Sustainable and Green Building

Design`

JUNE 16, 2018

MANHATTAN SUITES INN,
Dumaguete City

Speakers: AR. MARIBEL C. TUBERA, MsCM, UAP, PIEP

ENGR. OLYMPIO LOPEZ JR
 Flow of discussion
• Introduction to sustainability
• Green building design
• Green building construction
• Green Building Methods
• High performance building
• Indoor environmental quality
• Sustainable facility management
• Philippine green building code
• Green certification
• LEED
• BERDE
If architecture in the twentieth century was challenged
with designing a “machine for living”, then in the twenty-
first century the challenge of architecture is designing
“organisms for living”.

Sustainable Development
GREEN BUILDING TIMELINE
 WILLIAM MCDONOUGH

“Most conventional practitioners

of modern design and
construction find it easier to make
buildings as if nature and place
did not exist. In Rangoon or
Racine, their work is the same.”
 FACILITATING CHANGE
• 1977: Department of Energy
Established to Address Energy Usage &
Conservation

• 1987: UN Commission Provides First

Definition of Sustainable Development-
“meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own
needs”
 FACILITATING CHANGE
• 1990: Austin Establishes
1stGreen Building Program

• 2000: Increasing Number of

Municipalities & Corps begin to
demand internal Green Bldg.
Standards
“Pollution, is the consequence of bad design.”
- Buckmister Fuller
• Understanding the Dimensions of Sustainable
Development (1).mp4
Design is a powerful process, it has the
potential of changing how buildings,
communities, and societies functions.

Design has the power of both

satisfying a need and providing value.
The Three Rings of Sustainability
Design and plan the
connections, a human ecology

ENVIRONMENT

COMMUNITY ECONOMY
 The three spheres of sustainability is
much like of the 3 elements of
Vitruvius’ Principles ...
No matter how energy and resource efficient
FIRMNESS
a building is, the staying power is determined
COMMODITY
by how deeply it appeals to the senses, how
DELIGHT
well it fits into its community, and how
comfortable it is to use.

It must be solved simultaneously, and spatial thinkers

are best at doing that.
 Sustainable Infrastructure
Building sustainability is not new...

-accommodating the site and climate

-preserving resources
-use local materials and expertise

...these are all ancient techniques which have just

been neglected since the beginning of Industrial
Revolution.
BUT...
• Today’s sustainability demands higher level
of knowledge and sophistication than it did
100 years ago.

• Green building doesn’t need to be high tech

or complex, there are simply more variables
to consider in order to minimize the
environmental disruption.
 Sustainable construction

Green Building

High Performance
 Green Design vs Sustainable Design
• Green design is an element • Sustainable design integrates
of sustainable design. the principles of green
design.
• Green design incorporates
efficient mechanical systems • Sustainable designs last; they
and high performance are flexible; they can
technologies but still function in a blackout or
functions primarily through drought or natural disaster
the use of fossil fuels. or on a beautiful day
without any input from non-
renewable resources.
 Green Design
• The creation of products and systems with
light footprint on the environment over the
full life-cycle.
 Green building tools
Several tools referred to by some of the leading green building
approaches are:
• Whole building life cycle assessment: The Athena Impact
Estimator

• Energy efficiency: For residential buildings, the RESNET

Standard for HERS (Home Energy Rating System)
 Sustainable Green Design

• A PROCESS allowing for a broader evaluation

of the environmental issues, economical and
societal impacts of a product.

• Creating Sustainable Cities.mp4

 Principles for Designing Sustainably
• Design to reinforce
the relationship
between the project,
the site, the
community, and the
ecology
• Make minimal
changes to the • Design with and
natural system for what has
functioning
• Design for future
been resident generations while
• Reinforce and and sustainable
steward those natural reflecting past
on the site for generations.
characteristics
specific to the place. centuries.

Long life,
Connectivity Indigenous loose fit
 3 Major Forces of going GREEN
1. Growing evidence of accelerated destruction
of planetary ecosystem, alteration of global
biogeochemical cycles, and enormous
increase in population and consumption

• “The sixth extinction- the human species’

massive destruction of life and biodiversity on
the planet.”
2. Increasing demand for natural resources is
pressuring developed and developing
countries resulting in shortage and
increasing prices for material and agricultural
products.
3. Green building movement is coinciding with
similar transformations in manufacturing,
tourism, agriculture, medicine, and the public
sector which have adopted various
approaches in greening their activities.
 Sustainable Construction

• Addresses the ecological, social and economic

issues of a building in its community

• Creating and operating a healthy built

environment based on resource efficiency and
ecological design.
 Principles of Sustainable
Construction
• Reduce resource consumption 1. Reduce
• Reuse resources 2. Reuse
• Use recyclable resources 3. Recycle
• Protect nature 4. Nature
• Eliminate toxics 5. Toxics
• Apply life cycle costing 6. Economics
• Focus on quality 7. Quality
 Techniques in Green construction
1. Prefabricating materials in controlled
environment
– It enables to cut materials precisely; decreases
wastes; strong materials
– Use BIM to cut sheet metal for duct work; avoid
shape-changing problems caused by hot or cold
weather
– Saves time; improve quality
 Techniques in Green construction
2. Construction waste management
- materials are recyclable on site; concrete
that can be crushed and used as aggregate
beneath parking lots
Techniques in Green construction
3. Managing the site for improved environment
- Treat water on site and avoid it to flow into
the local sewer system; silt fencing
surrounding the area
- No smoking on the site
- Bring recycling containers for food wastes
 Techniques in Green construction
4. Lean manufacturing to reduce energy
- Finding wasteful activity and eliminating
them.
- Materials are delivered just in time; saves time
in moving things, eliminate theft, eliminate
damage
Techniques in Green construction
5. Material selection
- Select materials from recycled products and
from local sources.
 Material Selection
1. Life Cycle Approaches
evaluate multiple potential
environmental impacts of a
product throughout its
lifespan.
 Material Selection
2. Environmental Product Declarations

providing a means for

manufacturers to identify
opportunities to improve
environmental performance
 Material Selection
3. Single vs. Multiple Attribute Consideration
Understanding and weighing product and
materials trade-offs, and deciding which
attributes are most important in each project, is
crucial to making comprehensive, informed
product selection decisions.

