QUANTITATIVE

RESEARCH
OUTLINE
CONTENT
 Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION

Rationale
 3¶(paragraph) – Clearly state what the problem is in
relation to the topic with emphasis on the dependent
variable; background as to results, assumption re
connection of IV/s and DV; implications of previous
works leading to the rationale of the study
First paragraph is the problem of the dependent
variable and its importance.

Second paragraph is the importance of the

independent variable. Connect IV to DV.

Third paragraph- problem of dependent variable

in the local setting where the study will be
conducted citing an authority.
Fourth/last paragraph-presentation of research
gap and urgency of the study.
Research Objectives
 Complementary with the research method .
Main problem, usually about the last specific
objective .The opening statement should introduce
the main objective of the study by stating the last
specific objective.

 Enumerate the specific numbered objectives. One

objective for each variable & another objective
on significant relationship/difference/
influence/prediction/impact, and other related
objectives. If it is an output study, last objective
is on proposed intervention/project/business
paper.
The 1st numbered objective is to describe the level of the IV in
terms of its indicators.

The 2nd objective is to describe/determine the level of the DV in

terms of its indicators.

The 3rd objective is to determine the significant relationship

between the Iv and DV.

The 4th indicator is to determine which domain in the IV that

significantly influences or significant determinant of the DV.

The 5th objective (if applicable) is to develop an intervention

program/scheme based from the findings of the study.
Research Hypothesis

 The research hypothesis should start with… The

following hypothesis will be tested at 0.05
level of significance:
1. There is no significant relationship
between IV and DV.
2. There is no domain in the IV that
significantly influences/determines the
DV.
RRL/Review of Related Literature

 There are 3 parts of RRL, namely: the Independent

Variable (IV), Dependent Variable (DV), and
Correlation between Measures.
 First paragraph/Introductory Paragraph:
variable based with indicators including sources.
 Things to remember:

It should start with the opening statement stating the parts of

the RRL. The indicators of the independent and dependent
variables should be introduced here with sources.

Grouped by variable of the study and relationship of variables

(or difference, impact, influence whichever is applicable).

Only the variables are listed and labeled as sub-headings;

indicators are part of the paragraph.

Coherence between & among ¶ by using appropriate

transition terms, e.g. Moreover, however, in addition to, etc.
 Sources not earlier than 2009; except for
theories and very important authors. All
references should be within the last 5 years of
publication when Resonation RRL is used. However, if
inventory RRL used, old references are acceptable as
long as one of the references is within the 5 years of
publication.

 -10% from old articles may be allowed (intended for

theories and important concepts.

 Paraphrased, not copy pasted.

 Literature for correlation (last sub-heading),
association and link between two or more variables.
It could be labeled as “Correlation between
Measures”. Correlation between Measures should
cite references that connect the IV and DV.

 Synthesis as last ¶ of RRL, a general summary (not

conclusion) & last sentence is contribution to the
study.
 All references cited in the Discussion (Chapter 4)
are found in the RRL.
 Citing family name only of author, year.
 Every ¶ contains authors.
 An inventory of three or more authors, arranged in
alphabetical order, of a particular concept present
in majority of the pages. (Note: Refer to your
Review Guide Copy pp.3)
 Last paragraph should be the synthesis of the RRL.
Please refer to the completed thesis.
Theoretical Framework

 Anchor: Theory/Proposition/Model/Study/with author; Link

to the study justified . Present a theory or proposition that
connects the IV and DV. References have no restrictions on
the year of publication. (Attach photocopy of
source/reference.)

 A theory has a name. If none, it is a proposition, model, etc.

 There should be at least 3 support theories or

propositions that further connect the 2 variables.

 Add your personal account why you have chosen that

theory/proposition/model/study.
Conceptual Framework

 Source/Author for every variable with indicators.

