Phrases, Clauses and Jumbled Sentences

C L A SS
SPARK ENGLISH
WORKBOOK 5
LEARN PLAY PRACTICE
2
ENGLISH
PHRASES, CLAUSES &
JUMBLED SENTENCES
CLASS
5
Recommended time: 7 to 9 hours
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CONTENTS
1. SUBJECT AND PREDICATE 7
2. PHRASES 22
3. CLAUSES 40
4. JUMBLED SENTENCES 60
1 SUBJECT AND PREDICATE
SCAN HERE TO ENTER APP ZONE
7
SPARK
Every great legend begins with a spark
The bumblebee stung me!

Let us divide this into two parts:
The bumblebee …. …. stung me!
I am in great pain.
Let us divide this into two parts:
I …. …. am in great
pain.
What are the similarities between the two
parts of each sentence?
Divide this sentence into two parts:
My friends rushed to help

me!
Copyright © 2017-18 Winspark Innovations Learning Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved.
EXPLAIN
Observation is one of the greatest powers in
the universe
Hi kids, today we will learn about

subjects and predicates. We will learn
how to identify each of these within a
sentence.
At the end of the lesson, you will be

able to identify and apply both
subjects and predicates to a variety of
sentences!
1. Subjects
DEFINITION
The subject names someone or something.
The subject is the main noun of a sentence. It tells

you what the sentence is referring to.
Whether a person or an object, the subject generally

comes at the beginning of a sentence:
1. My dad changed the tire.

2. The girl danced wonderfully.
In the first sentence the subject refers to ‘dad’ as

the main noun. The remainder of the sentence explains
what he did.
In the second sentence the subject refers to the ‘girl’

as the main noun. The remainder of the sentence
explains how she danced.
Even though one sentence describes 'what' happened and

the other describes 'how', both must have a subject to
9
make sense.
II Predicates
DEFINITION
The predicate tells what the subject is or
what the subject does.
The predicate tells what the subject is or what the

subject does. It acts as the main verb in the sentence.
The predicate generally comes after the subject and

completes the sentence:
1. A dog barked loudly.
2. Mike played the guitar.
In the first sentence, the predicate refers to ‘barked’

as the main verb. The predicate tells us how the dog
barked.
In the second sentence, the predicate refers to

‘played’ as the main verb. It tells us what Jhus did.
(He played the guitar.)
Even with a subject, the sentences will not be complete

without a predicate.
In short, both a subject and predicate are required for

every sentence in order to make sense.
10
PRACTIC
E
Master what you have learnt
easy
1 Fill the concept box below:
a Definition (in your own Characteristics/Facts

words)
)
Subject
Examples Non-examples
b Definition (in your own Characteristics/Facts

words)
)
Predicate
2 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing the

appropriate word.
a The tells what the subject is or what the
) subject does.
subject predicate
b The names someone or something.

)
subject predicate
11
3 B U C K E T T H I S – Place the following nouns and verbs in
their respective buckets.
Lizzi caught is brother star Smarty

bumblebe
burned played I sounded wear
e
dog boy flapped slid teacher grandma
Subject Nouns Main Verbs
4 I D E N T I F Y I N G S U B J E C T a n d P R E D I C AT E
S E N T E N C E PA R T S :
A line has been drawn through the subject and the
a predicate. Fillthe
Lizzi caught in ball.
the boxes with the correct sentence
) parts: Lizzi + caught the ball.

Subject Predicate
b My brother is ten years old.

) +
Subject Predicate
c The star burned brightly.

) +
Subject Predicate
d The kite flew high in the sky.

) +
Subject Predicate
12
normal
5 F I N D t h e S U B J E C T - Find and underline the subject

in each sentence. Fill in the blank with the main
a noun:
Antelopes look very much like deer.
) Antelopes
b Most kinds of antelopes live in Africa.

)
c The gazelle and impala are two kinds of antelopes.

)
d The “pronghorn antelope” is not a real antelope.

)
e It lives in the Rocky Mountains of western America.

)
f The pronghorn stands three feet high and sheds its

) horns each year.
g True antelopes grow only one set of horns and keep

) them for their entire lives.
h An antelope has four stomachs, just like cows do.

)
13
6 FIND the P R E D I C AT E - Find and underline the
predicate in each sentence. Fill in the blank with the
main verb:
a Copper is an extremely important metal to humans.

) is
b It is considered a soft metal and can be easily

) shaped.
c Extremely thin wires are formed using copper.

)
d Ancient Egyptians started using it for ornaments

) and weapons over six-thousand years ago.
e Doorknobs, locks, and water pipes are just a few

) uses for copper.
f Miners dig deep into tunnels to reach the valuable

) copper.
g Copper and zinc mixed together form an alloy called

) brass.
14
7 FILL IN THE BLANKS - Circle the subject and
underline the predicate. Fill in the table correctly.
a The added lots of yummy spices to the

) soup.
cook likes
b My younger brother to eat bananas more

) than apples.
cook likes
c The squirrels up the large pine tree.

)
classmates raced
d) My presented their science report to

the teacher.
classmates raced
e had never seen a starfish before.

)
Daka resembled
f The cloud an elephant with super large

) ears!
Daka resembled
g Thomas Jefferson the Declaration of

) Independence.
I wrote
h stubbed my big toe!

)
I wrote
15
super
8 C O M P L E T E T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Supply a suitable
subject to each of the sentences below:
a threw the ball to the catcher.
)
b bounced high above her head.

)
c spilled all over the table.

)
d flew over our school during gym

) class.
e sounded amazing.
)
9 C O M P L E T E T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Supply a suitable
predicate to each of the sentences below:
a My sister, Lizzi,
)
b The little dog

)
c You
)
16
d The boy
)
e My teacher
)
10 M I X I T U P ! – Complete each sentence using either a

subject or a predicate:
a flapped its wings and started to

) fly.
b Daka
)
c slid safely into home plate.

