EMOTIONS

OBJECTIVES
A.Define Emotion
B. Components of
Emotion
C.Types of Emotions
 Emotions
 In psychology, emotion is often defined as a complex state
of feeling that results in physical and psychological changes
that influence thoughts and behaviours.
 What causes an Emotion?
Emotions are simply energy in motion. When you feel an
emotion it is because that energy has been triggered by a
thought and it sends it in motion, which creates feelings felt in
various locations in your body.
 Emotions Feelings
Emotions are chemicals released Feelings happen as we begin to
in response to our interpretation integrate the emotion, to think
of a specific trigger. about it, to “let it soak in.”
 Feelings Emotions
Feelings tell us “how to live.” Emotions tell us what we “like” and “dislike.”
Feelings state: “There is a right and wrong way to
Emotions state: “There are good and bad actions.”
be.”
Feelings state: “Your emotions matter.“ Emotions state: “The external world matters.“
Feelings establish our long term attitude toward Emotions establish our initial attitude toward
reality. reality.
Feelings alert us to anticipated dangers and Emotion alert us to immediate dangers and
prepares us for action. prepares us for action
Feelings ensure long-term survival of self. (body and Emotions ensure immediate survival of self. (body
mind.) and mind.)
Feelings are low-key but sustainable. Emotions are intense but temporary.
Happiness is a feeling. Joy is an emotion.
Worry is a feeling. Fear is an emotion.
Contentment is a feeling. Enthusiasm is an emotion.
Bitterness is a feeling. Anger is an emotion.
 “Emotions play out in the
theatre of the body. Feelings
play out in the theatre of the
mind.”
COMPONENTS
OF
Emotions
The physical component is the
physiological arousal that accompanies
the emotion.

 The cognitive component determines

the specific emotion we feel.

 The behavioral component of emotions

is the outward expression of the
emotions.
 TYPES
OF
Emotions
Robert Plutchik (1927-2006)
The Wheel of Emotions
 JOY
Opposite emotion: Sadness
Degree of intensity: Serenity → Joy→ Ecstasy
•Primary dyads:
Joy + Confidence→ Love
Joy + Anticipation → Optimism
•Secondary dyads:
Joy + Fear → Culpa
Joy + Anger → Pride
•Tertiary dyads (even less frequent):
Joy + Surprise → Delight
Joy + Aversion → Curiosity
 FEAR
Opposite emotion: Anger
Degree of intensity: Apprehension → Fear → Terror (Panic)
•Primary dyads:
Fear + Confidence → Submission
Fear + Surprise → Fright (dismay)
•Secondary dyads:
Fear + Joy → Culpa
Fear Sadness → Despair
•Tertiary dyads:
Fear + Aversion → Embarrassment
Fear + Anticipation → Anxiety
 ANTICIPATION
Opposite emotion: Surprise
Degree of intensity: Interest → Anticipation → (alert)
Surveillance
•Primary dyads:
Anger + Anticipation → Treachery
(aggressiveness)
Anticipation + Joy → Optimism
•Secondary dyads:
Anticipation + Rejection → Cynicism
Anticipation + Confidence → Fatalism
•Tertiary dyads:
Anticipation + Sadness → Pessimism
Anticipation + Fear → Anxiety
Theories of Emotions
 James - Lange Theory

The James-Lange theory of emotion argues that an event causes

physiological arousal first and then we interpret this arousal. Only
after our interpretation of the arousal can we experience
emotion. If the arousal is not noticed or is not given any thought,
then we will not experience any emotion based on this event.
 Cannon-Bard Theory

The Cannon-Bard theory argues that we experience

physiological arousal and emotional at the same time, but gives
no attention to the role of thoughts or outward behaviour.
 Schachter-Singer Theory

According to this theory, an event causes physiological arousal

first. You must then identify a reason for this arousal and then
you are able to experience and label the emotion.
 Lazarus Theory

Lazarus Theory states that a thought must come before any

emotion or physiological arousal. In other words, you must first
think about your situation before you can experience an
emotion.
 Facial Feedback Theory
According to the facial feedback theory, emotion is the experience
of changes in our facial muscles. In other words, when we smile, we
then experience pleasure, or happiness. When we frown, we then
experience sadness. It is the changes in our facial muscles that
cue our brains and provide the basis of our emotions.
The Purpose of Emotions
How Our Feelings Help Us Survive and Thrive
Emotions can motivate us to take action.
Emotions help us survive, thrive, and avoid danger.
Emotions can help us make decisions.
Emotions allow other people to understand us.
Emotions allow us to understand others.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!
 References:

http://www.sparknotes.com/psychology/psych101/emotion/section1.rhtml
http://changingminds.org/explanations/emotions/basic%20emotions.htm
https://elearningindustry.com/5-elearning-tips-use-plutchiks-wheel-of-emotions
https://www.verywell.com/the-purpose-of-emotions-2795181
https://allpsych.com/psychology101/emotion/
http://www.laughteronlineuniversity.com/feelings-vs-emotions/
https://www.thebestbrainpossible.com/whats-the-difference-between-feelings-and-
emotions/
http://www.6seconds.org/2017/05/14/emotion-feeling-mood/
https://psicopico.com/en/la-rueda-las-emociones-robert-plutchik/