Operation and Maintenance of Urban Sewage System in Puducherry

(CPET 711 SUMMER TRAINING)

Undertaken at
PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENT –DRAINAGE SUB DIVISION, PWD, PUDUCHERRY
Part of the degree program of
MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY
in
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

Submitted by- Md Adim

Reg.No 16393001
1.INTRODUCTION
The summer training report entitled “Operation and Maintenance of Urban
Sewage System in Puducherry” is based on the work done during the 25 days
 Summer training at Drainage Sub-Division, Public Health Division, PWD, Puducherry
is the authority responsible for the sewage treatment in Urban area of Puducherry
The training provided knowledge acquisition of the operating and maintenance of
process, vitality and benefits of water treatment plants in the study area
1.1 Pondicherry City Profile

Pondicherry was under French occupation, became part of Indian union in 1954
Area Total (Km²) 492

Urban(Km²) 32.49
Urban Population 8.5 lakh (Census 2011)
Pondicherry Town About 160km south of Chennai between 11o 45’ and 12o 0’ N
Geographical location latitude and 79o 37’ and 79o 50’ E

Temperature Varying 26oc to 38oc with high grounds varying in elevation

between 30m to 45m in the northern part
Seismic risk zone Upgraded to Zone-3 by Bureau of IS3
(Moderate damage risk zone)
Water supply to UT 107.52 ltrs/capita/d and wastewater produced with the factor of
0.8
1.2 Objective

To study the working process of unit operation and process involved in sewage
treatment plant at Lawspet and Dubrayapet.
 To outline the working process at Lawspet and Dubrayapet categorizing the following.
 Underground sewage system
 Neural network arrangement
Sewage conveying arrangement
Different sewage treatment technologies like Oxidation pond, up flow anaerobic sludge
blanket reactor, Sequential batch reactor.
To study the working process of Sewage Treatment Plant site at Lawspet,
and 17 MLD Sequential Batch Reactor based Sewage Treatment Plant at Dubrayapet.
2. Organizational Profile

Public Works Department (PWD)

Function-Planning, Designing, Construction and Maintenance of Buildings, Roads,
Bridges, National Highways, Irrigation, Flood Control, Water Supply and Public Health
Engineering in all the four regions namely, Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam. The
Department is also responsible for maintaining essential services like Water Supply,
Sewerage, and Management of Water Resources etc
In order to facilitate the waste water management and maintance, the Puducherry town
is divided into different zones. By this classification the waste water from each zone is
diverted to the respective main pumping stations and then to the treatment units
accordingly
2.1 Conveyance systems - (Collection points Pump houses)

•Main pumping station, Kuruchikuppam.

•SPS pumping station, Lalbahadursastry Street, Puducherry.
•Drainage pumping station, Vambakeerapalayam, Puducherry.
•Drainage pumping station, Colas Nagar.
•Drainage pumping station, Debasanpet.
•Drainage pumping station, Gandhi Nagar.
•Drainage pumping station, Goubert Nagar.
•Drainage pumping station, Iyyanar Nagar.
•Drainage pumping station, Chettikulam.
Basic information of related components in STP system

1. Shift timing 6 am to 2 pm, 2 pm to 10 pm and 10 pm to 6 am

2. 40 sewer cleaner are employed for the regular maintenance of sewer lines and 30
casual labors for maintaining ponds
3. Network lines-main sewer lines laid in R.C. hume pipes of dia 1070 mm to 900 mm
and C.I. pipes of dia 600 mm
4. Pumps used with capacity of 180 ltrs/se (150 H.P), operation for 21 hrs/d
5. Generator set uses 400 KVA
6. 170 HP motor employed for sewage farm
2.2 List of pumping stations and capacity

Sl. No Pumping stations location Pump capacity HP No. Motor pumps

1 Sub Pumping Station, LalbahadurShastri street 50 3

2 Main Pumping Station, Kurichikuppam 150 4

3 Sub Pumping Station, Vambakeerapalayam 20 2

4 Sub Pumping Station, Colas Nagar 50 2

5 Sub pumping station, Debasanpet 50 2

6 Sub pumping station, Gandhi Nagar 50 2

7 Sub Pumping Station, Goubert Nagar 100 3

8 Sub Pumping Station, Iyyanar Nagar 50 3

9 Sub Pumping Station, Chettikulam 50 3

10 Sub Pumping Station, Suthanthiraponvizhanagar 50 3
11 Intermediate Pumping Station, Karuvadikuppam 170 4
3. Sewage treatment technologies adopted in Puducherry