)
d should always listen to their

) parents.
e Grandma and grandpa

)
17
olympiad
11 D I F F E R E N T I AT E B E T W E E N :
Subject VS Predicate
Example Example
12 I T ’ S Y O U R T U R N ! – Write your own sentences and draw a

line between each subject and predicate.
a
)
b
)
c
)
d
) 18
13 T H E S U B J E C T - P R E D I C A T E S T O R Y - Use about five
sentences to write a paragraph describing your
favorite hobby. When you’re finished, circle each
subject and underline each predicate:
19
SHARE
SHARE YOUR ACHIEVEMENTS!
I was supposed to learn:
What I actually learnt:
I am still confused about:
I rate myself:
20
ANSWERS
EASY OLYMPIAD
2. a) Predicate 12 Write your own sentences
b) Subject . and draw a line between
each subject and
3. a) Susan, brother, star,
Mike, I, bumblebee, predicate.
dog, boy, teacher,
grandma 13 Use about five sentences
. to write a paragraph
b) Caught, is, burned,
describing your favorite
played, sounded,
hobby. When you’re
wear, flapped, slid
NORMAL finished, circle each
subject and underline
5. a) Antelopes each predicate.
b) Antelopes
c) Gazelle, Impala
d) Pronghorn Antelope
e) It
f) Pronghorn
g) Antelopes
h) Antelope
6. a) Is
b) Is
c) Are
d) Started
e) Are
f) Dig
g) Form
7. a) Cook
b) Likes
c) Raced
d) Classmates
e) Ethan
f) Resembled
g) Wrote
h) I
SUPER
8. Supply a suitable
subject to each of the
9. given
Supplysentences.
a suitable
predicate to each of the
given sentences.
10 Complete each sentence
. using either a subject
or a predicate.
21
2 PHRASES
22
SPARK
Mrs. Roxy is a woman of great

intelligence.
Let us create two groups of words from this
sentence:
1 Mrs. Roxy is
2 Mrs. Roxy is a woman
Which one of the two will make complete

sense?
Do these groups of words make sense on their

own?
… under a tree.
To play chess…
23
EXPLAIN
the universe

phrases. We will learn how to identify a
phrase and the type of phrase used.

able to identify and apply different
phrases to a sentence.
1. Phrases
DEFINITION
A phrase is a group of words that makes
some sense but not complete sense.
A phrase does not contain a finite verb.
It may contain a non-finite verb such as an infinitive,

a participle, or a gerund.
A phrase never stands on its own.
Phrases come under the following groups:
Adjective Phrases
Adverb Phrases
Noun Phrases
24
II. Adjective Phrases
An adjective phrase acts as an adjective:
1. (adjective) We purchased a steel almirah.

2. (adjective phrase) We purchased an almirah made of
steel.
Both of these sentences describe the noun almirah.
The adjective in the first sentence was replaced by a

phrase in the second. This is how we know it is an
adjective phrase.
Adjective
X phrases must
My friend be placed
bought close
a table fromtoa the nouns
shopkeeper with four
they describe.
✔
legs.
My friend bought a table with four legs from a
III. Adverb Phrases
shopkeeper.
An adverb phrase acts as an adverb:
1. (adverb) She acted foolishly.

2. (adverb phrase) She acted in a foolish manner.
Both of these sentences describe the verb acted. They

each tell how she acted.
The adverb in the first sentence was replaced by a

phrase in the second sentence. This is how we know it
is an adverb phrase.
III. Noun Phrases
A noun phrase acts as a noun:
1. (noun phrase) I love reading comics.

2. (noun phrase) To understand people is very difficult.
In the first sentence, the noun phrase answers the

question ‘love what?’ This means it takes the place of
the object of a verb. The object of a verb can only be
a noun. This is how we know it is a noun phrase.
In the second sentence, the phrase takes the place of

the subject, which can only be a noun.
Since both phrases act as nouns, they are called noun

25
phrases.
PRACTIC
E
easy
1 FILL THE CONCEPT BOX BELOW:

words)
)
Phrases
2 P H R A S E R U L E M A T C H U P – Match the phrase forms

with their rules:
Adjective describes an
a) 1.
Phrase action
acts as an
2.
adjective
must be placed
close to the
b) Adverb Phrase 3.
noun it
describes
4. acts as a noun
acts as a
c) Noun Phrase 5. subject or an
object
acts as an
6.
adverb
26
3 P H R A S E o r C L A U S E - Determine if the words given
are adjectives, adverbs, or nouns. Fill in the correct
answer:
a steel b abroad c comics

) ) )
d carefully e fearless f people

) ) )
g cruel h courageously i paint

) ) )
27
normal
4 IDENTIFYING ADJECTIVE PHRASES - Find and

underline the adjective phrase in each sentence. Fill
in the blank with the noun each describes:
a A young girl with a smiling face greeted me at the

) door. girl
b This is a question of great importance.

)
c The king wore a crown made of gold.

)
d We flew over a hill covered with snow.

)
e A friend in need is a friend indeed.

)
f The news given by you is quite alarming.

)
g We had to walk along a path full of thorny bushes.

)
28
5 C R O S S W O R D ! - Read the clues and solve the
crossword by choosing the given word that can replace
the phrase in each sentence:
popular honourable memorable Indian
profession
witty woollen promising
al
Across
2. In winter we wear
clothes made of wool.
4. Captain Spark was a
man of honour.
6. 15th August is a day
to be remembered.
8. Handicrafts made in
India are in great
demand in western
countries.
Down
1. Cricket is a sport liked by many people in I
3. Dhoni is a cricketer by profession.
5. Saina Nehwal is a badminton player of great
promise.
7. Tenali Raman was a man of great wit.
6 IDENTIFYING ADVERB PHRASES - Find and
underline the adverb phrase in each sentence. Fill in
the blank with the verb each describes:
a Our army fought in a brave manner.

) fought
29
b His honesty and sincerity paid him in the long run.
)
c There were no fast moving vehicles in those days.

)
d She played the guitar with great skill.

)
e We are leaving in a short while.

)
f We waited for the result with great eagerness.

)
7 C R O S S W O R D ! - Read the clues and solve the

crossword by choosing the given word that can replace
the phrase in each sentence:
wholeheartedly punctually everywhere
loudly undoubtedly frequently
Across
2. The boys complained
against the monitor again
and again.
4. I shall support you with
all my heart.
6. The captain called the
goalkeeper in a loud voice.
Down
1. Hariprasad Chaurasia is
without doubt a great flute
player.
3. You should always reach the
school in time.
5. These soft drinks are
available at all places. 30
I D E N T I F Y I N G N O U N C L A U S E S - Find and underline
8
the noun clause in each sentence. Fill in the blank
with the form each noun clause takes:
a To come late is bad.