Looking only at one attribute (e.g., cost,

durability, environmental footprint) can result in
decisions that may be incomplete or short-
sighted.
 Material Selection
4. Materials & Ingredients Lists
the amount of the
chemical ingredient
used in the product,
the actual exposure
to building occupants,
and the ultimate
safety of the product.
 Material Selection
5. Risk Assessment
Understanding how to
recognize and address
potential risk is critical
when considering how to
balance the benefits of
products with their potential
health, environmental and
sustainability impacts.
 The final decision
• what products or materials to use for a specific
building project should take into account

– cost, performance and aesthetics of the product or

material,

– environmental, health and safety information about a

product and its ingredients,

– how the product is used in a specific application, its

exposure and risk profile during use and its end-of-life
characteristics.
GREEN BUILDING

We are nature, all changes to

nature and to the habitat have an
impact on us.
 Green Buildings

• Healthy facilities designed, built, operated

and disposed of in a resource efficient
manner, using ecologically based principles.
 Green Construction Project

• Practice of creating structures

and using processes that are
environmentally responsible and
resource efficient throughout a
building’s life- cycle from siting to
design, construction, operation,
maintenance, renovation,
deconstruction.
 Principles for Designing Sustainably
The projects should meet the following criteria:

Within existing urban Use green energy and be

boundaries and within unplugged from non-
walking distance to renewables.
transit options.

Be fully useful for

intended function in a
natural disaster, a
New projects would blackout, or a drought.
preferably be built on a Sustainable
cleaned-up brownfield. Design
 Principles for Designing Sustainably
Connect impacts and
wastes of the building to
Uses no more
useful cycles on the site
water than
and in the environment
what falls on
around it.
the site.

Anchored for
Part of a
deconstruction
cycle.

Made of materials that Compelling,

have a long and useful Sustainable rewarding, and
life (longer than its Design
growth cycle) desirable.
Source: J. Fiksel, Design for
Environment: A Guide to
Sustainable Product
Development, McGraw-Hill 2009
 GREEN BUILDING TODAY
• Minimizes Home’s Footprint on Earth
• Integrated Design
• Uses Less Energy & Water
• Durable/Low-Maintenance
• Healthier
• Reduced Greenhouse Emissions
• Recycled Content
Materials/Renewables
 DESIGN PRINCIPLES
• Building Should be Elongated on an East-
West Axis to Control Sun’s Intrusion
• Light Color, Highly Reflective Exterior
Products

• Utilize Natural Breezes and Shading

• Work with, Not Against, Natural Setting

 buildings condition in terms of
comfort and health:
• Hygrothermal comfort: Stability of hygrothermal
comfort conditions and homogeneity of hygrothermal
atmospheres, hygrothermal zoning, according to use;

• Acoustic comfort: Acoustic correction, acoustic

insulation, attenuation of impact noise and equipment
noise, acoustic zoning, according to use;

• Visual comfort: Satisfactory visual relationship with

outside, optimal natural lighting in terms of comfort and
energy costs, appropriate artificial lighting as a
complement to natural lighting;
 buildings condition in terms of
comfort and health:
• Olfactory comfort: Reduction of unpleasant
odour sources, ventilation to evacuate
unpleasant odours;

• Sanitary conditions: Creation of satisfactory

properties of interior atmospheres, creation of
optimal hygiene conditions, ease of cleaning and
evacuation of activity waste, creation of facilities
for reduced-mobility users;
 buildings condition in terms of
comfort and health:
• Air quality: Management of pollution risks due to
construction products, management of pollution risks by
equipment, management of pollution risks due to
cleaning or improvement, management of risks of
polluted new air, ventilation to ensure satisfactory air
quality;

• Water quality: Protection of the collective potable

water distribution system and maintenance of potable
water quality in buildings, possible improvement of
potable water quality, possible treatment of non-potable
waste water, management of risks concerning non-
potable water networks.
 28.4%
36.0% Transportati
Industrial on

18.2% 17.4%
Commercial Residential

Figure 1.1 Pie chart showing greenhouse-gas emissions by sector.

Source: GreenerWorld Media, Inc.
 Advantage of Building Green….

What are the perceived advantage of

building green?

8-9% 7.5% increase 6.6% 3.5% increase

decrease in building improvement in occupancy
in value in ROI rates
operating
cost
GREEN BUILDING METHODS
 1. Smart landscaping
• creatively and effectively implementing a
landscape project that meets the needs of a
parking lot while incorporating environmental
efficiencies.
function of parking lot landscaping
• provide natural drainage,
• water collection network
• Storm water filtration.
• enhance the aesthetic quality of the space
• reduce temperatures in the summer by
providing shade.
 Bioretention
• Efficient technique to catch and treat parking
lot runoff.

• Landscape islands are best when installed

below the parking lot level so they can collect
water as it runs down and off.
Bioretention-Rain Garden
 2. Cool Roofs
• rooftops have become a large contributor to
excessive heat issues.

• 90% of roofs are poorly designed and built

with dark, non-reflective, heat-absorbing
materials.
• Cool roofing is one of the main strategies used
to prevent future occurrences of heat island
effects.

• A cool roof prevents heat absorption by

reflecting the sun’s heat and then emitting its
radiation back into the atmosphere.
 Cool Roofing Materials
• Asphalt Shingles are composed of asphalt mats made
from organic felts or fiberglass. Their SRI is relatively
low, as white shingles are only about 30% reflective
and other color tiles even less so. They are widely used
in the residential sector because they are low in cost
and simple to install.

• Metal roofs, one of the most popular roofing materials

used today, can achieve a solar reflectance of over
70%, allowing buildings to remain much cooler and
lowering their energy costs. Metal is also extremely
durable and weather-resistant, lightweight, and 100%
recyclable at the end of its useful life.
 Cool Roof Reflective Coatings
• White roof coatings
• pigmented coatings
• Aluminum roof coatings
• Roofing Membranes
• Single-Ply Thermoplastic membranes
• Tiles
 • Ballast.
• Protection/Filter Layer
• Monarplan G.
• Thermazone Insulation.
• Icopal Insulation Adhesive.
• Vapour Control Layer.
• Structural deck

System Description
Monarplan G single ply roof membranes incorporates a
fungicide additive that prevents organic growth within the
ballast layer attacking the plasticiser in the PVC
membrane ensuring the membranes performance is not
compromised.
3. Green Roof
• Green roofs reduce the temperature of the
building and the surrounding air in multiple
ways:
1.Shading: They provide shade to the top of a
building
2.Evapotranspiration: the plants in a green
roof absorb water through their roots, and
then use surrounding heat from the air to
evaporate the water
•Vegetation: plants should be based on the type of roof, surrounding climate, and
condition of the building.
•Growing Medium: A wind erosion layer, commonly made of burlap jute blankets, can
also be installed to prevent wind from blowing top soil off the roof.
• Root Barrier: associated with deep-rooted plants such as trees and shrubs.
• Drainage: remove excess water from a green roof. designed to ensure storm water
can be used by the top plants for extended periods of time without oversaturation of
the entire green roof system.
•Insulation: protector of the membrane layer below. The insulation prevents the weight
of the green roof from crushing the insulation and impairing the membrane.
Membrane Protection: can be a slab of lightweight concrete, insulation, thick plastic,
copper foil or any combination of these.
•Membrane: the main separation between the green roof above and the structural
supports below; must be strong enough to support this water weight and to not let it
seep through.
Types of Green Roof
 5. Energy-Efficient Windows
• combination of window glazes,
• multiple panes,
• tightly-sealed edges,
• insulated frames, and
• gas fills.

