Métodos de Descomposición en Economía Utilizando STATA

4ª Reunión Española de
Usuarios de STATA 2011
Métodos de descomposición en
Economía utilizando STATA
Raúl Ramos
AQR-IREA (Universitat de Barcelona) & IZA
Métodos de descomposición en Economía utilizando STATA
Estructura de la presentación
• Motivación y breve descripción de los principales métodos

de descomposición en economía (laboral).
• Revisión y discusión de los procedimientos existentes en

STATA.
• Algunos ejemplos a partir del análisis de los microdatos de

las Encuestas de Presupuestos Familiares 2006 y 2009.
Ficheros de datos: http://www.ine.es/prodyser/micro_epf2006.htm
Rutinas de STATA: http://www.raulramos.cat/stata2011
Motivación
• ¿Por qué los hombres tienen salarios superiores a los de las

mujeres?
• ¿Qué factores explican el crecimiento a lo largo del tiempo

en la desigualdad de la renta?
• ¿Por qué existen diferencias en el uso de las nuevas

tecnologías entre hombres y mujeres?
• Los economistas intentamos ofrecer respuestas a las

preguntas planteadas a través de la utilización de los
métodos de descomposición.
• Estos métodos se basan en las contribuciones de Oaxaca

(1973) y Blinder (1973), pero han tenido desarrollos
posteriores que han permitido ampliar el abánico de temas
susceptibles de ser analizados desde esta perspectiva.
Fortin, Lemieux, Firpo (2010), http://www.nber.org/papers/w16045

Oaxaca-Blinder
• Queremos explicar el salario (W) que recibe un trabajador/a

en función de su nivel de estudios (S) a través de la
estimación de un modelo de regresión (ecuación de Mincer):
WHi   H1   H 2  SHi  UHi WMi   M1   M 2  SMi  UMi
   
WM  WH  SMi  SHi  ˆH 2  ˆM1  ˆH1  SMi  ˆM 2  ˆH 2
     
 
explic ada no explic ada
(c arac terís tic as ) (c oefic ientes )
. bysort HOMBRE: sum LWAGE ANOSEST if LWAGE!=. & ANOSEST!=.
-> HOMBRE = 0
Variable Obs Mean Std. Dev. Min Max
LWAGE 9874 6.752326 .4520183 6.214608 8.006368

ANOSEST 9874 10.37543 4.111178 0 17
-> HOMBRE = 1
LWAGE 13746 6.999458 .4510732 6.214608 8.006368

ANOSEST 13746 9.967772 3.736099 0 17
. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST, by(HOMBRE) nodetail
Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620

Model = linear
Group 1: HOMBRE = 0 N of obs 1 = 9874
LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045491 1484.32 0.000 6.74341 6.761242
group_2 6.999458 .0038474 1819.25 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059579 -41.48 0.000 -.2588095 -.2354548
endowments .0232102 .0029963 7.75 0.000 .0173376 .0290828
coefficients -.2717751 .0051093 -53.19 0.000 -.2817891 -.2617611
interaction .0014328 .0005592 2.56 0.010 .0003367 .0025288
. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST, by(HOMBRE) nodetail

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045491 1484.32 0.000 6.74341 6.761242
group_2 6.999458 .0038474 1819.25 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059579 -41.48 0.000 -.2588095 -.2354548
endowments .0232102 .0029963 7.75 0.000 .0173376 .0290828
coefficients -.2717751 .0051093 -53.19 0.000 -.2817891 -.2617611
interaction .0014328 .0005592 2.56 0.010 .0003367 .0025288
. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) nodetail

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045494 1484.23 0.000 6.743409 6.761243
group_2 6.999458 .0038476 1819.17 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059583 -41.48 0.000 -.2588101 -.2354541
endowments -.0031307 .003501 -0.89 0.371 -.0099924 .0037311
coefficients -.2567434 .005005 -51.30 0.000 -.266553 -.2469337
interaction .0127419 .0014051 9.07 0.000 .009988 .0154958