) subject of a
verb
b She hopes to win the top position.

)
c Interfering in others’ affairs is objectionable.

)
d Acting in movies is highly rewarding.

)
e I enjoy going on long walks.

)
f Do you mind waiting a little?

)
g Helping one’s neighbours is good.

)
h To err is human.
)
31
super
9 C O R R E C T T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Replace the underlined

adjectives with adjective phrases:
a I was given a responsible job.
)
b The principal raised some important issues.

)
c Gold is a very valuable metal.

)
d The atmosphere was gloomy.

)
e The road was muddy.

)
f It is difficult to write a humorous story.

)
10 I M P R O V E T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Add a suitable adjective

phrase after the underlined words:
a We have purchased a house…

)
b My father gave me a book…

)
32
c I saw a little girl…
)
d The guard waved a flag…

)
e She was wearing a necklace…

)
f Tagore was a poet…

)
11 C O R R E C T T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Replace the underlined

adverbs with adverb phrases:
a We should bear our troubles patiently.

)
b They treated us kindly.

)
c Do not answer hastily.

)
d We greeted the guests cheerfully.

)
e I heartily thank you for your kind help to me.

)
f God is present everywhere.

)
33
12 IMPROVE THE SENTENCE!– Write a suitable noun
phrase on the blank:
a is you own responsibility.

)
b Would you like ?

)
c has become our national hobby.

)
d The best course is .

)
e All of them were interested in .

)
f in eighty days was thought to be

) impossible.
34
olympiad
13 C O R R E C T T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Rewrite these sentences

by placing the adjective phrase in the correct position:
a I want a young man to work in my office of good

) character.
b A box was left at the railway platform full of

) clothes.
c Wanted a nurse for a baby twenty years old.

)
d A chair was placed near the window with a broken

) leg.
e I met a man in the street of great wealth.

)
f They built a theatre for five hundred people 30

) m long.
14 M I X E D S E N T E N C E S ! – Determine which kind of phrase

should be used, then rewrite the sentence with a
suitable phrase:
a is no longer impossible.
)
35
b Put these boxes .
)
c That car is mine.

)
d The girl is my cousin.

)
e The patient is .
)
f She bought a book .

)
15 M I X E D S E N T E N C E C O N V E R S I O N ! – Determine which
kind of phrase was used, then rewrite the sentence
replacing the phrase with an adjective, adverb, or noun:
a Satisfying customers is a great art.

)
36
b We have shifted to a house overlooking the
) river.
c We are now fed up with waiting for the guests.

)
d This programme will be implemented step by step.

)
e This book may be lying somewhere upstairs.

)
f The chief minister interacted with several young

) people.
37
SHARE
I rate myself:
38
ANSWERS
EASY
SUPER
2. a) 2, 3
b) 1, 6 9. Replace the underlined
c) 4, 5 adjectives with
adjective phrases.
3. a) Adjective 10 Add a suitable adjective
b) Adverb . phrase after the
c) Noun underlined words.
d) Adverb 11 Replace the underlined
e) Adjective . adverbs with adverb
f) Noun phrases.
g) Adjective 12 Write a suitable noun
h) Adverb . phrase on the blank.
i) Noun
NORMAL OLYMPIAD
4. a) Girl
b) Question 13 Rewrite these sentences
c) Crown . by placing the adjective
d) Hill phrase in the correct
e) Friend 14 position.
Determine which kind of
f) News . phrase should be used,
g) Path then rewrite the
sentence with a suitable
6. a) Fought phrase.
b) Paid 15 Determine which kind of
c) Were no fast moving . phrase was used, then
d) Played rewrite the sentence
e) Are leaving replacing the phrase
f) Waited with an adjective,
adverb, or noun.
7. 2A: Frequently
4A: Wholeheartedly
6A: Loudly
1D: Undoubtedly
3D: Punctually
5D: Everywhere
8. a) Subject of a verb
b) Object of a verb
c) Object of a
preposition
d) Object of a
preposition
e) Object of a
preposition
f) Object of a verb
g) Subject
h) Subject
39
3 CLAUSES
40
SPARK
… who owns great wealth.
Does this sentence have a subject and a
verb?
Can this sentence stand independently?
… wearing a blue shirt…

,,, who is wearing a blue shirt…
Do these sentences have a subject and a
verb?
Can these sentences stand independently?
41
EXPLAIN
the universe

clauses. We will learn how to identify
a clause and the type of clause used.

able to identify and apply different
clauses to a sentence.
1. Clauses
DEFINITION
A clause is a group of words that forms
part of a sentence and has a subject and a
finite verb of its own.
A clause has only one finite verb in it.
If a sentence has only one finite verb in it, it means

that it is made up of only one clause.
Unlike a phrase, a clause can sometimes stand on its

own. If it does, it means that it is also a sentence.
If it does not, it must be part of a longer sentence
made up of two or more clauses.
Clauses come under the following groups:
Adjective Clauses
Adverb Clauses
Noun Clauses
42
II. Adjective Clauses
An adjective clause will always describe a noun:
1. (adjective phrase) The boy wearing a blue shirt is my

brother.
2. (adjective clause) The boy who is wearing a blue shirt
Both of these sentences describe the noun boy.
is my brother,
The first uses the non-finite verb, wearing. This is why it

is classified as an adjective phrase.
The second has a subject, who, and a finite verb, is

wearing. It also answers the question ‘which boy?’ This is
how we classify it as an adjective clause.
An adjective clause is usually introduced by the words who,

whose, whom, which and that.
III. Adverb Clauses

An adverb clause always modifies a verb:
1. (adverb phrase) On his return home, Simba found the house

burgled.
2. (adverb clause) When he returned home, Sunil found the
Both of these sentences describe the verb found.
house burgled.
The first sentence has no infinite verb, so it is an adverb

phrase.
The second has a subject, he, and a finite verb, returned,

so it is an adverb clause.
An adverb clause tells something about the action mentioned

in another clause. It may tell the time, place or manner of
the action.
Adverb clauses are usually introduced by the following

words:
43
Time: when, whenever, before, after, till, since, as
soon as, while, as
Place: where, wherever
Cause or Reason: because, since, as
Effect, Result or Consequences: so…that, such…that
Purpose: so that, that, lest
Condition: if, unless
Concession or Contrast: though, although…yet, even if,
even though
Comparison: as…as, so…as, than
Manner: as, as if
I V. N o u n C l a u s e s
A noun clause usually acts as the subject, object or
complement of a verb, or the object of a preposition, an
infinitive or a participle:
1. (noun phrase) He expected to pass.
2. (noun clause) He expected that he would pass.
Both of these sentences answer the question ‘expected what?’

