FOR DEMONSTRATION

POWER SUPPLY

• Consist of a step down transformer

• Steps down the voltage to 12 volts

• Evidence by high turn count of the primary

winding and low turn count of secondary
winding

• High voltage low current

 RECTIFIER
This step down voltage is converted to DC
using bridge rectifier

The diode bridge is an arrangement of four

diodes in a bridge circuit configuration

That provide same polarity of output for either

polarity of input i.e. ac-> dc
• The large gauge is used in secondary
winding due to the increase in current

• The primary winding which does not have to

conduct as much current may be of smaller
gauge wire
• For steady and smooth dc supply we need
full wave rectification

• Ripple are removed using a capacitive filter

• Ripples are small unwanted residual periodic

variation
 REGULATOR
• Then regulated to +5v using voltage
regulator
• The voltage regulator used here is of
78xxseries
• This voltage is den fed to microcontroller
• Input-> 5-18v
• Ground-0v
• Output-5v
BLOCK DIAGRAM
RECEIVER
TRANSMITTER
 MICROCONTROLLER
• The microcontroller used here is ATS9C2051
series
• It’s a low voltage high performance 8 bit
microcontroller
• Receives the track break from the vibrating
sensors
• And runs the display on d lcd module