Systems of Linear Equations

X+Y= C

X+Y+Z=C

Ariadna Haydar Chams

Juan Diego González
Daniela Morales
Andrés Mauricio Torres
 PROJECT
Adaptation of land in a parking lot vehicles
 Objectives
General Objective
• Apply system of linear equations to solve a real-life
situation.
Specific objective
• Apply the systems of linear equations with two and
three variables in a vehicle parking lot business,
using the substitution and elimination methods.
 Introduction
Many of the real-world situations have too many variables to
be shown by a single equation. For example, weather
conditions depends on many variables such as temperature,
wind speed, and others. Scientists use many equations and
several variables to model and make forecasts.
These are the systems of equations, a mathematical
construction to solve this type of problems and their
methods of solution are the strategy to solve them.
 Justification
The systems of linear equations are very important
importance for our daily activities because they
constitute a very useful tool for the solution of the
ordinary situations and everything that surrounds us, for
example, the number of items in a store and its prices. It
is also used in business to know its profitability, in
economics to determine supply and demand, in physics,
in chemistry in problems of mixtures or in problems of
geometry to calculate the dimensions of spaces, among
many other applications.
 Methodology
For this project, a parking lot business was taken as a
reference in the city of Cartagena, which the real
measurements were obtained and served us for the
construction of the project and to establish a situation
of daily life, applying the systems of linear equations
with two and with three variables.
 Conceptualization of the Systems of Linear Equations
A system of linear equations is just a set of two or more linear equations , with
several unknowns that make up a mathematical problem consisting in finding the
values of the unknowns that satisfy these equations.
So a System of Equations could
have many equations and many variables.
They can be : two with two variables, three
with three variables and so on.

For the case of our project we will apply, 2 equations in 2 variables and 3 equations in 3
variables.
The systems of linear equations are an important an useful tool for all fields. They are
used for digital signal processing, structural analysis, estimation, prediction and more
generally in linear programming. They are present in many areas of daily life such as:
Business, economics, physics, chemistry, engineering, and of course, mathematics,
especially in geometry for the calculation of dimensions of spaces; among others areas.
Classification of systems of linear equations

A system of two linear equations can be classified according to the number of solutions
they can present. In fact there are only three possible cases:
• No solution : If the lines are parallel, the system
of equations is said to be inconsistent. There
are no ordered pairs that satisfy both
equations.
• One solution : If the lines intersect, the system
of equations is said to be consistent and
independent. That is, it has at least one
ordered pair that satisfies both equations.

• Infinitely many solutions: If the lines coincide, the system of equations is said to be
consistent and dependent. That is, it has an infinite number solutions.
 Solving systems of linear equations
The system of linear equations with two variables are solved by the following methods:
1. Graphic method: In this method, we graph the equations
on the same set of axes and the point where the lines are
cut is the solution to the system. More than 2 variables can't
be solved by a simple graph.
2. Substitution method: In this method, we solve for one variable in one equation and
substitute the result into the second equation.
3. Elimination method: In this method we can eliminate a variable by adding opposite
coefficients of corresponding variables. It is often necessary to multiply one or both
equations by a constant to facilitate elimination of a variable when adding the two
equations together.
4. Cramer’s Rule: Cramer's Rule is a handy way to solve for just one of the variables
without having to solve the whole system of equations by uses determinants of a matrix
to solve for just one of the variables without having to solve the whole system of
equations.
This rule is applied in systems of linear equation when
the following two conditions are met:
• The number of equations is equal to the number of
unknowns.
• The determinant of the matrix of the coefficients
(system matrix) is different from zero (det (A) # 0).

