Conditional =IF sentence

Conditional sentence is a sentence

you use to express about cause and
effect
Zero conditional (scientific and general truth, things
you can’t change, a fact, something that is always
true,rules, 100%
If-present simple, -present simple

For example:
If you boil water to 100C, it boils
If you wear a sunblock, you don’t get a tan
If you heat ice, it melts
It is easies to relax if you close your eyes
If water gets too cold, it freezes
“When” instead of “if”
It is not a real conditional sentences.
First conditionals (A present and future
situation of high probability)
If-present simple , - future simple

If mother knows, we’re in serious trouble.

If you study seriously, you’ll pass the test.
I see her quite often.
If I see her tomorrow, I will speak to her.
They are always late.
I will not let them in if they are late again.
 Second conditional (imaginary or
unreal situation)
If-past simple,- would do

if I won a lottery, I would buy a Ferrari.

If I became the president, I would make a lot of
changes.

Compare:
If I become the president, I will make a lot of
changes.
 Third conditional (Past, too late zero
possibility)
If past perfect, -would present perfect
If you had worn a sunblock, you wouldn’t have
gotten a tan.
If you hadn’t warned me, I would have told
mother about your test result.
 Use of “would” for politeness
if you follow me please, I’ll show you your room.
Special cases:
Imperatives-захирах, тушаах and request -хүсэлт in
conditional I
If you see John, please give him this book.
Could you give John this book please if you see
him?
If you aren’t busy, may I see you for a minute?
 Special cases
Use of “may”, “might”, “could”-reduce the certainty
of the action in that clause.
“May”- only conditional 0
‘Might’, ‘Could’- all three real conditional
Avoid using “should” instead of “will” or “would””
“When”- only use for zero conditional sentence
Compare (Conditional I)
If I see her tomorrow, I will speak to her. (there is no
doubt)
If I see her tomorrow, I may/might/could speak to
her. (there is some doubt)
Compare (Conditional II)
If they were late again, I would not let them in. (it is
sure)
If they were late again, I might not let them in. (it is
possible)
Compare (Conditional III)
If I had had some time last week, I would have
tidied up my office. (it is sure)
If I had had some time last week, I might/could
have tidied up my office. (it is possible)
 Common mistakes
Conditional I :
If you will come back tomorrow, I will give it to you
then.
Conditional II:
You would miss the bus if you wouldn’t leave
\didn’t leave \now
Conditional III:
No-one would have noticed if you wouldn’t have
said \hadn’t said\anything.
 Exercise: conditional I
• If you (go)_______ out with your friends
tonight, I (watch) __________the football
match on TV.
• I (earn)__________ a lot of money if
I (get)___________ that job.
• If she (hurry / not)____________ ,
we (miss) _____________ the bus.
 Exercise: conditional II
• If he (try) ____________harder,
he (reach) ____________ his goals.
• I (buy) ____________ these shoes if
they (fit)________ .
• It (surprise / not) __________ me if he(know /
not)___________________ the answer.
 Exercise: conditional III
• If we (listen)___________ to the radio,
we (hear)______________ the news.
• If you (switch) __________ on the lights,
you (fall / not) ______________ over the
chair.
• She (come) _____________ to our party if
she (be / not)_____________ on holiday.