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045494 1484.23 0.000 6.743409 6.761243
group_2 6.999458 .0038476 1819.17 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059583 -41.48 0.000 -.2588101 -.2354541
endowments -.0031307 .003501 -0.89 0.371 -.0099924 .0037311
coefficients -.2567434 .005005 -51.30 0.000 -.266553 -.2469337
interaction .0127419 .0014051 9.07 0.000 .009988 .0154958
. nldecompose, by(HOMBRE) threefold: regress LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2
Number of obs (A) = 13746

Number of obs (B) = 9874
Results Coef. Percentage
Omega = 1
Char -.0096113 -3.889115%
Coef .2440015 98.7332%
Int .0127419 5.155911%
Omega = 0
Char .0031307 1.266796%
Coef .2567434 103.8891%
Int -.0127419 -5.155911%
Raw .2471321 100%

. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) weight(0) nodetail

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045494 1484.23 0.000 6.743409 6.761243
group_2 6.999458 .0038476 1819.17 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059583 -41.48 0.000 -.2588101 -.2354541
explained -.0031307 .003501 -0.89 0.371 -.0099924 .0037311
unexplained -.2440015 .0050192 -48.61 0.000 -.253839 -.2341639
.
.
.
. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) weight(1) nodetail

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045494 1484.23 0.000 6.743409 6.761243
group_2 6.999458 .0038476 1819.17 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059583 -41.48 0.000 -.2588101 -.2354541
explained .0096113 .0034659 2.77 0.006 .0028181 .0164044
unexplained -.2567434 .005005 -51.30 0.000 -.266553 -.2469337
. bysort HOMBRE: sum OCUP
-> HOMBRE = 0
OCUP 28417 .3350459 .4720148 0 1
-> HOMBRE = 1
OCUP 27278 .5063788 .4999685 0 1
. nldecompose, by(HOMBRE) threefold: logit OCUP NATIVO SOLTERO EDAD NMIEM7
Number of obs (A) = 27278

Number of obs (B) = 28417
Results Coef. Percentage
Omega = 1
Char -.0082834 -4.8347%
Coef .1925912 112.4076%
Int -.0129749 -7.572933%
Omega = 0
Char -.0212584 -12.40763%
Coef .1796163 104.8347%
Int .0129749 7.572933%
Raw .1713328 100%

. fairlie OCUP NATIVO SOLTERO EDAD NMIEM7, by(HOMBRE) reference(1)
Iteration 0: log likelihood = -18905.449

Logistic regression Number of obs = 27278

LR chi2(4) = 3948.04
Prob > chi2 = 0.0000
Log likelihood = -16931.428 Pseudo R2 = 0.1044
OCUP Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]
NATIVO -.505698 .0577876 -8.75 0.000 -.6189595 -.3924364

SOLTERO -2.512533 .0469048 -53.57 0.000 -2.604464 -2.420601
EDAD -.0464858 .0011812 -39.35 0.000 -.048801 -.0441706
NMIEM7 -.477288 .0162986 -29.28 0.000 -.5092327 -.4453433
_cons 3.910227 .0934924 41.82 0.000 3.726985 4.093469
Decomposition replications (100)

1 2 3 4 5
.................................................. 50
.................................................. 100
Non-linear decomposition by HOMBRE (G) Number of obs = 55695

N of obs G=0 = 28417
N of obs G=0 = 27278
Pr(Y!=0|G=0) = .33504592
Pr(Y!=0|G=1) = .50637877
Difference = -.17133284
Total explained = .02125835
OCUP Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]
NATIVO .0006068 .0000883 6.87 0.000 .0004337 .0007799

SOLTERO .0249098 .0004716 52.82 0.000 .0239856 .0258341
EDAD -.0093371 .0003832 -24.37 0.000 -.010088 -.0085861
NMIEM7 .005099 .0002741 18.60 0.000 .0045618 .0056363
.
. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) weight(0)