This means they are the object of the verb expected.
The first sentence expresses an incomplete meaning and does

not have a finite verb. Therefore, it is a phrase.
The second has a subject, he, and a finite verb, would pass.
This is how we classify it as a noun clause.
A noun clause is usually introduced by the word that, but

may also be introduced by question words like why, what,
how, etc. A noun phrase can also be introduced by if or
whether.
44
PRACTIC
E
easy
1 FILL THE CONCEPT BOX BELOW:

words)
)
Clauses
2 F I L L M E U P - Fill in the blanks by choosing the

appropriate word.
a A is a group of words that forms part of a
) sentence and has a subject and a finite verb of its
own.
clause stand finite
b A clause has only one verb in it.

)
clause stand finite
c A clause can sometimes on its own.

) stand finite
clause
d An clause will always describe a noun.

) adjective noun
adverb
45
e An clause always modifies a verb.
) adjective noun
adverb
f A clause usually acts as the subject,

) object or complement of a verb, or the object of a
preposition, an infinitive or a participle:
adverb adjective noun
3 I N T R O D U C I N G A D J E C T I V E S ! - Find the given

introductory words for adjective clauses from the
following maze of letters.
who whose
whom which
that
4 C L A U S E R U L E M A T C H U P – Match the clause forms

with their rules:
tells something
Adjective about the action
a) 1.
Clause mentioned in
another clause
always describes
2.
a noun
46
acts as the
subject, object
or complement of
a verb, or the
b) Adverb Clause 3.
object of a
preposition, an
infinitive or a
participle
answers a
4.
question
always modifies
c) Noun Clause 5.
a verb
may tell the
time, place or
6.
manner of the
action
5 I N T R O D U C I N G A D V E R B S ! - Find the given
introductory words for adverb clauses from the
whenever wherever
because that
unless since
6 P H R A S E o r C L A U S E - Find and circle the finite verb

(if any) and then determine if the words given are
a phrases or
to clauses:
pass b that he would pass
) PHRASE ) PHRASE
CLAUSE CLAUSE
c who is wearing a d wearing a blue

) blue shirt ) shirt
PHRASE PHRASE
CLAUSE CLAUSE
47
e on his return home f when he returned
) PHRASE ) PHRASE home
CLAUSE CLAUSE
7 I N T R O D U C I N G N O U N S ! - Find the given

introductory words for adverb clauses from the
why what
if whether
how that
48
normal
8 IDENTIFYING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES - Find and

underline the adjective clause in each sentence. Fill
in the blank with the noun or pronoun each qualifies:
a All that glitters is not gold.

) All
b People who have never seen a play on the stage have

) missed a great experience.
c A red Indian who looked tired and hungry slowly

) walked to the cottage.
d You have taught me a lesson which I shall never

) forget.
e You must reward the student whose essay had been

) judged the best.
f People who have a strong will power are not

) discouraged by their misfortunes.
49
9 I D E N T I F Y I N G A D V E R B C L A U S E S - Find and
underline the adverb clause in each sentence. Fill in
the blank with the verb each modifies:
a When his son was old enough, he took him to a

) school. took
b If you look at the positive side of a misfortune,

) it will stop troubling you.
c The child decided to speak the truth even if his

) father might scold him.
d Although he had to face many hardships, he did not

) lose heart.
e A dog is often used as a detective because it has a

) strong sense of smell.
f As soon as the battle was over, Red Cross people

) rushed to help the wounded soldiers.
50
10 I D E N T I F Y I N G N O U N C L A U S E S - Find and underline
the noun clause in each sentence. Fill in the blank
with the form each noun clause takes:
a You should remember that you have to reach the hall

) on time. object of a
verb
b I wondered why the bell was constantly ringing.

)
c I assure you that everyone will get justice.

)
d The poet could not understand what the song meant.

)
e Now we know why it is important to brush the teeth

) every day.
f How the prisoner escaped is a mystery.

)
51
super
11 I M P R O V E T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Supply suitable
adjective clauses on the blanks below:
a All the passengers had a narrow
) escape.
b We should not forget those brave soldiers

) .
c Water should be boiled and filtered.

)
d Such books should be read again and

) again.
e I would like to lay down my life for the country

) .
f The trick made the shopkeeper

) angry.
12 C O N V E R T T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Replace each underlined

adjective phrase with an adjective clause:
a The train going to Patna got delayed because of

) The train which was going to Patna got delayed
fog.
because of fog.
b Students sitting on the last benches were not
) very attentive.
52
c This book deals with the problems of a cinema
) artiste’s life.
d Is this the way to treat an innocent child?

)
e I still remember the joys of my childhood.

)
f All the books lying on that shelf are written by

) Tagore.
13 I M P R O V E T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Supply suitable adverb

clauses on the blanks below:
a The question papers will be distributed

) .
b She was respected .

)
c We reached the school .

)
d The child did not feel afraid .

)
e Lizzi can dance better .

)
f It was so dark .
)
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14 C O N V E R T T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Replace each underlined
adverb phrase with an adverb clause:
a In spite of being very rich, she is not proud.

) Although she is very rich, she is not proud.
b On her way home, she met an old friend.

)
c He could not attend my brother’s wedding because

) of his illness.
d At sunset they returned to their hotel.

)
e What will you do in case of not being selected

) for this job?
f He acted according to instructions.

)
15 I M P R O V E T H E S E N T E N C E ! – Supply suitable noun

clauses on the blanks below:
a is an open secret.
)
b Do you know ?
)
c We wondered .
)
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d is quite possible.
)
e She believed .
)
f Nobody could explain .

)
16 CONVERT THE SENTENCE! – Replace each

underlined noun phrase with a noun clause:
a I was happy to know of his success.

) I was happy to know that he had succeeded.
b I know your liking of western music.

