SHEAR BEHAVIOUR OF BEAM

Priyana Rajbhandari
073/MSST/113
Diagonal cracks are the main mode of shear failure in reinforced concrete beams
located near the supports

There are high vertical forces at the support of beam that can cause the end of
beam to suddenly fail in shear. When the shear transfer capacity decreases, static
equilibrium cannot be maintained and relative displacement takes place.
 Shear force in RCC beam is resisted by following forces:
 Area of concrete in compression
 Aggregate interlocking
 Dowel action of longitudinal tensile reinforcement
 Shear reinforcement

Whenever the value of actual shear stress exceeds the design shear strength of the
concrete based on percentage of longitudinal tensile reinforcement (as per IS
code), shear reinforcement must be provided.
Section must be redesigned if the shear stress exceeds maximum shear strength of
concrete
Design overview of shear reinforcement:

Nominal shear stress,τv =𝑉𝑢

𝑏𝑑
(In beams of uniform depth)

=𝑉𝑢±𝑀𝑢(𝑡𝑎𝑛β)/𝑑
𝑏𝑑
(In beams of varying depth)
Where,
Vu = shear force due to design loads
b = breadth of rectangular beams
d = effective depth
Mu= bending moment at the section
β = angle between the top and the bottom edges.
Minimum shear reinforcement has to be provided even if τv is less than τc (design shear
strength of concrete). The amount of minimum shear reinforcement in the form of stirrups
shall be provided such that:

𝐴𝑆𝑣 0.4
≥
𝑏𝑆𝑣 0.87𝑓𝑦

where,
Asv = total cross-sectional area of stirrup legs effective in shear
sv = stirrup spacing along the length of the member
b = breadth of the beam
fy = characteristic strength of the stirrup reinforcement in N/mm2 which shall not be taken
greater than 415 N/mm2
The minimum shear reinforcement is provided for the following:

 Any sudden failure of beams is prevented if concrete cover bursts and the bond to the tension
steel is lost.

 Brittle shear failure is arrested which would have occurred without shear reinforcement.

 Tension failure is prevented which would have occurred due to shrinkage, thermal stresses and
internal cracking in beams.

 To hold the reinforcement in place when concrete is poured.

 Section becomes effective with the tie effect of the compression steel.
 Types of shear reinforcement:
• Stirrups perpendicular to beam axis
• Stirrups inclined (at 45° or more) to the beam axis
• Bent-up bars along with stirrups

The purpose of shear reinforcement is to prevent failure in shear, and to increase

beam ductility and subsequently the likelihood of sudden failure will be reduced.
The amount of shear reinforcement to be provided is determined to carry a shear force Vus.
Vus = Vu – τc bd

The strengths of shear reinforcement Vus for the three types of shear reinforcement are
(a) Vertical stirrups:
Vus= (0.87fyAsvd)/sv

(b) Inclined stirrups or series of bar bent up at different cross-section

Vus= (0.87fyAsvd)(sin𝛼+cos𝛼)/sv

(c) Single bar all bent up at same cross-section

Vus= 0.87fyAsvsin𝛼
THANK YOU