Only one author for every variable, not several
authors.
 One sentence definition of each indicator under each
variable.
 Conceptual figure alone in one page right after the
page citing it.
 Redundancy of terms avoided.
 First paragraph should introduce the indicators of
the IV source and define briefly the indicators with
reference to Figure 1. The defined indicators should
be in italics.

 Second paragraph should introduce the indicators

of the DV with source and define briefly the
indicators. The defined indicators should be in
italics.
 Figure 1 which is the Conceptual Framework of the
Study should be in one page that follows
immediately after it is mentioned. The indicators
are presented with bullets and the one-
headed arrow should point to the right if
regression is used; and the boxes are labelled
as IV and DV. Two-headed arrow for correlation
and the boxes designated as the first variable and the
second variable.
Significance of the Study

 First paragraph presents the importance of your

study with reference/source.

 Possible beneficiaries and the benefits they will gain

from the study are clearly stated. In other words, it
identifies in paragraph form the people/offices that
can utilize the findings of the study from macro to
micro level (i.e, DepEd Officials, school heads,
teachers, students, parents, community residents,
and finally, future researchers).
Definition of Terms

 Only the keywords in the title are defined

operationally, how they are used in the study. The
definition should start this way, “As used in this
study, it refers to….”
 Chapter 2
METHOD

OPENING ¶ INTRODUCING
THE CONTENT OF THE
ENTIRE CHAPTER
Research Design

 Appropriate design used, with author; justification

for its use & contextualized to the study (e.g.
education, business, etc.) Example: This study
utilized quantitative non-experimental research
design using correlational technique.

 Typology of research in terms of objective

dimension and time dimension specified.

 A little discussion but with references.

Research Locale

 Brief description of the place of the study supported

with map.

 2 Maps (1 page): Philippines (small) and local map

(bigger, with arrow pointing to the specific locale in
the Philippine map).
 Figure 2 and 3.
Figure 2 is the map of Mindanao or Philippines
highlighting the province where the study is
conducted mentioning the provinces that serve as
the boundaries and the municipalities that the
province is composed of.

Figure 3 is the map of the province highlighting the

municipality (ies) where the study will be conducted.
Population and Sample

 Description of population of the study and

respondents (nature of work, lifestyle, & other
profile).
 Timeframe indicated
 Sampling procedure & its justification for use
supported with author.
 Chart on the Distribution of Respondents or Profile
of respondents after the page citing it; could be a
direct discussion with no supporting chart if there
are only very few items.
 Research Instrument

 First paragraph is the description of the instrument

to be used to measure the level of IV.

 This includes how many parts the questionnaire has

and from whom it is adapted. Mention also that the
original questionnaire will be modified to
contextualize the school setting and question items
will be simplified or translated to the vernacular for
the understanding of the respondents. E.g. This
study will gather data using an adapted-modified
questionnaire.
 This will be followed by the Range of Means to be
used for the IV, its descriptive level and
interpretation.

Range of Means Description Interpretation

4.20-5.00 Very High Always manifested

3.40-4.19 High Often manifested
2.60-3.39 Moderate Sometimes manifested
1.80- 2.59 Low Seldom manifested
1.00-1.79 Very low Never manifested
 Second paragraph is the description of the
instrument to be used for the DV-follow the flow of
discussion same as IV. This will also be followed by
the Range of Means to be used for the DV. Similar
to the IV table.

• In the last paragraph, mention that the

instruments will be subjected for dry run in order
to determine the Cronbach Alpha values before
content validation by experts with external
validator. State also the overall validation rating.
Data Collection

 It should be in a paragraph form.

 This part presents how the study was done from
asking permission to conduct the study to the
tabulation of the data.
 All problems/experiences encountered during the
conduct of the study and how they were addressed
should be narrated here.
 Statistical Tools

 Enumeration of appropriate statistics for each

research objective.
E.g. Mean and Frequency, Pearson r, linear
regression.
Ethical Consideration

 One or two paragraphs on research ethics.

Compliance certificate from UM Ethics Review
Committee (UMERC) after outline Defense.
 THE END!

Thank you for

listening. 