BIOLOGY

TOPIC:CH4 (LIPIDS)

BY: MEERA ALVINA

:ALEYANA
:SHANNON
:NURIN NASUHA
:AMYLIA
 LIPIDS

 WHAT ARE LIPIDS?

;THEY ARE ESTERS OF LONG CHAIN FATTY ACIDS AND
ALCOHOLS
;LIPID DESCRIBES A CHEMICALLY VARIED GROUP OF FATTY
SUBS.AND ARE HIGHLY CONCERNTRATED ENERY STORES
;THEY ARE WATER-INSOLUBLE BIO-MOLECULES BUT SOLUBLE IN
ORGANIC SOLVENTS SUCH AS EITHER BENZENE AND CHLOROFORM
 TYPES OF LIPIDS
 THE MAIN TYPE OF LIPIDS ARE:

*FATS,OILS,WAXES,PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND STEROIDS.

*FATS AND OILS ARE TRIGLYCERIDES.

*IT IS FORMED THROUGH THE CONDENSATION OF

1 MOLECULE OF GLYCEROL AND 3 MOLECULES OF
FATTY ACIDS
 WAXES
 WAXES ARE FOUND ON THE CUTICLES OF LEAVES,FRUITS AND
SEED OF PLANTS.
 THEY ARE WATERPROOF,THUS PREVENTS THE ENTRY OF WATER
EVAPORATION.
 SEBUM THAT IS EXCRETED FROM OIL GLANDS CONTAINS WAX
WHICH SOFTENS OUR SKIN.
 PHOSPHOLIPIDS PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE FORMATION
OF PLASMA MEMBRANES.
 STEROIDS INCLUDES CHOLESTROL AND HORMONES SUCH AS
TESTOTERONE ,OESTROGEN AND PROGESTRONE
 FATS AND OILS

 FATS ARE SOLIDS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE WHILE

OILS ARE LIQUID

 FATS AND OILS ARE TRIGLYCEROIDS

 FATS OFTEN CONTAIN ONLY SATURATED FATTY

ACIDS WHILE OILS USUALLY CONTAIN UNSATURATED
FATTY ACIDS
 Two types of fats: saturated fats and unsaturated fats.
Comparison between saturated fats and unsaturated fats

SIMILARITIES
Both are triglycerides and contain fatty acids.

Saturated fats Unsaturated fats

Contains saturated fatty acids. Contains unsaturated fatty acids.

Do not have any double bonds between the carbon atoms. Have a least one double bond between the carbon
atoms.

Contains maximum number of hydrogen. Contains less than maximum number of hydrogen. It
still can take in hydrogen.

Solid at room temperature. Liquid at room temperature

Has a high melting point. Has a low melting point
Increases the cholesterol level in the blood. Decreases the cholesterol level in the blood.

Example: Animal fats such as butter. Example: Vegetable oil such as corn oil.
!!10 Q !!