Solving By Elimination: 3 equations in 3 variables

For systems of linear equations with 3 variables, the elimination method is generally
used in the following order:
- Choose a variable to eliminate; then choose any two of the three equations and
eliminate the chosen variable.
- Select a different set of two equations and eliminate the same variable as in Step 1.
- Solve the two equations from steps 1 and 2 for the two variables they contain.
- Substitute the answers from Step 3 into any equation involving the remaining variable.
Application of Systems of Linear Equations in the real-life
For our project, “Adaptation of land in a parking lot for vehicles”, we will apply the
systems of linear equations with 2 and 3 variables, solving them with the elimination
method.
The owner of the company Park it S.A., decides to buy land to place his parking
business for cars, motorcycles and vans. The rectangular land has a length of 30
meters more than twice its width. The owner of the company knows that the new land
has a perimeter of 300 meters and wants to know what are its dimensions to design
the spaces for the vehicles.
On the other hand, if the parking is designed for 60 spaces reserved for vehicles, of
which the owner wants 5 spaces more reserved for vans than for motorcycles and 3
times more spaces for cars than the combined spaces of vans and motorcycles.
Therefore, he wants to know, how many spaces will be reserved for each type of
vehicle in the parking lot?
 A.Result:
1) What are the dimensions of the land to design the spaces for the vehicles.
W = width of the land Equations:
L = lenght of the land 1 2L + 2W = 300
2 L = 2W + 30
W
Solution by substitution method:
1 2L + 2W = 300 2 L = 2W + 30
2(2W+30) + 2W = 300 L = 2(40) + 30
4W +60 + 2W = 300 L = 110 meters
L = 2W+ 30 6W + 60 = 300
Check: W= 300-60 = 240
L = 2W + 30 6 6
1 2L + 2W = 300 2
110 = 2(40) + 30 W=40 meters
2(110) + 2(40) = 300
300 = 300 110 = 110
 2) How many spaces will be reserved for each type of vehicle in the
parking lot? Equations:
m = # motorcycles spaces 1 m + c + v = 60
c = # cars spaces v = m + 5 m-v = -5
2
v = # vans spaces
3 c = 3(v + m) 3v + 3m
Solution by the elimination method: 3m – c + 3v = 0
Replace in (2): Replace in (1): Check:
1 m + c + v = 60
2 m - v = -5 1 m + c + v = 60 1 m + c + v = 60
3 3m – c + 3v = 0
5 - v = -5 5 + c + 10 = 60 5 + 45 + 10 = 60
4 4m + 4v = 60 v=5+5 15 + c = 60 60 = 60
c = 60 - 15 v=m+5
2 m - v = -5 X (4) v = 10 2
4m + 4v = 60 c = 45 10= 5+5
4m - 4v = -20 10=10
8m = 40 m = 40/8 3 c = 3(v + m)
m=5 45= 3(10+5)
45 = 45
B. Analysis of results:
The land purchased by Park it S.A. company to place its vehicle parking business,
has 110 meters of length by 40 meters of width, on which will be adapted 60 spaces
reserved for 5 motorcycles, 10 vans and 45 cars.

CARS

5 SPACES RESERVED
10 SPACES RESERVED

MOTORCYCLES
40 mts
VANS

CARS
45 SPACES RESERVED
CARS

110 mts
 Conclusion
The Systems of linear equations are one of the oldest systems used to solve
real-world problems that involve more than one variable, such as those
relating to revenue, cost, and profit.
Its importance is in the infinity of applications that it has in many areas of
daily life especially in the world of business that help to make predictions for
decision makers, in the planning and manage of the businesses.
In addition to the predictions systems of linear equations, they are also used
for digital signal processing, structural analysis, estimation, and more
generally in linear programming.
 References
• http://recursostic.educacion.es/descartes/web/materiales_didacticos/si
stemas_de_ecuaciones_lineales_2bcnt/index.htm
• https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/systems-linear-equations.html

• https://www.purplemath.com/modules/systlin1.htm

• https://www.portaleducativo.net/segundo-medio/45/sistema-de-
ecuaciones-lineales
• https://courses.lumenlearning.com/waymakercollegealgebra/chapter/s
ummary-systems-of-linear-equations-two-variables/
• https://sciencing.com/10-can-used-everyday-life-8710568.html
Cramer:
• Cramer's Rule is a handy way to solve
for just one of the variables without
having to solve the whole system of
equations