AIRCRAFT DESIGN PROJECT- I

DESIGN OF 250 – SEATER PASSENGER

AIRCRAFT

Submitted by
SK NAGUL MEERA (16101121)
C DEEKSHITH REDDY (16101111)
 INTRODUCTION

• A passenger aircraft is a aircraft designed for transporting groups of people

from one place to another based on long range and short range in a short
period of time saving the time for many people.

• Passenger aircraft is also capable of carrying payload up to a certain limit

which includes luggage of the people travelling.
 AIM
• My aircraft is passenger aircraft

• My Target engine is turbofan engine with maximum thrust

• The main objective of this project is to develop 250– seater passenger

aircraft which is cost efficient and more capacity to load.

• We choose this aircraft to study the aircraft performance in day to day life
transport.
 GRAPH PARAMETER
S.NO Design Parameters SI units Values AS Units Values
1 Cruise Speed Km/hr 890 Miles/hr 553.0
2 Aspect Ratio 9 9
3 Empty Weight Kilogram 124000 Pounds 273373.205

4 Gross Weight Kilogram 180477 Pounds 397885.4

5 Thrust To Weight Ratio 0.175 0.175

6 Wing Loading Kg/m2 570 Lb/ft2 116.745

7 Thrust Produced KN 320 lbf 71938.862
8 Max. Speed Km/hr 920 Miles/hr 571.661
9 Service Ceiling Meter 12900 Miles 8.015
10 Rate of Climb m/s 12.5 Feet/min 2460.63
11 Stall Velocity Km/hr 24 Miles/hr 14.9129
12 Range Km 1890 Miles 1174.392
13 Endurance Min 102 Min 102
14 Take off Distance Meter 3000 Miles 1.8641
15 Landing Distance Meter 2000 Miles 1.2427

16 Finest Ratio 11 11
 MISSILE PROFILE

PHASES:
0-1 - Engine Start & Warm up 6 - 7 - Descent
1-2 - Taxing 7 - 8 - Landing, Taxi, Shutdown
2-3 - Take off
3-4 - Climb
4-5 - Cruise
5-6 - Loitering
 WEIGHT ESTIMATION
 The maximum take off weight is taken as 397885.4lbs , then we
calculated the weight estimation of our aircraft.
 The weight of the aircraft depend on the passengers and other facilities
unavailable in the aircraft
 We estimated Empty weight and Finally, the result are obtained.

PARAMETERS SI UNIT IMPERIAL UNIT (lbs)

(Kg)

WTO, Take-off Weight 180477 397883.677

WF, Fuel Weight 51418.0970 113357.5

WE, Empty Weight 100384.287 221309.471

 ENGINE SELECTION & THRUST
REQUIRED
• The preferable choice of engine, from the above, would be Rolls-Royace
AE 3007 engine is selected.

• It gives 34KN of thrust.

• Our passenger aircraft is equipped with Twin turbofan engines and also it
meets our thrust required calculation 68KN which also suits our demand of
weight and power.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Rolls-Royce AE 3007 ENGINE

• Thrust (lb) : 32000

• Specific Fuel Consumption

((lb/h)/lbf) : 0.38

• Bypass Ratio :5:1

• Overall Pressure Ratio : 23

• Overall Length (in) : 115.08

• Approximate Fan Diameter (in) : 38.5

 WING AND TAIL SECTION SELECTION

• Monoplane design was selected since it reduce weight of aircraft and more
lift is generated compared to other wing configuration.

• Swept back wing design configuration was selected since it reduce drag,
make aircraft more stable and produce more lift distribution

• Low wing configuration was selected to carry passenger with less

disturbance of aircraft.