In a typical home, roughly 30% of heating and

air conditioning is lost through the windows!
 U-factor:
• measures how much heat is conducted
through a window.
• This rating may apply to the whole window
fixture (glass, frame, spacers, etc.) or only to
the glass itself.
• A low U-factor signifies that a window is well-
insulated and therefore more energy-efficient.
• A rating of 0.30 or below is considered very
good.
Solar heat-gain coefficient (SHGC):
• the fraction of solar heat energy that passes
through a window.

• SHGC can improve indoor climate control

through the installation of high-SHGC (>0.55)
windows in cold climates and low-SHGC
(<0.40) windows in warm climates.
 Visible transmittance (VT):
• the amount of visible light that can pass
through a window.
• VT is measured on a scale of 0 to 1, where 0
signifies no light transmittance and 1 is
complete light transmittance.
• Coatings, glazes, and tints can reduce VT
 Light-to-solar gain (LSG):
• Ratio of VT to SHGC.
• A high LSG rating is given to a window that
lets through a lot of light relative to the
amount of heat.
 Low-emissivity (low-e) glazes:
• transparent metal-oxide insulators that block
longer wavelengths of energy while still allowing
visible light (shorter wavelengths) to pass
through.
• Low-e windows work well for keeping heat either
inside or outside of a building, depending on
climate.
• Glazes may also help avoid condensation on the
inside of windows, as well as fading of fabric,
paper, or wood furnishings.
 Air leakage:
• low air leakage is always good.

• Windows should have a leakage rating of less

than 0.30 cubic feet per minute per square foot
of window and should be properly installed to
avoid leaks around the edges.

• Windows that open outward, like awnings or

casements, close more tightly than sliding
windows.
 Gas fills:
• some double-paned windows are made with
an inert gas such as argon or krypton in the
inter-pane space because they are better
insulators than air.

• Manufacturers may use a mix of gases, as

argon is cheaper but krypton is more effective.
 External factors:
• Shading of windows by overhangs or plants can help
keep a house cool in the summer when the sun is high in
the sky.
• Curtains or shutters can also help keep out light or heat
as desired.
• window direction should be incorporated into home
design.
– colder climates, high-SHGC windows should predominantly face
south to capture the most heat when the sun is low in the sky
during winter.
– North-facing windows, on the other hand, tend to provide more
light than heat.
– Tubular daylighting devices, which channel sunlight through a
reflective tube, may be a good way to add natural light to rooms
where traditional windows or skylights are not feasible.
 6. Energy Solution
• wind, solar, and geothermal power as method
for electricity generation.

• thermal storage- it allows heat energy to be

stored and used at a later time.
• Heat is considered a low-grade form of energy
– while less useful than other forms, thermal
storage allows it to be captured and used
more efficiently.
 7. Site Solution
• Storm water planters
• Permeable pavement
• Rain barrels
• Rain gardens
• Native plants
• Parking lot run-off landscaping
 8. Interior Solutions
• Building insulation
• Air sealing and ventilation
• Greywater system
• Flooring materials
• Lighting strategies
• Paints and coatings
• Materials red list
• Green cleaning
HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDING
What is a High Performance Building?

• “Buildings that perform well”.

• Commonly known as ‘green,’ ‘sustainable,’ or

simply ‘high performance.’

• “Consistently delivers a highly productive

environment without wasting resources"
What is a High Performance Building?

• Energy efficient , with the goal of being a net-

zero energy structure.
• Have a low impact on the environment
• Provide a healthy atmosphere for occupants -
by improving indoor air quality and allowing
for natural lighting.
• Have low life-cycle costs.

91
 Characteristics of
High Performance Building
Envelope
• Incorporating high-R roofs with generally high
reflectivity and effective thermal control.

92
 Characteristics of
High Performance Building
Daylighting
• Techniques used considerably are shaded
sunny-side window walls to clerestories to
skylights to light tubes.
• Electrochromic windows. (This is where a photocell
automatically reduces solar heat gain and glare when direct
sunlight strikes the glass.)
• “Brisesoleil.” (These are fixed external, louver-like
sunshades.)

93
 Characteristics of
High Performance Building
Lighting/Lighting Controls
• Included are high efficiency sources to
photocells, time clocks, overhangs, dimming,
zoned on/off control, staged control,
contribution from a renewable energy source,
usually solar (photovoltaics).

94
 Characteristics of
High Performance Building

HVAC
• Included VAV air systems, natural ventilation
(operable windows), heat recovery wheels
(from exhaust air), variable speed motors and
high-efficiency condensing boilers.
95
 Characteristics of
High Performance Building
Rainwater/Waste Water Collection/Recycling
• Included are private wells, native landscaping
requiring little or no non-natural irrigation, green
roof gardens, construction adjacent to a wetland,
plus the usual measures to minimize potable water
usage.

96
 Characteristics of
High Performance Building
Other/Special Features
• Rainwater and black water for irrigation,
employing an “Eco Machine” for education
and display purposes and providing occupant
feedback on monitored CO2 levels.

97
 Benefits
Energy Efficiency/Clean Energy Resources
• Direct energy cost savings (fuel and electricity) and
other life cycle savings.
• Improved air quality from reduced fuel
consumption (limiting nitrous oxide, sulfur dioxide,
methane, and other gases that contribute to air
pollution).
• Reduces carbon dioxide emissions, the primary
greenhouse gas implicated in global climate
change.

