝜎
𝑐

(𝑏) 𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑦 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

𝜏

𝑅
𝜎2
𝜎
𝑐

(𝑐) 𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

 Absolute maximum shearing stress
• Form the above figures the absolute maximum stresses

are represented by the radius of the largest mohr’s circle

among the three circles.

• The radius of the circle can be computed as follows.

𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑜ℎ𝑟 ′ 𝑠 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑦

𝜎 𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦 2
𝑅= + 𝜏𝑥𝑦 2
2

𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑎 ; 𝜎𝑥 = 𝜎1 , 𝜎𝑦 = 𝜎2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜏𝑥𝑦 = 0

𝜎 1 − 𝜎2 2
𝑅= + 0 2
2

𝜎1 − 𝜎2 2
𝑅=
2

𝜎1 − 𝜎2
𝑅= (𝑖)
2
𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑏 ; 𝜎𝑥 = 𝜎1 , 𝜎𝑦 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜏𝑥𝑦 = 0

2
𝜎1 − 0 2
𝑅= + 0
2

𝜎1
𝑅= (𝑖𝑖)
2

𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑐 ; 𝜎𝑥 = 0 , 𝜎𝑦 = 𝜎2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜏𝑥𝑦 = 0

𝜎2 2
𝑅= + 0 2
2

𝜎2
𝑅= (𝑖𝑖𝑖)
2
 𝜏

𝜎1
𝜎2

𝑅
𝑅
𝑅
𝜎
𝑜
 Absolute maximum shearing stress
• If σ1 and σ2 have same signs i.e. both are in tension or both
are in compression, then the absolute maximum shearing
𝜎1 𝜎1
stress is equal to either of 𝑅 = 𝑜𝑟 𝑅 = whichever is
2 2

greater.

• If σ1 and σ2 have different signs i.e. one is in tension and one

is in compression, then the absolute maximum shearing
𝜎1−𝜎2
stress is equal to either of 𝑅 =
2
Pb#01: If an element is subjected to the state of stress shown in Figure,
find the maximum in-plane shearing stress and the absolute maximum
shearing stress.

𝑦
𝜎1 = 𝜎𝑥 = 50 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎2 = 20 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎2 = 𝜎𝑦 = 20 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜎1 = 50 𝑘𝑠𝑖 𝜎1 = 50 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑥

𝜎2 = 20 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑎 𝑇𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜏𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦
𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥/𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ± 𝜏𝑥𝑦 ² + ²
2

(50 − 20) = 15 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 = + 0 ²+ ²
2

(50 − 20) = −15 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜏𝑚𝑖𝑛 = − 0 ²+ ²
2
𝑏 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔

𝜎1 − 𝜎2 50 − 20
1 𝑅= = = 15 𝑘𝑠𝑖
2 2

𝜎1 50
2 𝑅= = = 25 𝑘𝑠𝑖
2 2

𝜎2 20
3 𝑅= = = 10 𝑘𝑠𝑖
2 2

𝑆𝑜 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝜏𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 25 𝑘𝑠𝑖

 𝜏

50 𝑘𝑠𝑖
20 𝑘𝑠𝑖

25 𝑘𝑠𝑖
15 𝑘𝑠𝑖

10 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎
𝑜
Pb#02: If an element is subjected to the state of stress shown in Figure,
find the maximum in-plane shearing stress and the absolute maximum
shearing stress.

𝑦
𝜎𝑦 = 1.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜎𝑥 = 3.6 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎𝑥 = 3.6 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎𝑦 = 1.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖 𝑥
𝜏𝑥𝑦 = −1.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜏𝑥𝑦 = 1.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝜎1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜎2

𝜎𝑥 + 𝜎𝑦 𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦
𝜎1/2 = ± 𝜏𝑥𝑦 ² + ²
2 2

3.6 + 1.2 3.6 − 1.2 = 4.1 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜎1 = + −1.2 ² + ²
2 2

3.6 + 1.2 3.6 − 1.2 = 0.7 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜎1 = − −1.2 ² + ²
2 2
𝜎2 = 0.7 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜎1 = 4.1 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑎 𝑇𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜏𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝜎𝑥 − 𝜎𝑦
𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥/𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ± 𝜏𝑥𝑦 ² + ²
2

(3.6 − 1.2) = 1.7 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 = + −1.2 ² + ²
2

(3.6 − 1.2) = −1.7 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜏𝑚𝑖𝑛 = − −1.2 ² + ²
2
𝑏 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔

𝜎1 − 𝜎2 4.1 − 0.7
1 𝑅= = = 1.7 𝑘𝑠𝑖
2 2

𝜎1 4.1
2 𝑅= = = 2.05 𝑘𝑠𝑖
2 2

𝜎2 0.7
3 𝑅= = = 0.35 𝑘𝑠𝑖
2 2

𝑆𝑜 𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝜏𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 2.05 𝑘𝑠𝑖

 𝜏

4.1𝑘𝑠𝑖
0.7 𝑘𝑠𝑖

2.05 𝑘𝑠𝑖
1.7 𝑘𝑠𝑖

0.35 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝜎
𝑜