)
c All of us prayed for our team’s victory.

)
d She expected to get an A in every subject.

)
e I hope to get a prompt reply.

)
f Are you certain of the success of this campaign?

)
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olympiad
17 MIXED SENTENCE CONVERSION – Determine which

kind of phrase has been used, then rewrite the sentence
with the correct clause:
a I am certain of his attending the meeting.
)
b He acted according to instructions.

)
c Tell me the meaning of this word.

)
d We were startled by the noise made by our car.

)
e Nobody should expect to become successful

) without hard work.
f People living in the countryside usually enjoy

) good health.
56
18 M I X E D S E N T E N C E C O N V E R S I O N ! – Determine which
kind of clause has been used, then rewrite the
sentence with an adjective, adverb, noun, or phrase:
a A man who is sincere and hardworking needs no

) recommendation.
b After the gardener had mown the lawn, he trimmed

) the bushes.
c They are sure that I am loyal.

)
d The doctor admitted that he was helpless.

)
e He had to regret the decision that he took in

) haste.
f He stayed at home because he was ill.

)
57
SHARE
I rate myself:
58
ANSWERS
EASY OLYMPIAD
2. a) Clause 17 Determine which kind of
b) Finite . phrase has been used,
c) Stand then rewrite the
d) Adjective sentence with the
e) Adverb correct clause.
f) Noun 18 Determine which kind of
4. a) 2, 4 . clause has been used,
b) 1, 5, 6 then rewrite the
c) 3, sentence with an
6. a) PHRASE adjective, adverb, noun,
b) CLAUSE or phrase.
c) CLAUSE
d) PHRASE
e) PHRASE
f) CLAUSE
NORMAL
8. a) All
b) People
c) Red Indian
d) Lesson
e) Student
f) People
9. a) Took
b) Will stop
c) Decided
d) Did not lose
e) Used
f) Rushed
10 a) Object of a verb
. b) Object of a verb
c) Object of a verb
d) Object of a verb
e) Complement of a verb
f) Subject of a verb
SUPER
11 Supply suitable
. adjective clauses on the
blanks given.
12 Replace each underlined
. adjective phrase with an
adjective clause.
13 Supply suitable adverb
. clauses on the blanks
14 given. each underlined
Replace
. adverb phrase with an
adverb clause.
15 Supply suitable noun
. clauses on the blanks
given.
16 Replace each underlined
. noun phrase with a noun
clause.
59
4 JUMBLED SENTENCES
60
SPARK
Which of these is the correct sentence?
Drinking cup third is Roxy coffee her!

Roxy is drinking her third cup of coffee!
Third Roxy her drinking coffee is cup!
How will the meaning change between the

following 2 sets of sentences?
I love to go outside with my friends!

She loves to go outside with her friends!
61
EXPLAIN
the universe
Hi kids, today we will learn how to

unjumble words and sentences. We will
learn how to identify key parts of a
sentence in order to unjumble the rest.

able to identify and unjumble even the
most confusing of sentences!
1. IDENTIFYING KEY WORDS
DEFINITION
The key to unscrambling a sentence is to
find key words such as the subject, main
verb, and objects.
Generally, the easiest key part of a sentence to find first

is the main verb. The subject is usually determinable once
you have the main verb.
Let’s give it a try:
drinking cup third is Roxy coffee her!
If you look closely, ‘is’ is only one verb among these

words. This means that is must be the main verb of the
sentence. Upon looking closer, you will notice that there is
another word in the jumble which is likely to be a part of
the main verb. That is the word ‘drinking’. We now know that
the main verb is ‘is drinking’.
Now that we know what the main verb is, we can find the
beginning portion of the sentence, the subject. The nouns
present in this sentence jumble are ‘Roxy’, ‘cup’ and ‘her’.
62
The pronoun her must come after the noun Roxy so it cannot
be the subject.
At this point we can ask the question, ‘What/who did
the action?’ In this case we could ask ‘What/who is
drinking?’
The only nouns we have left are ‘cup’ and ‘Roxy’. It

does not make sense for a cup to be drinking as a cup
cannot drink. Therefore, the subject must be ‘Roxy’.
At this point we know the beginning of the sentence,

‘Roxy is drinking’. The remainder of the sentence can
be determined with logic. What is Roxy drinking? The
only object which makes sense is coffee. Roxy is
drinking coffee.’ Now we know the subject, main verb,
and direct object.
Roxy is Thecoffee,
drinking rest isofjust
her trial
third and
cup.error. We
can try a is
Roxy couple of ways
drinking herto put cup
third themoftogether
coffee. here:
Once the subject, main verb, and direct object are

found, the rest usually comes together quickly through
II Sequence of Sentences
trial and error!
Figuring out the order of sentences can be difficult.
There are a number of useful tips to follow which help
make things easier:
1 Figure Out the Topic
If you notice certain words or phrases repeated in more

than one of the sentences, it may give a hint toward
2 topic
the Properof Nouns
the paragraph.
If someone’s name is at the beginning of one of the

sentences, there is a high chance that is the first
sentence in the paragraph. Pronouns such as he or she
3 Words to Look Out For
will come after the proper noun.
63
Sentences starting with words like that, this, these,
or those will never be the first sentence in a
paragraph.
Aside from proper nouns, there are a few words that indicate
the first sentence in a paragraph. Words such as first or
but have a very high chance of being at the beginning of the
first sentence in the paragraph.
Sentences that are in the middle of the paragraph may start

with words such as next, then, however, etc.
Ending sentences may start with words like hence, finally,

or therefore.
64
PRACTIC
E
Set 1
1 Fill the concept box below:

words)
)
Subject
b Definition (in your own Characteristics/Facts

words)
)
Object
c Definition (in your own Characteristics/Facts

words)
)
Verb
65
2 R I G H T O R W R O N G ? - Put a ✔ next to correct sentences
and a ❌ next to wrong sentences.
a) I like eating an orange every day.

b) Was the there ant in a cake.
c) I like to use an umbrella when it rains.
d) There silence room was in a the absolute.
e) On the a was standing boy street.
f) I like to rise an horse.
3 S U B J E C T - V E R B P L A C E M E N T - Circle the subject or

main verb shown in each sentence. Draw a line from the
subject/verb in (parenthesis) where it should be
placed in the sentence:
a) Captain Spark a brilliant captain!
(is)
b) Arrived at school.
(Lizzi)
c) Tomorrow, Daka will an ice cream. (buy)
d) Zoka his bike to school. (rode)
e) The was packed with people.