98
 Benefits
Improved Indoor Environment
• Improving the total quality of the interior
environment.
• Attention to building wellness today helps
avoid future costs for correcting sick building
syndrome.
• Can improve occupant comfort, health, and
well-being, in turn reducing employee
absenteeism and turnover.
99
 Benefits
Source Reduction, Pollution Prevention and
Recycling
• Will prevent unnecessary depletion of natural
resources and will reduce air, water, and soil
pollution.
• Will also strengthen the market for recycled
materials, and the manufacture of products with
post-consumer content.
• Can reduce waste disposal costs, ease stress on
landfills, and minimize the cost of transporting
waste to disposal facilities outside the City. 100
 Benefits
Building Operations Resource Management
• Conservation measures will help maintain
water quality and avoid potential future costs
by reducing overall loads on water filtration
and treatment systems.
• More efficient cleaning and custodial
protocols may increase productivity of
custodial staff, while improved housekeeping
measures will contribute to overall occupant
health and well-being. 101
Trends and Barriers to Green Building

Trends
1. LEED green building system and growth of
USGBC membership
2. Public and private incentives
3. Expansion of state and local green building
programs
4. Industry professionals taking action to educate
members and integrate best practices
5. Advances in green building technology
Trends and Barriers to Green Building

Barriers
1. Financial disincentives
a. Lack of LCC analysis and use
b. Real and perceived higher first costs
c. Budget separation between capital and operating
costs
d. Security and sustainability perceived as trade-
offs
e. Inadequate funding for public school facilities
Trends and Barriers to Green Building

Barriers
2. Insufficient research
a. Inadequate research funding
b. Insufficient research on indoor environments,
productivity, and health
c. Multiple research jurisdiction
3. Lack of awareness
a. Prevalence of conventional thinking
b. Aversion or perceived risk
 Materials
• Cellular concrete: Load-bearing material offering thermal
insulation, of mineral origin. It is durable, recyclable and
produces no toxic discharges.

• Clay bricks (honeycomb brick): Load-bearing clay material

offering thermal insulation. Offers high acoustic performance
and highly durable. Incurs overconsumption of grey energy in
the manufacturing process.

• Wooden frame: Load-bearing material (requires

systematic addition of an insulating material) and CO2
absorbent. A renewable source available in large quantities.
Cellular foam concrete
Self healing concrete
 Graphene reinforced concrete

incorporate
wonder-material
graphene into
concrete, greatly
increasing the
material's strength
and water
resistance
 Thermal bridging

Thermal insulation with 40% more thermal resistance

Photovoltaic glazing
Kinetic footfall & kinetic roads
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
 Indoor Environmental Quality
• Indoor characteristics that most affect human
health are connected to thermal comfort,
lighting, moisture, mould and noise.
• Complaints are also related to sickness
absence rates of office workers due to the sick
building syndrome (SBS) and building-related
illnesses (BRI).
 SBS vs. BRI
Indicators of SBS include:
• Building occupants complain of symptoms
associated with acute discomfort, e.g., headache;
eye, nose, or throat irritation; dry cough; dry or
itchy skin; dizziness and nausea; difficulty in
concentrating; fatigue; and sensitivity to odors.
• The cause of the symptoms is not known.
• Most of the complainants report relief soon after
leaving the building.
 SBS vs. BRI
Indicators of BRI include:
• Building occupants complain of symptoms
such as cough; chest tightness; fever, chills;
and muscle aches.
• The symptoms can be clinically defined and
have clearly identifiable causes.
• Complainants may require prolonged recovery
times after leaving the building.
 Building Related Illness
• Building associated sicknesses, other than
those related to SBS, are generally allergic
reactions or infections.
• The allergies include asthma, humidifier fever
and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Bacteria,
fungus and virus can cause the BRI infections.
 Indoor Environmental Factors
• Indoor Air Quality: odour, indoor air pollution,
fresh air supply, etc.;
• Thermal comfort: moisture, air velocity,
temperature;
• Acoustical quality: noise from outside,
indoors, vibrations;
• Visual or lighting quality: view, illuminance,
luminance ratios, reflection;
• Aesthetic quality.
 The Sick Building Syndrome
• is a combination of ailments associated with
an individual's place of work or residence.
• is used to describe situations in which building
occupants experience acute health and
comfort effects that appear to be linked to
time spent in a building.
 The Sick Building Syndrome
A syndrome, by definition, is a
group of signs and symptoms
that occur together and
characterize a particular
abnormality.

is the name given to a set of

varied symptoms experienced
predominantly by people
working in air conditioned
buildings, although it has also
been observed in naturally
ventilated buildings.
 Symptomatology
• The five SBS symptom complexes can occur
singly or in combination with each other.
Symptoms may be cyclical or episodic.
• They may be nonspecific and often resemble a
common cold or other respiratory illnesses.
• They usually get worse as the day progresses,
may worsen through the work week, and ease
or disappear once the occupant is away from
the building for a time.
 Symptomatology
1. Eye Irritation
A burning, dry, gritty sensation is experienced in the eyes
without any evidence of inflammation. Severity varies from day
to day. Sensitivity is greater for occupants wearing contact
lenses.
Symptomatology

2. Nasal Manifestations
The most frequently cited nasal symptom is “stuffiness,” which
develops rapidly when an individual enters the building, persists
while in the building, and goes away quickly upon departure. For
some people, this “stuffiness” also is a specific reaction to high
temperatures.

Other nasal symptoms, which are more variable and apt to be

less persistent, are nasal irritation and rhinorrhea. Symptoms are
frequently suggestive of an allergic cause.
 Symptomatology
3. Throat and Lower Respiratory Tract Symptoms
A persistent dryness of the throat, which seldom shows any
inflammation, is a principle symptom. The occupant may gain
some relief by drinking large amounts of water.

A typical indication of lower respiratory tract difficulty is a

shortness of breath, a sense of not being able to breath deeply,
which is not related to any lung infection or bronchial asthma. It
is generally relieved by stepping outside to take a few deep
breaths.
Symptomatology
4. Headaches, Fatigue, General Malaise
The headaches are usually frontal in position, occur in the
afternoon and may occur daily. Headaches may range from
moderate to severe migraine.

Headaches and related fatigue, dizziness, difficulty in

concentration and general malaise are the most frequently cited
sick building symptoms.
 Symptomatology
5. Skin Problems
Dry skin is a frequent SBS complaint, particularly from
female occupants. It is considered a building associated
symptom when it improves during protracted absences from
the facility. Warm dry air or excessive air movement may
create a particular type of dermatitis on exposed skin
surfaces. Skin rashes or irritation may result from exposure
to some contaminants.

SBS may aggravate existing health problems and diseases,

such as sinusitis and eczema, but these are considered
outside the general SBS symptom complexes.
 Causes of SBS
• Inadequate ventilation
• Chemical contaminants from indoor sources
• Chemical contaminants from outdoor sources
• Biological contaminants
 Risk Factors

• Physical
• Chemical
• Biological
• Psychological
Sustainable Facility
Management
“ By 2050, approximately more than 50% of
buildings standing at that time have already
been built by today.”
 Quick Facts on Existing Buildings
• Older, existing buildings generally use
significantly more energy and water than new
buildings of the same size and function.
 Quick Facts on Existing Buildings
• According to the Institute for Building
Efficiency, existing buildings that are 20 years
and older make up more than 70 percent of
the built environment by square meter.
 Quick Facts on Existing Buildings
• Existing buildings offer tremendous
opportunities to conserve energy and water as
well as provide healthier, more productive
work environments.
 Potential for Greening
• Buildings from prior generations don’t suffer
from the planned obsolescence that we have
engineered into modern consumer products.