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045494 1484.23 0.000 6.743409 6.761243
group_2 6.999458 .0038476 1819.17 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059583 -41.48 0.000 -.2588101 -.2354541
explained -.0031307 .003501 -0.89 0.371 -.0099924 .0037311
unexplained -.2440015 .0050192 -48.61 0.000 -.253839 -.2341639
explained
ANOSEST .0229593 .0029697 7.73 0.000 .0171387 .0287799
EXPPOT -.0454813 .0068799 -6.61 0.000 -.0589655 -.031997
EXPPOT2 .0193913 .0067165 2.89 0.004 .0062272 .0325554
unexplained
ANOSEST .1086091 .0159958 6.79 0.000 .0772579 .1399602
EXPPOT -.3237409 .0324256 -9.98 0.000 -.3872939 -.2601879
EXPPOT2 .2243474 .0191586 11.71 0.000 .1867972 .2618976
_cons -.253217 .0256104 -9.89 0.000 -.3034125 -.2030215

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045494 1484.23 0.000 6.743409 6.761243
group_2 6.999458 .0038476 1819.17 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059583 -41.48 0.000 -.2588101 -.2354541
. oaxaca LWAGE ESTPRIM ESTSEC EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) weight(0)

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045495 1484.18 0.000 6.743409 6.761243 Variable TER PRIM
group_2 6.999458 .0038477 1819.12 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059584 -41.48 0.000 -.2588105 -.2354538
explained .0076865 .003499 2.20 0.028 .0008286 .0145445 overall
unexplained -.2548186 .0049956 -51.01 0.000 -.2646099 -.2450274 group_1 6.752326 6.752326
explained group_2 6.9994581 6.9994581
ESTPRIM
ESTSEC
.032433
.0018083
.0032515
.001329
9.97
1.36
0.000
0.174
.0260602
-.0007966
.0388058
.0044131
difference -.24713211 -.24713211
EXPPOT -.0495804 .007483 -6.63 0.000 -.0642468 -.0349139 explained .00768652 .00768652
EXPPOT2 .0230256 .0079679 2.89 0.004 .0074087 .0386425 unexplained -.25481864 -.25481864
unexplained
ESTPRIM -.0650163 .0079946 -8.13 0.000 -.0806854 -.0493472 explained
ESTSEC -.0194887 .0028643 -6.80 0.000 -.0251025 -.0138748
EXPPOT -.250333 .0324129 -7.72 0.000 -.313861 -.1868049 ESTPRIM .03243298
EXPPOT2 .1663749 .0187925 8.85 0.000 .1295423 .2032075
_cons -.0863557 .0178037 -4.85 0.000 -.1212504 -.051461
ESTSEC .00180828 -.00164564
EXPPOT -.04958036 -.04958036
. EXPPOT2 .02302563 .02302563
ESTTER .03588689
. oaxaca LWAGE ESTSEC ESTTER EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) weight(0)
Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620 unexplained

Model = linear
Group 1: HOMBRE = 0 N of obs 1 = 9874 ESTPRIM -.06501626
Group 2: HOMBRE = 1 N of obs 2 = 13746 ESTSEC -.01948867 .0003023
EXPPOT -.25033295 -.25033295
LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval] EXPPOT2 .16637491 .16637491
overall ESTTER .02597285
group_1 6.752326 .0045495 1484.18 0.000 6.743409 6.761243 _cons -.08635567 -.19713574
group_2 6.999458 .0038477 1819.12 0.000 6.991917 7.006999
difference -.2471321 .0059584 -41.48 0.000 -.2588105 -.2354538
explained .0076865 .003499 2.20 0.028 .0008286 .0145445
unexplained -.2548186 .0049956 -51.01 0.000 -.2646099 -.2450274
explained
ESTSEC -.0016456 .0012091 -1.36 0.173 -.0040154 .0007241
ESTTER .0358869 .0027258 13.17 0.000 .0305444 .0412294
EXPPOT -.0495804 .007483 -6.63 0.000 -.0642468 -.0349139
EXPPOT2 .0230256 .0079679 2.89 0.004 .0074087 .0386425
unexplained
ESTSEC .0003023 .0024749 0.12 0.903 -.0045483 .0051529
ESTTER .0259728 .003221 8.06 0.000 .0196598 .0322858
EXPPOT -.250333 .0324129 -7.72 0.000 -.313861 -.1868049
EXPPOT2 .1663749 .0187925 8.85 0.000 .1295423 .2032075
_cons -.1971357 .0181032 -10.89 0.000 -.2326174 -.1616541
. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2 normalize(ESTPRIM ESTSEC ESTTER), by(HOMBRE) weight(0)
(normalized: ESTPRIM ESTSEC ESTTER)