(restaurant)
f) Most love to eat chocolate!

(children) 66
4 MIXED PLACEMENT - Circle the subject and
underline the main verb in each sentence. Place the
correct word in each sentence, then determine if it is
an adjective, adverb or article:
a Roxy loves drinking bitter coffee.
) bitter a lovely
adjective
b The bride was wearing a dress.

) bitter a lovely
c May I have glass of water, please?

) bitter a lovely
d) Keep ear to the ground!
strong an quickly
e The deer scurried away.

) strong an quickly
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f Jhus’ father picked up the rock
) easily.
strong an quickly
g The frog jumped away.

) green the carefully
h) old man is very wise!
green the carefully
i I will stack the dishes.

) green the carefully
5 J U M B L E D W O R D S - Follow the guidelines below to

unscramble these jumbled sentences!
1. Separate the words into ‘nouns’, ‘verbs’, ‘objects’,

and ‘other’.
2. Find the main verb. (What is happening?)
3. Find the subject noun. (Who/what is it happening to?)
4. Find any direct and indirect objects. (What is the
subject acting on?)
68
5. Put the rest together.
a coffee | is | cup | drinking | Roxy | her | of | third
) Separate the words into ‘nouns’, ‘verbs’, ‘objects’,

1.
and ‘other’.
cup, coffee, Roxy, her is drinking
nouns/objects verbs
third, of
others

(Someone/something) is drinking (something)

Coffee is drinking (Does not make sense.)
Cup is drinking (Does not make sense.)
Roxy is drinking (Does make sense.)
4. FindRoxy
any is
direct and indirect
drinking her (Doesobjects.
not make(What is the
sense.)
subject acting on?)
Roxy is drinking cup (Does not make sense).
Roxy is drinking coffee (Does make sense.)
Cup her third of (Her third cup makes sense.)

Of? (Of coffee)
Roxy is drinking her third cup of coffee! (Correct!)
69
b fun | very | is | unscrambling | sentences

1.
and ‘other’.
nouns/objects verbs
others

subject acting on?)
70
c Lizzi | this | to | ran | school | morning

1.
and ‘other’.
nouns/objects verbs
others

subject acting on?)
71
d bird | me | the | flew | scary | towards

1.
and ‘other’.
nouns/objects verbs
others

subject acting on?)
72
6 JUMBLED WORDS PRACTICE (SIMPLE
S E N T E N C E S ) - Use what you’ve learned to unscramble
these simple sentences! (You may use a separate paper
to write the steps.)
a store | around | the | convenience | corner | the | is
)
b home | went | Pemba | just | now

)
c this | has | fun | question | been

)
d) chess | game | play | let’s | a | of
e eating | I | like | ice cream

)
f morning | was | feeling | sick | this | Simba

)
7 JUMBLED WORDS PRACTICE (COMPOUND

SENTENCES) - Use what you’ve learned to
unscramble these compound sentences! (Remember that
a compound sentence contains two sets of subject
nouns and main verbs.)
a for | Diva | she | dance | appreciative | the |
) continued | found | her | very | audience
73
b light | decided | off | the | match | call | the |
) umpires | poor | found | the | to | and
c is | speaks | Hindi | he | but | Japanese | Daka |

) fluently | birth | by
d) the | him | the | and | charges | judge | found |

acquitted | frivolous
e not | I | read | have | it | poem | thrice | least |

) understood | but | this | at | I | have
f to | switched | went | light | off | Lizzi | sleep |

) and | the
8 D I F F I C U L T J U M B L E S ! - Use what you’ve learned to

unscramble these tough jumbled sentences!
a two | compound | sentences | subjects | have | they |

) because | harder | are
b ice cream | bought | did | buy | not | but | an | a |

) milkshake | Lizzi | she
74
c breakfast | then | Daka | eat | his | will | to |
) school | go
d) you | reading | you | completed | one | if |

successfully | this | set | have | then | are
75
Set 2
1 B U C K E T T H I S – Place the following words in their

respective buckets.
Lizzi he that finally Pemba
this therefore however these she
then those next first hence
First Sentence Middle Sentence
Last Sentence Never the First

Sentence
2 S E N T E N C E S E Q U E N C I N G - Determine the sequence of

these sentence pairs and number them:
a 1 It is bright during the day.

) 2 It is dark at night.
b I went downstairs and ate breakfast.

) I woke up at 6:30 a.m.
76
c Lizzi wondered if it was raining.
) It was not raining when she checked.
d) The rain had just stopped.

We were not sure if we should risk going outside.
3 G U I D E D S E Q U E N C I N G - Determine the sequence of

these sentence pairs by following the guidelines
below:
1. Words such as first or but have a very high

chance of being at the beginning of the first
sentence in a paragraph.
2. Words such as next, then, and however will never
be at the beginning of the first sentence in a
a First, you add flour.
paragraph.
) Next, you add salt and baking powder.
b The entire dish will be altered!

) But if you change the ingredients you will have
something new.
c Then, she sat next to Daka.
) Lizzi went into the classroom.
d Smarty was ready for the test.

) However, Naughty was not ready at all!
77
4 FIND the OPENING SENTENCE! - Find and
underline the opening sentence of the paragraph from
each set based on the following guidelines:
1. If someone’s name is at the beginning of one of

the sentences, there is a high chance that is the
first sentence in the paragraph.
2. Sentences starting with words like that, this,
these, or those will never be the first sentence
in a paragraph.
3. Words such as first or but have a very high
chance of being at the beginning of the first
a He ran up the steps and entered the school building.
sentence in the paragraph.
) Simba is excited for class!
Finally, the bell rang and everyone went to their
classes!
After greeting his friends, he waited patiently for
b That tree would look like a dot.
the bell to ring.
) Those houses would look so small.
Everything looks tiny to a hawk!
There's plenty to see from a hawk's perspective.
c Finally, we colour in the picture!

) After that, we choose our colours.
First, we draw the lines.
Next, we shade the lines in again.
d) Simba said he has not seen any coffee.