The former CHIJ Chapel (designed

by Father Nain and built in 1902-
1904) and Caldwell House
(designed by GD Coleman and built
in 1842). The project is sensitively
and tastefully restored, resulting in
an integrated multi-purpose use
complex of the highest quality.
 Potential for Greening
• Building reuse almost always yields fewer
environmental impacts than new construction
when comparing buildings of similar size and
functionality.
 Potential for Greening
• Recent studies have proven that green
retrofits of existing buildings have less long-
term environmental impact than the
demolition and new construction of a green
building on the site, while offering the same
benefits as new construction.
A series of cost-effective, energy-efficient
retrofits have dramatically reduced energy
waste in the Empire State Building,. In the next
few years, when the project is complete, the
building is expected to reduce its energy use
by nearly 40 percent.
 Potential for Greening
• A recent study suggests that
it can take a minimum of 10
and as many as 80 years to
offset the climate change
impacts of the demolition
and construction of a new
green building, even one that
is 30 percent more energy
efficient than the building it
replaced.
 Potential for Greening
• Renovating an old building in the right way is
usually far more environmentally responsible
than new construction, even new construction
built to the highest, greenest standards.

Adaptive reuse of the Albert Kahn-designed

former Ford Assembly Plant In Richmond,
California has won and AIA Honor Award. It is
yet another great example of why The
Greenest Brick is the One That's Already in the
Wall.
 Facility Management
• What is Facility Management?
Facility management is performed during the
operational phase of a facility or building’s life cycle,
which normally extends over many decades.

The International Facility Management Association

defines facility management as a profession that
encompasses multiple disciplines to ensure functionality
of the built environment by integrating people, place,
process, and technology.
 Facility Management
• What is Facility Management?
It is a multidisciplinary or transdisciplinary
profession drawing on theories and principles of
engineering, architecture, design, accounting,
finance, management, and behavioral science.

The underpinnings of the discipline of facilities

management (FM) are found in the intersection
of work, workers, and workplace.
 Facility Management

• Roles and Responsibilities

Maintenance Operations Administrative Services
Furniture maintenance Corporate artwork
Finishes maintenance Mail services
Preventive maintenance Shipping/receiving
Breakdown maintenance Records retention
Exterior maintenance Security
Custodial/housekeeping Telecommunications
Landscape maintenance Copy services
 Facility Management
• Roles and Responsibilities
Space Management Architectural/Engineering Services
Space inventory Code compliance
Space policies Construction management
Space allocation Building systems
Furniture purchase Architectural design
Furniture specifications
Furniture inventory
Interior plans
Major redesign
Trash/solid waste
 Facility Management
• Roles and Responsibilities

Real Estate Facility Planning

Building leases Operational plans
Site selection Emergency plans
Acquisition/disposal Strategic plans
Building purchases Energy planning
Property appraisals
Subleasing
 Facility Management
• Roles and Responsibilities

Financial Planning Health and Safety

Operational Budgets Ergonomics
Capital budgets Energy management
Major financing Indoor air quality
Recycling program
Emissions
 The 2030 Challenge
• The 2030 °Challenge is an initiative by Edward
Mazria

• Architecture 2030 asking the global

architecture and construction community to
adopt a series of greenhouse gas reduction
targets for new and renovated buildings.
 The Challenge

All new buildings, developments and major renovations shall be designed to meet a fossil fuel, GHG-
emitting, energy consumption performance standard of 60% below the regional (or country) average
for that building type.

At a minimum, an equal amount of existing building area shall be renovated annually to meet a fossil
fuel, GHG-emitting, energy consumption performance standard of 60% of the regional (or country)
average for that building type.
 Meeting The Challenge

The targets may be accomplished by implementing innovative sustainable design

strategies, generating on-site renewable power and/or purchasing (20% maximum)
renewable energy.
 Sustainable Facility Management
• Use of products made from environmentally
attractive materials.
• Use of products that are green because of what is
not there.
• Reducing environmental impacts during
construction, renovation or demolition.
• Reducing environmental impacts during building
operation.
• Use of products that contribute to a safe and
healthy environment.
PHILIPPINE GREEN BUILDING CODE
Green building certification
GREEN BUILDING ORGANIZATIONS
• United States Green Building
Council (USGBC)
Founded in 1993
Non-profit trade organization
Pioneered LEED Certification
(Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design)
GREEN BUILDING ORGANIZATIONS
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA)
US Federal government tasked with
enforcing environmental laws passed
by congress
Founded in 1970 by President Richard
Nixon
Initiated Energy Star (International
standard for energy efficient product
– 20% to 30% less energy)
GREEN BUILDING ORGANIZATIONS
• Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)
Founded in 1993
Tasked to ensure that world’s forest is
used in a responsible manner for
wood building materials
has ten principals and fifty-six
associated criteria that loggers must
adhere to in order to be Forest
Stewardship certified
GREEN BUILDING ORGANIZATIONS
• World Green Building Council (World
GBC)
 World’s largest international
member-based organization
 aims to strengthen green building
councils in member countries
green buildings are a part of any
comprehensive strategy to deliver
carbon emission reductions.
GREEN BUILDING ORGANIZATIONS
• Philippine Green Building Council
(PHILGBC)
 Incorporated on March 22, 2007
a national non-stock, non-profit
organization
promotes the sharing of knowledge
on green building practices to ensure
a sustainable environment.
Member of World Green Building
Council
GREEN BUILDING CERTIFICATION BODIES
• Green Building Council (USGBC)
 Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design (LEED)
rating system for new
construction
Started in year 2000
most widely used green building
rating system in the world
GREEN BUILDING CERTIFICATION BODIES
• National Association of Homebuilders
(NAHB)
 Promotes its Green Building
Guidelines for Residential
Structures
Assisted by Green Building Initiative
(GBI)
developed for Canada, GBI
helped to make Green Globes
available for use in the U.S. in 2005.
 DESCRIPTION
• Building Standards
 Set of guidelines and criteria against
which a product can be judged.
Created by ANSI, ASTM, or ASHRAE
Supported by International Standards
Organization (ISO)
Defined by ISO as a document, established
by consensus, approved by a recognized
body that provides for common and
repeated use as rules, guidelines, or
characteristics for activities or their results."
 DESCRIPTION
• Green Codes
Developed and adopted in the U.S. and
abroad that seek to push the standard of
building design and construction to new
levels of sustainability and performance.
Codes come in two basic
formats: prescriptive and performance,
International Green Construction
Code (IgCC) provides a comprehensive
set of requirements intended to reduce the
negative impact of buildings on the
natural environment.
 DESCRIPTION
• Green Codes
developed by the International Code
Council (ICC)
California Green Building Standards
Code (CALGreen Code) is Part 11 of
the California Building Standards
Code and was the first statewide
"green" building code in the US.
 DESCRIPTION
• GREEN PRODUCT CERTIFICATIONS