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.752326 .0045497 1484.14 0.000 6.743409 6.761243
group_2 6.999458 .0038478 1819.08 0.000 6.991917 7.007
difference -.2471321 .0059586 -41.47 0.000 -.2588108 -.2354535
explained .0035228 .0035922 0.98 0.327 -.0035179 .0105634
unexplained -.2506549 .0049645 -50.49 0.000 -.2603851 -.2409247
explained
ANOSEST .0137584 .0019162 7.18 0.000 .0100027 .017514
EXPPOT -.0475207 .0071789 -6.62 0.000 -.0615912 -.0334502
EXPPOT2 .0207843 .0071965 2.89 0.004 .0066795 .0348892
ESTPRIM .0078755 .0009461 8.32 0.000 .0060212 .0097298
ESTSEC -7.80e-06 .000041 -0.19 0.849 -.0000882 .0000726
ESTTER .0086331 .0009322 9.26 0.000 .0068061 .0104601
unexplained
ANOSEST -.0840635 .0287433 -2.92 0.003 -.1403994 -.0277276
EXPPOT -.2490752 .0323043 -7.71 0.000 -.3123905 -.1857598
EXPPOT2 .1628606 .0193317 8.42 0.000 .1249712 .20075
ESTPRIM -.042871 .0072424 -5.92 0.000 -.0570659 -.0286761
ESTSEC -.0067038 .0015754 -4.26 0.000 -.0097915 -.0036161
ESTTER .025924 .0032397 8.00 0.000 .0195744 .0322736
_cons -.056726 .037474 -1.51 0.130 -.1301737 .0167216
. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) weight(0) model1(heckman, twostep select (OCUP= NATIVO SOLTERO ED
> (heckman, twostep select (OCUP= NATIVO SOLTERO EDAD NMIEM7))

Model = linear
overall
group_1 6.791242 .0201357 337.27 0.000 6.751776 6.830707
group_2 7.229495 .0103095 701.25 0.000 7.209289 7.249701
difference -.4382532 .0226215 -19.37 0.000 -.4825906 -.3939159
explained .011543 .0045549 2.53 0.011 .0026156 .0204704
unexplained -.4497963 .0221315 -20.32 0.000 -.4931733 -.4064193
explained
ANOSEST .0597605 .0039885 14.98 0.000 .0519432 .0675777
EXPPOT -.0694218 .0064712 -10.73 0.000 -.0821051 -.0567385
EXPPOT2 .0212043 .0035783 5.93 0.000 .0141911 .0282176
unexplained
ANOSEST .0335772 .0282256 1.19 0.234 -.0217441 .0888984
EXPPOT -.203953 .0403399 -5.06 0.000 -.2830176 -.1248883
EXPPOT2 -.0736814 .0267852 -2.75 0.006 -.1261793 -.0211834
_cons -.2057391 .0356934 -5.76 0.000 -.2756969 -.1357813
. nopomatch ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, outcome(LWAGE) by(HOMBRE) sd replace
*****************************************************************
***** Gap in ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2 decomposition
*****************************************************************
D =.03659748
D0 =.03749842
DM =-.00001405
DF =.00011499
DX =-.00100188
*****************************************************************
percM =.99636258
percF =.99817685
*****************************************************************
Calculating Standard Deviation
Std.error DO = .00072236
. nopomatch ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, outcome(WAGE) by(HOMBRE) sd replace
*****************************************************************
***** Gap in ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2 decomposition
*****************************************************************
D =.27070513
D0 =.28253065
DM =.00024646
DF =.0007391
DX =-.01281108
*****************************************************************
percM =.99636258
percF =.99817685
*****************************************************************
Calculating Standard Deviation
Std.error DO = .00692002
. rqdeco LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) qlow(0.1) qhigh(0.9) qstep(0.1) vce(boot) reps(2) noprint
Fitting base model
(bootstrapping ..)
Decomposition of differences in distribution using quantile regression