• Vertical tail configuration was selected with vertical stabilizer mounted at

the middle of horizontal stabilizer
 AEROFOIL AND HIGHLIFTING DEVICE

AEROFOIL:
• Section used at the mean aerodynamic chord –RYAN BQM-34 FIREBEE
WING AIRFOIL
• The section used at the tip NASA/LANGLEY RC-10(N)1 AIRFOIL
• The section used at the root GIII BL 45 AIRFOIL
• CLmax = 0.816
• CLmaxAvailable = 0.7344

HIGH LIFT DEVICE:

• Single slotted flap is selected for high lifting device.
• CLmaxRequired (takeoff) = 1.7475
• CLmaxRequired (landing) = 1.8555
 LANDING GEAR & FUSELAGE

FUSELAGE:

• Semi-monocoque fuselage is selected which most commonly used structure

in modern passenger aircaft

LANDING GEAR:

• Tri-cycle type retractable landing gear has been selected for my passenger
aircraft.
 LIFT & DRAG ESTIMATION

• The lift and drag estimation for various condition was calculated.
• The values are given below.

CONDITION LIFT (N) DRAG (N)

TAKE OFF 14016.8908 9226.111

CRUISE 1246177.79 42880.200

LANDING 1552907.3 54195.011

 CLIMB HODOGRAPH

• In a hodograph the line, joining the origin to a point on the curve, has the
length proportional to the flight velocity (V(R/C)max) and the angle this line
makes to the horizontal axis (V∞- axis) is the angle of climb (γ).
• This becomes evident when it is noted that V(R/C)max and V∞ are the
components of the flight velocity (V).
 GLIDE HODOGRAPH

• Similarly, a glide hodograph is obtained when horizontal velocity V is plotted on

the x-axis and the rate of sink V is plotted on the y-axis.
• It gives complete information about glide performance at an altitude especially,
𝜃min, V𝜃min, (R/S) min, V(R/S) min, 𝜃(R/S) min
3 VIEW DIAGRAM
 RESULT
WEIGHT

PARAMETERS SI UNIT (Kg) IMPERIAL UNIT (lbs)

Take-off Weight (WTO) 97666 215316.658

Fuel Weight (WF) 31789.306 70083.4231

Empty Weight (WE) 51617.111 113796.2451

ENGINE TYPE

• Rolls-Royce AE 3007 engine is selected and it gives 34 KN of thrust.

• It is turbofan engines equipped with 2 engines

• It meets our thrust required calculation 68 KN

WING TYPE

• Swept back wing with dihedral monoplane configuration mounted as a low wing.
AIRFOIL CHOSEN

• Section used at the mean aerodynamic chord- RYAN BQM-34 FIREBEE WING
AIRFOIL

• The section used at the tip – NASA/LANGLEY RC-10(N)1 AIRFOIL

• The section used at the root – GIII BL 45 AIRFOIL

FUSELAGE TYPE

• A semi-monocoque fuselage has been constructed.

EMPENNAGE TYPE

• Vertical tail plane configuration with vertical stabilizers is mounted.

LANDING GEAR

• Retractable Tri-cyclic landing gears is constructed.

LIFT AND DRAG ESTIMATION

CONDITION Lift (N) Drag (N)

Take-off 14016.8908 9226.111

Cruise 1246177.79 42880.200

Landing 1552907.3 54195.011

PERFORMANCE CALCULATION

PARAMETER VALUE

THRUST REQUIRED 11.224 KN

THRUST AVAILABLE 63.2 KN

POWER REQUIRED 3892.99 KW

POWER AVAILABLE 725.036 KW

RATE OF CLIMB 17.01 m/s

RATE OF SINK 88.236 m/s

TAKE – OFF
2969.265 m
DISTANCE
LANDING DISTANCE 1985.85 m
 FUTURE WORK

• In Design Project – II will be studied for the design with Gust and
manoeuvrability envelopes.
• Performance of Critical loading and the final calculation of V-n graph. A
theoretical approach to Study of structural design will be undertaken. To
estimate loads of wings, to estimate loads of fuselage.
• Balancing and manoeuvring loads on the tail plane, Aileron and Rudder
load are started.
• Designing the structural layout of the aeroplane.
• Even some of the components like wings, the fuselage is designed.
• Finally, detailed design report will be prepared with sketches or drawings.
THANK YOU