Roxy looked for coffee.
Her coffee ran out.
She asked Simba if he has seen any.
78
5 F I N D t h e C L O S I N G S E N T E N C E ! - Find and
underline the closing sentence of the paragraph from
each set based on the following guidelines:
1. Ending sentences may start with words like hence,

finally, or therefore.
2. Sentences starting with words like first, next,
then, however, etc., are never the closing
sentences.
a Four apples plus three apples make seven.
) Two apples and three apples make five.
Therefore, we now have seven apples.
Five apples minus one apple is four.
b Finally, we place it in the oven.

) After this, we mix in the wet ingredients.
Then, we add salt and baking soda.
First, we add flour.
c Humans are one of the wildest animals out there.

) Hence, we should look after our planet.
Lions and tigers are not the worst of them.
All types of dangerous animals live in the wild.
d) Therefore, she called the school and said he would

stay home today.
Simba is feeling sick today.
He has the flu and feels weak.
His mother is worried about him.
79
6 T H R E E S E N T E N C E S E Q U E N C I N G - Use what you’ve
learned to place the three given sentences in the
correct order:
a First they played with toys.

) Later, they ate a snack.
Daka went to Lizzi's house.
b Tomorrow it will be Tuesday.

) After that, it will be Wednesday.
Today is Monday.
c He said that he doesn't know.

) Pemba looked for Roxy.
She asked Daka if he knew where she was.
80
d) I doubt anyone would want to live there!
Antarctica is very cold.
The sun shines for a very short time.
7 F O U R S E N T E N C E S E Q U E N C I N G - Use what you’ve

learned to place the four given sentences in the
correct order:
a There it was!
) He looked in the cockpit.
He thought he left it on his desk.
Captain Spark is looking for his helmet.
b Women like to shop for clothes and shoes.

) However, men tend to shop for tools and equipment.
Whether you are a man or a woman, most of us still love
to buy things!
People love to go shopping.
81
c It's got everything a child needs.
) It has lots of toys and papers to write on.
The students love it.
The classroom looks great.
d) This week he forgot to go there.

Fortunately, his mother had already bought some for
him!
He goes to buy some every Friday.
Zoka loves to eat ice cream.
82
8 F I V E S E N T E N C E S E Q U E N C I N G - Use what you’ve
learned to place the five given sentences in the
correct order:
a After this, they will buy an ice cream.
) Finally, they will all go home.
Simba loves playing with Lizzi in the park.
Then, they will play on the slide.
First, they will play on the swings.
b After that, they played with his toys.

) Then, she let him eat a snack.
Finally, her parents came home.
First, she took him to the park.
Ammu looked after her little brother yesterday.
83
c After watching their prey, they wait for the perfect
) moment.
Tigers are very patient animals.
Finally, they strike!
They can sit still for hours waiting for their prey.
When a deer or some other creature appears, they will
watch them closely.
9 SIX SENTENCE SEQUENCING - Use what you’ve

learned to place the six given sentences in the
correct order:
a The baby penguin's name was Pengi.
) Pengi was a very lucky penguin!
Once upon a time, there was a baby penguin.
His mum was very good at catching fish for him.
Pengi loved to swim.
However, his favourite thing to do was to slide down a
hill of ice.
84
Set 3
1 MIXED THREE SENTENCE SEQUENCING - Use

what you’ve learned to unjumble the three given
sentences, then rewrite them in the correct order:
a shower | sing | the | sometimes | I | | in

)
to | love | I | | sing
together | sometime | should | sing | we
b likes | talking | with | | Pemba | Simba

)
he | class | looks | her | always | after | for
is | funny | very | | she
85
c a | joey | called | kangaroo | baby | a | is
)
really | have | they | back | legs | strong
amazing | creatures | kangaroos | are
d watch | these | to | children | days | love |

) television
playing | would | over | them | choose | TV | of |

outside | some
healthier | much | to | play | outside | it | is
86
2 M I X E D F O U R S E N T E N C E S E Q U E N C I N G - Use what
you’ve learned to unjumble the four given sentences,
then rewrite them in the correct order:
a we | after | swimming | will | go | this
)
north | will | we | drive | | first
we | finally | a | will | | have | barbecue
park | then | the | car | will | we
b baseball | to | play | love | I

)
is | too | fun | running | quite
come | should | you | play | too
enjoy | batting | the | I | most
87
c he | us | to | tries | trick
)
Spark | Captain | to | he | is | always | mean
to | should | we | him | listen | not
Drago | very | bad | is
d these | you | hope | questions | enjoying | I | are

)
hard | quite | of | them | are | some
do | you | can | it
I | you | though | know | are | smart
88
3 M I X E D F I V E S E N T E N C E S E Q U E N C I N G - Use what
you’ve learned to unjumble the five given sentences,
then rewrite them in the correct order:
a he | checks | Simba | on | then

)
Spark | on | checking | Captain | is | the | children
Jhus | he | on | checks | lastly
first | checks | he | Lizzi | on
on | he | next | Smarty | checks
89
b back | pat | yourself | on | the
)
keep | up | it
you | so | are | smart
have | read | you | completed | can | the | final | if

| then | this | you | set
here | on | getting | congratulations
90
SHARE
I rate myself:
91
ANSWERS
SET 1 8. a) Compound sentences 7. a) Captain Spark is