Total number of observations 23619
Number of observations in group 0 9873
Number of observations in group 1 13746
Number of quantile regressions estimated 100
The variance has been estimated by bootstraping the results 2 times
Decomposition of differences in distribution Effects of coefficients (discrimination)
.4
.4
.3
.35
Log wage effects
.2
.3
.1
0
.25
0 .2 .4 .6 .8 1
Quantile
.2
Total differential Effects of characteristics

Effects of coefficients 0 .2 .4 .6 .8 1
Quantile
. jmpierce2 est2006M est2006H est2009M est2009H, detail
Decomposition of individual differentials:
raw dif- quantity residual

ferential effect gap
Sample 1 -.2471187 .0095614 -.2566801

Sample 2 -.2531201 .0109148 -.2640349
Difference in (components of) differentials:
D E U
Total -.0060013 .0013535 -.0073548
Decomposition of difference in predicted gap:
E Q P QP
Total .0013535 -.0035803 .0076021 -.0026683
ANOSEST -.0039431 -.0071249 .0043113 -.0011295

EXPPOT .0078312 4.64e-06 .0078278 -1.29e-06
EXPPOT2 -.0025347 .0035399 -.004537 -.0015375
Decomposition of diffence in residual gap:
U Q P QP
Total -.0073548 .0050216 -.0104891 -.0018873
D = difference in differential
E = difference in predicted gap
U = difference in residual gap
Q = quantity effect
P = price effect
QP = interaction Q x P
Difference in (components of) differentials:
Métodos de descomposición en Economía utilizando
dD dE STATA
dC dEC
ANOSEST .0018548 -.0028438 .0057979 -.0010993

EXPPOT -.0785843 .0036177 -.0864155 .0042135
EXPPOT2 .020389 .0016642 .0229236 -.0041989
_cons .0503392 0 .0503392 0
. smithwelch est2006M est2006H est2009M est2009H, detail Total -.0060013 .0024382 -.0073548 -.0010847
Decompositions of individual differentials: Decomposition of difference in differentials:

Sample 1 D E C EC dE D E C EC
ANOSEST .1319002 .0229215 .1047036 .0042751 ANOSEST -.0028438 -.0060049 .0042832 -.0011221
EXPPOT -.3688332 -.0454705 -.3407522 .0173894 EXPPOT .0036177 7.52e-06 .0036108 -5.97e-07
EXPPOT2 .2435752 .019369 .2331294 -.0089233 EXPPOT2 .0016642 .0065639 -.0036595 -.0012401
_cons -.2537609 0 -.2537609 0 _cons 0 0 0 0
Total -.2471187 -.0031799 -.2566801 .0127413 Total .0024382 .0005665 .0042345 -.0023628
dC D E C EC
Sample 2 D E C EC
ANOSEST .0057979 .005077 .0006876 .0000333
ANOSEST .1337551 .0200777 .1105015 .0031758 EXPPOT -.0864155 -.0030433 -.0826341 -.000738
EXPPOT -.4474175 -.0418527 -.4271677 .0216029 EXPPOT2 .0229236 -2.87e-06 .0229268 -2.82e-07
EXPPOT2 .2639641 .0210333 .256053 -.0131222 _cons .0503392 0 .0503392 0
_cons -.2034218 0 -.2034218 0
Total -.0073548 .0020308 -.0086806 -.000705
Total -.2531201 -.0007417 -.2640349 .0116566
dEC D E C EC
Difference in (components of) differentials: ANOSEST -.0010993 -.00112 .0000281 -7.35e-06