3.1 STP site I (Lawspet)

 Oxidation ponds 4 Nos (12.5 MLD capacity) function Aerobic system
 UASB based STP followed by Duck weed ponds for secondary treatment (2.5MLD
capacity) function in anaerobic system
SBR with capacity of 17 MLD.
3.2 STP site II (Dubrayapet)
UASB based STP (2.5MLD capacity) function in anaerobic system
SBR with capacity of 17 MLD
3.3 STP site III (Kanaganeri near Gandhi Nagar)
Anaerobic system & SBR with capacity of 17 MLD
Fig.1 Systemic diagram of STP, Lawspet Fig.2 Systemic diagram of STP,Dubrayapet
3.4 Oxidation ponds

 Aerobic (high-rate)
ponds
 Anaerobic ponds
 Facultative ponds
 Maturation ponds

Fig.3 Oxidation ponds

3.5 Details of oxidation ponds
Number of Ponds 4 no’s
in STP I (Lawspet)
Total Capacity 62,870 cum
Depth of Water in Ponds 1.20m
Type of lining Cement lining
Size of ponds
Pond 1 150m X 75m
Pond 2 150m X 75m

Pond 3 107.5m X 67.8m + ½ X 75m

x75m
Pond 4 ½ (166+138) m X 108m +
½ X 125m X 54m
Retention time adopted 5 days
Functioning of Ponds In series

Treatment Capacity per day 15MLD (approx.)

3.6 Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor

 The main objective of sewage treatment is to correct characteristics of the sewage

such that the use or final disposal such that the use or final disposal of the treated
effluent can take place in accordance with the rules set by legislative bodies without
causing an adverse impact on the ecosystem of the receiving body
 Objectives of sewage treatment will always include the reduction of the
concentration of at least one of the four most important constituents of sewage
1. Suspended solids
2. Organic(biodegradable) material
3. Nutrient (notably nitrogen and phosphorus)
4. Pathogenies organism
3.7 Sequencing Batch Reactor

 These plants are very practical for a number of reasons

 It requires smaller space
 leads to smaller foot prints
 Low TSS values < 10 (mg/L) can be achieved through the use of effective decanters that
eliminate the need for a separate clarifier
 The treatment cycle can be adjusted to undergo aerobic, anaerobic, and anoxic
conditions in order to achieve biological nutrient removal, including nitrification,
denitrification, and some phosphorus removal. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) levels
of less than 5 mg/L can be achieved consistently
Fig. 4 Typical model of Sequential Batch Reactor
3.8 Common SBR characteristics

 Combine all of the treatment steps and processes into a single basin, or tank, whereas
conventional facilities rely on multiple basins. An SBR is an activated-sludge plant that
operates in time rather than space.
Basic treatment process
1. Fill-. The influent brings food to the microbes in the activated sludge, creating an
environment for biochemical reactions to take place
2. React- This phase allows for further reduction or "polishing" of wastewater
parameters. During this phase, no wastewater enters the basin and the mechanical
mixing and aeration units are on. Because there are no additional volume and
organic loadings, the rate of organic removal increases dramatically. Most of the
carbonaceous BOD removal occurs in the react phase.
Continue…

3. Settle- activated sludge is allowed to settle under no flow enters the basin and no
aeration and mixing takes place.
The activated sludge tends to settle as a flocculent mass, forming a distinctive interface
with the clear supernatant

Decanting unit
 4. Decant
•A decanter is used to remove the clear supernatant effluent. Once the settle phase is
complete, a signal is sent to the decanter to initiate the opening of an effluent-discharge
valve.
•Floating decanters maintain the inlet orifice slightly below the water surface to
minimize the removal of solids in the effluent removed during the decant phase
•Fixed-arm decanters are less expensive
5. Idle-This step occurs between the decant and the fill phases. The time varies, based
on the influent flow rate and the operating strategy. During this phase, a small amount of
activated sludge at the bottom of the SBR basin is pumped out—a process called wasting
3.9 SBR unit
(STP-II)
Some other remarkable things summarized in pictures …
CONCLUSION

•The treatment plants aid reduces pollutant load on the land and marine environment
and also preserve water
•The study helped in understanding the treatment systems using Sequential Batch
Reactor, which based on training it is evident that 17 MLD Sequential Batch Reactor
based Sewage Treatment plants for Pondicherry Urban area very advanced and high
performing technologies for sewage treatment.
•In a highly populated and developing country like India such high efficiency plants
will be more beneficial conserving water and at the same time recovery of nutrients
rich manure which can utilize at farming fields for growing non-edible crops like
cottons, wood etc.
Refrences

1. PWD -Drainage Division, Puducherry Sewage collection, distribution and treatment system.
2. CPHEEO manual on sewerage and sewage treatment
3. IS-456(1978) Plain and Reinforced concrete
THANK YOU