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Three inlets
Orificium vena cava superior -returns
blood to the heart from the upper half of
the body
Orifice of inferior vena cava -returns
blood to the heart from the lower half of the
body
Orificium sinus coronarius -returns
blood to the heart from the cardiac muscle
One outlet
-orificium atrioventricularis dextra
Crista terminalis
-vertical ridge thatjfrom superior
vena cave to inferior vena cave
Sulcus terminalis
-groove on exterior of heart that
corresponds to crista terminalis
Two parts-separated externally by
sulcus terminalis and internally by
the crista terminalis
Atrium proprius
In front of the ridge
Pectinate muscles in wall
Auricula dextra-a small
conical muscular pouch, projects
to the left from the root of
superior vena cava, pectinate
muscles in wall
Sinus venarum cavarum
Lies posterior to the ridge
Smooth walls
Fossa ovalis -an oval
depression, a remnant of the
fetal foramen ovale, on the lower
part of interatrial septum, the
most common location of atrial
septal defects (ASD)
Limbus fossae ovalis
– prominent margin of fossa
ovalis
Ventriculus dextra (RV)
Receives deoxygenated blood
from right atrium through right
atrioventricular orifice
One inlet- orificium
artrioventricularis dextra
One outlet-orificium truncus
pulmonalis
Two parts-divided by the crista
supraventricularis, a muscular
ridge between right atrioventricular
orifice and orifice of pulmonary
trunk
Inflow tract-rough walls
Trabecula carnae
-irregularly arranged bundles
of myocardium
Trabecula septomarginal
-extends from interventricular
septum to base of anterior
papillary muscle, contains right
bundle branch
Musculus papillaris
-conical-shaped , anterior,
posterior and septal
Out flow tract
Conus arteriosus
cone-shaped, smooth area
leading upward to orifice of
pulmonary trunk
Pumps blood through
pulmonary orifice to pulmonary
trunk
Atrium sinistra (LA)
Auricula sinistra-projecting to
the right, pectinate muscles in wall
Four inlets-four orificium
pulmonalis open through the
posterior wall
One outlet-orificium
atrioventricular sinistra, blood
leaves through left atrioventricular
orifice to left ventricle
Ventriculus sinistra (LV)
Has wall three times thicker
than that of right ventricle
One inlet-orificium
atrioventricular sinistra
One outlet-orificium aorticus
Two parts-divided by anterior
cusps of mitral valve
Inflow tract-rough walls
Outflow tract – vestibulum
aorticus , smooth area leading to
aortic orifice
Valves
Valvula tricuspidalis
Guards right atrioventricular
orifice
Three triangular cusps: anterior,
posterior and septal, the base of
cusps are attached to fibrous ring
surrounding the atrioventricular
orifice
Chorda tendineae -fine, white,
connective tissue cords, attach
margin of cusps to musculus
papillaris
Valvula mitralis
Guards left atrioventricular
orifice
Two triangular cusps-anterior
and posterior with
commissural cusps between
them (posteromedial and
anterolateral commissures)
Similar structures to those of
right
Similar functions for right and left atriventricular valves
Open during diastole to allow blood to enter ventricles from
atria
Closed during systole to prevent regurgitation of blood into
atria
Valvula truncus
pulmonalis
Guards the orifice of
pulmonary trunk
Has three semilunar cusps –
each with free border that
has central nodulus
valvula semilunaris
Valvula aorticus
Guards the aortic orifice
Three semilunar cusps (right,
left and post)
Three aortic sinuses – bulges
in aortic wall at level of valve
that correspond to cusps
Right-contains opening
of right coronary artery
Left-contains opening of
left coronary artery
Posterior-no opening
Similar functions for
pulmonary and aortic
valves
Opening during systole,
with cusps pressed
toward wall of vessel as
blood is forced upward
Closed during diastole
Ventricular pressure drops
in diastole
Floating together of valve
cusps, with free borders
meeting, thus closing the
valve
Structure of the heart
Walls of heart
Endocardium-inner coat
of the heart wall, and
continuous with the valve
flaps
Myocardium
Arranged spirally