Certification is a confirmation that a

product meets defined criteria of a
standard.
ISO defines certification as: "any activity
concerned with determining directly or
indirectly that relevant requirements are
fulfilled."
 Intended to outline and confirm that a
product meets a particular standard and
offers an environmental benefit.
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR TYPE OF
CERTIFICATION MULTI- STANDARD OR MANAGING ISSUES / AREAS OF
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION ORGANIZATION FOCUS
Energy Star Single- Government U.S. EPA and U.S. Building energy and
Attribute certification DOE water use
using a
benchmarking
method
Green Globes Multi- •Green building Green Building •Environmental assessment
areas to earn credits in:
Attribute guidance and Initiative in the
Energy
assessment U.S. •Indoor Environment
program for: BOMA Canada •Site
Existing •Water
•Resources
buildings •Emissions
•New •Project/Environmental
construction Management
No prerequisites
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR MANAGING
CERTIFICATION MULTI- TYPE OF STANDARD ORGANIZAT
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE OR CERTIFICATION ION ISSUES / AREAS OF FOCUS
Leadership in Multi- •Green building rating and U.S. Green •Performance in:
Energy and Attribute certification system Building Sustainable Sites
through independent third-
Environmental party verification for: Council •Water Efficiency
Design (LEED) New Construction (NC) •Energy & Atmosphere
•Existing Buildings, •Materials & Resources
Operations & Maintenance •Indoor Environmental
(EB O&M)
•Commercial Interiors (CI) Quality
•Core & Shell (CS) •Locations & Linkages
•Schools (SCH) •Awareness & Education
•Retail
•Innovation in Design
•Healthcare (HC)
•Homes •Regional Priority through
•Neighborhood a set of prerequisites and
Development (ND) credits
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR MANAGING
CERTIFICATION MULTI- TYPE OF STANDARD OR ORGANIZATIO ISSUES / AREAS
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION N OF FOCUS
Living Building Multi- •Performance-based International •Performance
Challenge Attribute standard, and Living Future areas include:
certification program Institute Site
for: •Water
Landscape and •Energy
infrastructure projects •Materials
•Partial renovations and •Health
complete building •Equity
renewals •Beauty
•New building
construction All areas are
•Neighborhood, campus requirements.
and community design
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR TYPE OF MANAGING
CERTIFICATION MULTI- STANDARD OR ORGANIZATIO
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION N ISSUES / AREAS OF FOCUS
NZEB Multi-AttributeCertification International •One hundred percent of the
program using Living Future project's energy needs must be
supplied by on-site renewable
the structure Institute energy on a net annual basis,
of the Living without the use of on-site
Building combustion. NZEB certified
buildings must also meet the
Challenge
following requirements of the
which can be Living Building Challenge:
applied to any the first half of Imperative One,
building type. Limits to Growth, dealing with
appropriate siting of buildings
•Imperative 19, Beauty and Spirit
•Imperative 20, Inspiration and
Education
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR MANAGING
CERTIFICATION MULTI- TYPE OF STANDARD ORGANIZATI ISSUES / AREAS
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE OR CERTIFICATION ON OF FOCUS
Passive House Multi-Attribute •Performance based Passive •Any type of
Institute US passive building House building.
standard Institute US
Third-party RESNET New focus areas
approved quality include:air
assurance/quality tightness
control requirement
•Earns U.S. DOE Zero •source energy
Energy Ready Home limit
status •space
•Includes HERS rating conditioning
criteria
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR TYPE OF
CERTIFICATION MULTI- STANDARD OR MANAGING ISSUES / AREAS
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION ORGANIZATION OF FOCUS
SITES Multi-Attribute Third party Administered by •Performance
verified rating GBCI criteria in the
system for areas of:
development Water
projects located •Wildlife Habitat
on sites with or •Energy
without •Air Quality
buildings. •Human Health
•Outdoor
recreation
opportunities
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR MANAGING
CERTIFICATION MULTI- TYPE OF STANDARD OR ORGANIZATI ISSUES / AREAS OF
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION ON FOCUS
WELL Building Multi- •Performance based Administered Measures attributes
Standard Attribute standard and by the of buildings that
certification program International impact occupant
for WELL health by looking at
New and Existing Building seven factors: Air,
Buildings Institute™ Water, Nourishment,
•New and Existing (IWBI) Light, Fitness,
Interiors Comfort, Mind
•Core and Shell Retail
•Education Facilities
•Restaurant
•Commercial Kitchen
•Multifamily Residential
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING RATING SINGLE- OR TYPE OF
OR CERTIFICATION MULTI- STANDARD OR MANAGING ISSUES / AREAS OF
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION ORGANIZATION FOCUS
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
BCA Green Mark Multi-Attribute Benchmarking Building and •Rates buildings
Scheme scheme that aims Construction according to five key
(Singapore) to achieve a Authority criteria:
sustainable built (BCA) Energy efficiency
environment by •Water efficiency
incorporating best •Environmental
practices in protection
environmental •Indoor
design and environmental
construction, and quality, and
the adoption of •Other green and
green building innovative features
technologies. that contribute to
better building
performance.
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR MANAGING
CERTIFICATION MULTI- TYPE OF STANDARD ORGANIZATI ISSUES / AREAS
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE OR CERTIFICATION ON OF FOCUS
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
Beam Multi-Attribute Comprehensive Business •Performance
(Hong Kong) standard and Environme and assessment
supporting process nt Council in:
covering all building Site aspects
types, including mixed •Material aspects
use complexes, both •Water use
new and existing to •Energy use
assess, improve, certify, •Indoor
and label the environmental
environmental quality
performance of •Innovations and
buildings additions
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING RATING SINGLE- OR TYPE OF
OR CERTIFICATION MULTI- STANDARD OR MANAGING ISSUES / AREAS OF
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION ORGANIZATION FOCUS
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
BREEAM Multi- •Certification BRE •Assessment uses recognized
(UK, EU, EFTA Attribute system is a multi- Global measures of performance,
member states, EU tiered process with which are set against
pre-assessment, established benchmarks in:
candidates, as well
third-party Energy and water use
as the Persian •Internal environment (health
Gulf) consultant guidance
through an and well-being)
•Pollution
assessment
•Transport
organization for:
•Materials
New Construction •Waste
•Communities •Ecology and
•In Use Buildings •Management processes
and
•EcoHomes
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS

BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR TYPE OF
CERTIFICATION MULTI- STANDARD OR MANAGING ISSUES / AREAS
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION ORGANIZATION OF FOCUS
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
CASBEE Multi-Attribute •Building JSBC (Japan •Assessment
(Japan) assessment tools Sustainable areas include:
for Building Energy efficiency
Pre-design Consortium) and •Resource
•New its affiliated sub- efficiency
Construction committees •Local
•Existing Building environment,
and and
•Renovation •Indoor
environment
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS

BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR TYPE OF
CERTIFICATION MULTI- STANDARD OR MANAGING ISSUES / AREAS
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION ORGANIZATION OF FOCUS
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
EDGE Multi-Attribute A universal International •Assessment
standard and a Finance areas include:
certification Corporation Energy
system for (IFC), a member •Water
residential and of the World •Materials
commercial Bank Group
structures.
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR TYPE OF
CERTIFICATION MULTI- STANDARD OR MANAGING ISSUES / AREAS
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION ORGANIZATION OF FOCUS
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
Green Star SA Multi-Attribute •Green building Green Building •Categories
(South Africa) rating system for: Council of South assessed in:
Office Africa Management
•Retail administers •Indoor
•Multi-unit program Environmental
residential Independent Quality
assessors to •Energy
assess and score •Transport
projects •Water
•Materials
•Land Use &
Ecology
•Emissions
•Innovation
 SUMMARY OF GREEN BUILDING RATING AND
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS

BUILDING
RATING OR SINGLE- OR TYPE OF
CERTIFICATION MULTI- STANDARD OR MANAGING ISSUES / AREAS
SYSTEM ATTRIBUTE CERTIFICATION ORGANIZATION OF FOCUS
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
Pearl Rating Multi-Attribute •Green building Abu Dhabi •Assessment of
System for rating system for: Urban performance in:
Estidama Community Planning Integrated
(UAE) •Buildings Council Development Process
•Villas •Natural Systems
•Temporary Villas •Livable Communities
and Buildings •Precious Water
•Resourceful Energy
•Stewarding Materials
•Innovating Practice
Green Building rating systems….
LEED : Leadership in Energy Efficient
Design created by USGBC
USA, China, India, Brazil

BERDE
Philippines

Green Mark
Singapore

Green Star
Australia

BREEAM
UK & Europe
 LEED Additional Cost v/s Energy Efficiency

Upto 6.5 % Platinum >40%

Upto 2.11 % Gold 37%

Upto 1.82 % Silver 30%

Upto 0.66 % LEED Certified 18%

Additional Cost Energy saving

Source : USGBC capital E Sample size 33 LEED Rated Buildings in US
LEED rating system was developed by US Green Building Council
(LEED) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
Some green advocacy organizations:
a. World Green Building Council
b. World business Council for Sustainable Development
c. Clinton Climate Initiative
Criteria in 6 categories:
1. Sustainable sites
2. Water efficiency
3. Energy efficiency
4. Indoor-air quality
5. Materials and resources
6. Innovative design process
Credit to obtain LEED certification
Pre-requisites
1. Prevention of pollution caused by construction activities
(erosion control and sediment management);
2. Deployment of basic building energy systems;
3. Minimal energy performance;
4. Reduction of CFCs in HVAC equipment and fundamental
management of refrigerants and elimination of halon
gases (halogen bromide chemical compounds);
5. Collection and storage of recyclable materials;
6. Minimal performance in terms of interior air quality;
7. Control of ambient tobacco smoke.
 BD+C
Building Design and Construction
• Applies to buildings that are being newly
constructed or going through a major
renovation; includes New Construction, Core
& Shell, Schools, Retail, Hospitality, Data
Centers, Warehouses & Distribution Centers,
and Healthcare.
 ID+C
Interior Design and Construction
• Applies to projects that are a complete
interior fit-out; includes Commercial Interiors,
Retail and Hospitality.
 O+M
Building Operations and Maintenance
• Applies to existing buildings that are
undergoing improvement work or little to no
construction; includes Existing Buildings,
Schools, Retail, Hospitality, Data Centers, and
Warehouses & Distribution Centers.
 ND
Neighborhood Development
• Applies to new land development projects or
redevelopment projects containing residential
uses, nonresidential uses, or a mix. Projects
can be at any stage of the development
process, from conceptual planning to
construction; includes Plan and Built Project.
 Homes
• Applies to single family homes, low-rise multi-
family (one to three stories), or mid-rise multi-
family (four to six stories); includes Homes
and Multifamily Low rise and Multifamily
Midrise.
LEED works for groups of multiple
buildings
 Requirements
• Beginning in pre-design and continuing
throughout the design phases, identify and
use opportunities to achieve synergies across
disciplines and building systems described
below. Use the analyses to inform the owner’s
project requirements (OPR), basis of design
(BOD), design documents, and construction
documents.
 Energy-Related Systems
Assess at least two potential strategies associated with each of the following:

Site conditions
– Assess shading,
– exterior lighting,
– hardscape
– landscaping, and
– adjacent site conditions.
 Energy-Related Systems
Assess at least two potential strategies associated with each of the following:

• Massing and orientation

– Assess massing and orientation affect HVAC
sizing,
– energy consumption,
– lighting, and
– Renewable energy opportunities.
 Energy-Related Systems
Assess at least two potential strategies associated with each of the following:

Basic envelope attributes

– Assess insulation values,
– window-to-wall ratios,
– glazing characteristics,
– shading, and
– window operability.
 Energy-Related Systems
Assess at least two potential strategies associated with each of the following:

• Lighting levels.
– Assess interior surface reflectance values and
– lighting levels in occupied spaces.
 Energy-Related Systems
Assess at least two potential strategies associated with each of the following:

• Thermal comfort ranges.

– Assess thermal comfort range options.
 Energy-Related Systems
Assess at least two potential strategies associated with each of the following:

• Plug and process load needs.