EXPPOT .0042135 -2.88e-06 .004217 -6.97e-07
EXPPOT2 -.0041989 -.003024 -.0008775 -.0002974
dD dE dC dEC _cons 0 0 0 0
ANOSEST .0018548 -.0028438 .0057979 -.0010993 Total -.0010847 -.0041468 .0033676 -.0003054
EXPPOT -.0785843 .0036177 -.0864155 .0042135
EXPPOT2 .020389 .0016642 .0229236 -.0041989
_cons .0503392 0 .0503392 0 D = differential / difference in component of differential
E = part of D due to differences in endowments
Total -.0060013 .0024382 -.0073548 -.0010847 C = part of D due to differences in coefficients
EC = interaction E x C
Decomposition of difference in differentials:
dE D E C EC
ANOSEST -.0028438 -.0060049 .0042832 -.0011221

EXPPOT .0036177 7.52e-06 .0036108 -5.97e-07
EXPPOT2 .0016642 .0065639 -.0036595 -.0012401
_cons 0 0 0 0
Total .0024382 .0005665 .0042345 -.0023628
dC D E C EC
Síntesis
• Naturaleza de la variable: continua vs discreta

• Descomposición agregada vs detallada (identificación)
• Problemas de selección (Heckman vs Matching)
• Descomposición en la media o a lo largo de la distribución
(solo para variables continuas …)
• Comparación de las diferencias entre grupos a lo largo del
tiempo
oaxaca nldecompose fairlie nopomatch rqdeco

jmpierce2 smithwelch
Otros procedimientos de interés
• decompose, gdecomp, ldecomp
• dfl (di Nardo, Fortin, Lemieux, 1996 – Van Kerm, 2003)

• gfields (Fields, 2002)
• shapley (Shorrocks, 1999)
• search inequality
inequal, rspread, glcurve, descogini, ineqerr, kdensity,
akdensity, changemean, … y mucho más

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4ª Reunión Española de

Usuarios de STATA 2011

• Motivación y breve descripción de los principales métodos

• Revisión y discusión de los procedimientos existentes en

• Algunos ejemplos a partir del análisis de los microdatos de

• ¿Por qué los hombres tienen salarios superiores a los de las

• ¿Qué factores explican el crecimiento a lo largo del tiempo

• ¿Por qué existen diferencias en el uso de las nuevas

• Los economistas intentamos ofrecer respuestas a las

• Estos métodos se basan en las contribuciones de Oaxaca

Fortin, Lemieux, Firpo (2010), http://www.nber.org/papers/w16045

• Queremos explicar el salario (W) que recibe un trabajador/a

WHi   H1   H 2  SHi  UHi WMi   M1   M 2  SMi  UMi

Variable Obs Mean Std. Dev. Min Max

LWAGE 9874 6.752326 .4520183 6.214608 8.006368

Variable Obs Mean Std. Dev. Min Max

LWAGE 13746 6.999458 .4510732 6.214608 8.006368

. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST, by(HOMBRE) nodetail

Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620

LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST, by(HOMBRE) nodetail

Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620

LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) nodetail

Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620

LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) nodetail

Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620

LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

. nldecompose, by(HOMBRE) threefold: regress LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2

Number of obs (A) = 13746

Results Coef. Percentage

Raw .2471321 100%

. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) weight(0) nodetail

Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620

LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620

LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

. bysort HOMBRE: sum OCUP

Variable Obs Mean Std. Dev. Min Max

OCUP 28417 .3350459 .4720148 0 1

Variable Obs Mean Std. Dev. Min Max

OCUP 27278 .5063788 .4999685 0 1

. nldecompose, by(HOMBRE) threefold: logit OCUP NATIVO SOLTERO EDAD NMIEM7

Number of obs (A) = 27278

Results Coef. Percentage

Raw .1713328 100%

Iteration 0: log likelihood = -18905.449

Logistic regression Number of obs = 27278

OCUP Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

NATIVO -.505698 .0577876 -8.75 0.000 -.6189595 -.3924364

Decomposition replications (100)

Non-linear decomposition by HOMBRE (G) Number of obs = 55695

OCUP Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

NATIVO .0006068 .0000883 6.87 0.000 .0004337 .0007799

Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620

LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

. oaxaca LWAGE ANOSEST EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) nodetail

Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620

LWAGE Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval]

. oaxaca LWAGE ESTPRIM ESTSEC EXPPOT EXPPOT2, by(HOMBRE) weight(0)

Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition Number of obs = 23620