are harder because looking for his
2. a) RIGHT they have two helmet. He thought he
b) WRONG subjects. left it on his desk.
c) RIGHT b) Lizzi did buy an ice- He looked in the
d) WRONG cream but not a cockpit. There it
e) WRONG milkshake. was!
f) RIGHT c) Daka will eat b) People love to go
4. a) Bitter, adjective breakfast and then go shopping. Women like
b) Lovely, adverb to school. to shop for clothes
c) A, article d) If you are reading and shoes. However,
SET then
this, 2 you have men tend to shop for
d) An, article
e) Quickly, adverb 1. a) successfully
Lizzi, Pemba, first tools and equipment.
f) Strong, adjective b) completed
He, setshe,
however, one! Whether you are a man
g) Green, adjective then, next or a woman, most of
h) The, article c) Finally, therefore, us still love to buy
i) Carefully, adverb hence things!
d) That, this, these, c) The classroom looks
2. a) 1, 2
great. It's got
5. a) Roxy is drinking her those
b) 2, 1
third cup of coffee. everything a child
c) 1, 2
b) Unscrambling needs. It has lots of
d) 2, 1
sentences is very toys and papers to
fun. 3. a) 1, 2 write on. The
c) Lizzi ran to school b) 2, 1 students love it.
this morning. c) 2, 1 d) Zoka loves to eat ice
d) The scary bird flew d) 1, 2 cream. He goes to buy
4. a) Simba is excited for 8. a) Simba loves playing
6. a) towards
The me!
convenience store some every week on
with Lizzi in the
is around the corner. class! Friday. This week he
park. First, they
b) Pemba went home just b) There's plenty to see forgot to go there.
will play on the
now. from a hawk's Fortunately, his
swings. Then, they
c) This question has perspective. mother had already
will play on the
been fun! c) First, we draw the bought some for him!
5. a) Therefore, we now slide. After this,
d) Let’s play a game of lines.
have seven apples. they will ask to buy
chess. d) Roxy looks for
b) Finally, we place it an ice cream.
e) I like eating ice- coffee.
in the oven. Finally, they will
cream. c) Hence, we should look all go home.
7. f)
a) Simba was feeling
Diva continued her after our planet. b) Ammu looked after her
sick
dance for morning.
this she found d) Therefore, she called little brother
her audience very the school and said yesterday. First, she
appreciative. he would stay home took him to the park.
b) The umpires found the today. Then, she let him eat
light poor and 6. a) Daka went to Lizzi's a snack. After that,
decided to call off house. First, they they played with his
the match. played with toys. toys. Finally, her
c) Daka speaks Hindi Later, they ate a parents came home.
perfectly but is snack. c) Tigers are very
Japanese by birth. b) Today it is Monday. patient animals. They
d) The judge found the Tomorrow it will be can sit still for
charges frivolous and Tuesday. After that, hours waiting for
acquitted him. it will be Wednesday. their prey. When a
e) I have read the poem c) Pemba looked for deer or some other
at least thrice but I Roxy. She asked Daka creature appears they
have not understood if he knew where she will watch them
it. was. He said that he closely. After
f) Lizzi switched the doesn't know. watching their prey
light off and went to d) Antarctica is very they wait for the
sleep. cold. The sun shines perfect moment.
for a very short Finally,92
they strike!
time. I doubt anyone
would want to live
there!
ANSWERS
3. a) Captain Spark is
9. Once upon a time there checking on the
was a baby penguin. The children. First, he
baby penguin's name was checks on Lizzi.
Pengi. Pengi loved to Then, he checks on
swim. However, his Simba. Next, he
favourite thing to do checks on Smarty.
was to slide down a hill Lastly, he checks on
of ice. His mum was very Jhus.
good at catching fish b) Congratulations on
for him. Pengi was a getting here! If you
very lucky penguin! can read this then
SET 3 you have completed
the final set. You
1. a) I love to sing. I are so smart. Keep it
sing in the shower up! Pat yourself on
sometimes. We should the back.
sing together
sometime.
b) Simba likes talking
with Pemba. She is
very funny. He always
looks for her after
class.
c) Kangaroos are amazing
creatures. They have
really strong back
legs. A baby kangaroo
is called a joey.
d) Children love to
watch television
these days. Some of
them would choose TV
2. a) First, we will drive
over playing outside.
north. Then, we will
It is much healthier
park the car. After
to play outside.
this, we will go
swimming. Finally we
will have a barbecue.
b) I love to play
baseball. I enjoy
batting the most.
Running is quite fun
too. You should come
play too!
c) Drago is very bad. He
is always mean to
Captain Spark. He
tries to trick us. We
should not listen to
him!
d) I hope you are
enjoying these
questions. Some of
them are quite hard.
I know you are smart,
though. You can do
it! 93
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these phases are embodies into STEPS – Spark,
Think, Explain, Practice and Share!
SHARE Reflect, summarise & share
PRACTICE Apply the knowledge
EXPLAIN Observe & Analyse
THINK Explore through activities & games
SPARK Generate curiosity
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Each PlanetSpark workbook has been designed by our expert
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1. SUBJECT AND PREDICATE 7

SCAN HERE TO ENTER APP ZONE

The bumblebee stung me!

The bumblebee …. …. stung me!

Divide this sentence into two parts:

My friends rushed to help

Hi kids, today we will learn about

At the end of the lesson, you will be

The subject is the main noun of a sentence. It tells

Whether a person or an object, the subject generally

1. My dad changed the tire.

In the first sentence the subject refers to ‘dad’ as

In the second sentence the subject refers to the ‘girl’

Even though one sentence describes 'what' happened and

The predicate tells what the subject is or what the

The predicate generally comes after the subject and

In the first sentence, the predicate refers to ‘barked’

In the second sentence, the predicate refers to

Even with a subject, the sentences will not be complete

In short, both a subject and predicate are required for

1 Fill the concept box below:

a Definition (in your own Characteristics/Facts

b Definition (in your own Characteristics/Facts

2 F i l l m e u p - Fill in the blanks by choosing the

b The names someone or something.

Lizzi caught is brother star Smarty

Subject Nouns Main Verbs

) parts: Lizzi + caught the ball.

b My brother is ten years old.

c The star burned brightly.

d The kite flew high in the sky.

5 F I N D t h e S U B J E C T - Find and underline the subject

b Most kinds of antelopes live in Africa.

c The gazelle and impala are two kinds of antelopes.

d The “pronghorn antelope” is not a real antelope.

e It lives in the Rocky Mountains of western America.

f The pronghorn stands three feet high and sheds its

g True antelopes grow only one set of horns and keep

h An antelope has four stomachs, just like cows do.

a Copper is an extremely important metal to humans.

b It is considered a soft metal and can be easily

c Extremely thin wires are formed using copper.

d Ancient Egyptians started using it for ornaments

e Doorknobs, locks, and water pipes are just a few

f Miners dig deep into tunnels to reach the valuable

g Copper and zinc mixed together form an alloy called

a The added lots of yummy spices to the

b My younger brother to eat bananas more

c The squirrels up the large pine tree.

d) My presented their science report to

e had never seen a starfish before.

f The cloud an elephant with super large

g Thomas Jefferson the Declaration of

h stubbed my big toe!

b bounced high above her head.

c spilled all over the table.

d flew over our school during gym

b The little dog