– Assess reducing plug and process loads through
programmatic solutions (e.g., equipment and
purchasing policies, layout options).
 Energy-Related Systems
Assess at least two potential strategies associated with each of the following:

– Programmatic and operational parameters

– Assess multifunctioning spaces,
– operating schedules,
– space allotment per person,
– teleworking,
– reduction of building area, and
– anticipated operations and maintenance.
 Implementation:
Document how the above analysis informed design and building
form decisions in the project’s OPR and BOD and the eventual
design of the project, including the following, as applicable:

• Building and site program;

• Building form and geometry;
• Building envelope and façade treatments on different
orientations;
• Elimination and/or significant downsizing of building systems
(e.g., HVAC, lighting, controls, Exterior materials, interior
finishes, and functional program elements); and
• Other systems.
 Water-Related Systems

Perform a preliminary water budget analysis

before the completion of schematic design
that explores how to reduce potable water
loads in the building and accomplish related
sustainability goals.
 Water-Related Systems
Assess and estimate the project’s potential non-potable
supply sources and water demand volumes, including
the following:

•Indoor water demand.

–Assess flow and flush fixture design case demand
volumes, calculated in accordance with WE
Prerequisite Indoor Water-Use Reduction.
• Outdoor water demand.
– Assess landscape irrigation design case
demand volume calculated in accordance
with WE Credit Outdoor Water-Use
Reduction.
• Process water demand.
–Assess kitchen, laundry, cooling tower,
and other equipment demand
volumes, as applicable.
• Supply sources.

– Assess all potential non-potable water supply

source volumes, such as on-site rainwater and
graywater, municipally supplied non-potable
water, and HVAC equipment condensate.
 Implementation:
Document how the above analysis informed
building and site design decisions in the
project’s OPR and BOD. Demonstrate how at
least one on-site nonpotable water supply
source was analyzed to reduce the burden on
municipal supply or wastewater treatment
systems by contributing to at least two of the
water demand components listed above.
Demonstrate how the analysis informed the design
of the project, including the following, as
applicable:
• plumbing systems;
• sewage conveyance and/or on-site treatment
systems;
• rainwater quantity and quality management
systems;
• landscaping, irrigation, and site elements;
• roofing systems and/or building form and
geometry; and
• other systems.
STEPS TO LEED CERTIFICATION
 Points
The more points, the higher the reward. With LEED,
there are many rewards, ranging from healthier
spaces to buildings that save money and resources.

There are four levels of certification:

• Certified (40–49 points)
• Silver (50–59 points)
• Gold (60–79 points)
• Platinum (80+ points)
LEED for New Construction and Major
Renovations (v4)
Take your career to the next level
 Impacts of U.S. Buildings on Resources

• Buildings are responsible for…

• 40% primary energy use*

• 72% electricity consumption*
• 39% CO2 emissions*
• 13.6% potable water
consumption**
• Source: http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=1720
• * Environmental Information Administration (2008) EIA Annual Energy Outlook
• ** U.S. Geological Survey (2000). 2000 data.
 Perceived Business Benefits to Going Green

• Researches found…
• 8-9% operating cost decreases*
• 7.5% building value increases*
• 6.6% return on investment
improves*
• 3.5% occupancy rate increases*
• 3% rent ratio increases**
 CHOOSING GREEN MATERIALS
• Is It Site/Climate Appropriate (Availability)
• Is It Durable (Life Cycle, Maintenance, Wind
Resistant)
• Ease of Assembly (Avoid Cuts to Minimize
Waste)
• Is It Cost Effective
 CHOOSING GREEN MATERIALS

• Is It Resource Efficient
(Recycled/Reclaimed)
• Aesthetics
• Optimize Material Selections that
Provide Greater Energy Efficiency
 OTHER FEATURES
• No or Low VOC Paints &
Stains
• Regional Cabinetry
• Tankless Water Heaters
• PET Carpet, Bamboo,
Concrete
• Xeriscaping
 OTHER FEATURES
• James Hardie Siding
• Impasse Termite
Protection
• Sealed Combustion
Fireplace
• Dual Flush Toilets
• Low Flow Faucets &
Showers
 HEALTH
• Maintain Indoor Relative Humidity (35-
50%)
• Use Low or No VOC Paints, Stains &
Adhesives
• Use Easy to Clean Materials
• Use Certified Green Carpets
• Eliminate Garages from Conditioned
Spaces
LIMIT OR ELIMINATE VOC’S
• Low VOC & Low Odor
• Paints, Stains, Adhesives &
Sealants
• Flooring
• Green Seal Certification
• Garage Chemicals
 HVAC AND AIR INFILTRATION
• Choose High Efficiency
Equipment
• Use Programmable Thermostats
• Correct Ventilation
• Correct Sizing
• Correct Ducts
• Correct Sealing
GREEN BUILDING IN THE PHILIPPINES
GREEN BUILDING RATING SYSTEM
 BERDE
• Building for Ecologically Responsive
Design Excellence (BERDE)
Green Building Rating System
Established by the Philippine Green
Building Council (PHILGBC) I 2009.
Response to the Philippine building
industry’s need to proactively address
the negative impacts of climate
change.
 BERDE
Recognized as the
National Voluntary Green
Building Rating System
BERDE GREEN BUILDING RATING SYSTEM
\
\
\
\
\
 BERDE CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
• Submit the accomplished form to the Membership Committee
through email at membership@philgbc.org, along with the
following requirements:
– Letter of intent addressed to the Chair of the Membership
Committee;
– A copy of your first page of the Articles of
Incorporation from the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC);
– A copy of your current General Information Sheet (GIS);
– Copies of the company IDs of the Primary Contact and the
Corporate Representatives;
– Brief company profile, including products and services; and,
– A copy of the company’s green mandate or environmental
policy, if any.
IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
“sustainable development”
as development that “meets the needs of the
present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs.”
-UN World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987
 Reversibility Principle
• “do not commit the irrevocable.”

• Example: the choice of nuclear energy.

– Is the technology safe enough for widespread
use?
– How would a future society cope with the nuclear
waste from these plants?
END
 References
• Sustainable Construction: Green Building Design and Delivery by Charles j. Kibert, 2008
• https://www.ashrae.org/education
• http://www.hpbmagazine.org
• Grumman, David. What Makes Buildings High Performing.
• LEED
• BERDE
• DPWH
• http://www.ifma.org/resources/sustainability/
• http://architecture2030.org
• http://www.epa.gov/oaintrnt/projects/guidingprinciples.htm
• http://www.treehugger.com/green-architecture/proof-greenest-building-one-already-standing-
released-new-report-preservation-green-lab.html
• Burroughs, H. Managing Indoor Air Quality
• Morawska, L. Indoor Environment
• USEPA. Sick Building Syndrome.