Ensuring Excellence at sea at all times

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Naval
Architecture
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
MARINE ENGINEERING

2
BOUYANCY
At the end of the course the students
will be able to:

Explains why the draught of a ship

decreases when it passes from fresh
water to seawater and vice versa

States that when loading in fresh TOPIC OBJECTIVES

water before proceeding into
seawater, a ship is allowed a deeper
maximum draught

Describes what is meant by the fresh

water allowance (FWA)
Given the FWA and TPC for fresh water,
calculates the amount which can be
loaded after reaching the summer load
line when loading in fresh water before
sailing into seawater

Describes the uses a hydrometer to find

the density of dock water
TOPIC OBJECTIVES

Describes the effect of changes of tide

and rain on dock water density

Explains how to obtain the correct dock

water density
Given the density of dock water and TPC
for seawater, calculates the TPC for dock
water

Given the density of dock water and

FWA, calculates the amount by which the
appropriate load line may be submerged.
TOPIC OBJECTIVES
Given the present draught amidships and
the density of dock water, calculates the
amount to load to bring the ship to the
appropriate load line in seawater
EFFECT OF DENSITY ON
SHIPS DRAUGHT

When a ship moves from water of one density

to water of another density, without there
being a change in her mass, the draft will
change.

CROCUS Presentation 7
 A ship floats in SW at the Summer displacement
of 1680 tonnes. If the TPCsw is5.18, how much
FRESH WATER ALLOWANCE will the draught change by if the ship is towed to
a berth where the of the water is 1.000 t/m3
In moving from SW to FW the ship will experience
sinkage by an amount equal to the FWA

FWA(mm) = Displacement (Summer)

4TPCsw
number of millimeters by which the mean draft
changes when a ship passes from salt water to FW = 1680
4 x 5.18
fresh water or vice versa, whilst floating at the
= 81.1mm
loaded draft.
The draught will increase by 81.1 mm

CROCUS Presentation 8
 SHIP’S HYDROMETER

Draft survey
hydrometer is used
to know the
density of the sea
Load Line Draught Survey water that will be
Hydrometer Hydrometer used during draft
survey for
calculating the
weight of cargo
loaded.
Loadline hydrometer is used to know the density of sea water that will be
used for calculating the compliance with the loadline convention.
Describes the uses a hydrometer to find the
density of dock water
• taking density -- it is measured by an instrument known as a
hydrometer. -------
• metal or glass hydrometers are available and they are made to float in
the sample water and the reading at the surface gives the density. ----
-----
• this density is used to calculate the dock water allowance form the
ship's freshwater allowance (FWA)