WORLD War I

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Who’s The Blame

Germany got blamed

but many countries
actually shared the
responsibility
Austria, Serbia, France, Russia…
The Four Underlying causes of
WWI
1.Militarism 3.Imperialism

Glorification & building

When powerful
up of armed forces.
Powerful military = countries try to
greatness, respect and dominate other
fear of other countries CAUSES countries.
OF
2.Alliance WWI 4.Nationalism
System
Deep devotion
to/extreme pride in one’s
An association of nation
countries; an Led to intense
agreement of defense competition between
or common policies. nations.
 Alliance System
Triple Alliance Triple Entente
Germany France x

Austria-Hungary Russia
The
Alliances

Italy
Britain
 Alliance System
The map of the
warring countries;
Triple Entente
And Triple
Alliance. With
neutral countries
Imperialism
European nations were
competing for colonies
in Africa.

Countries often disputed over land,

which intensified rivalries
As territories to colonize became
more scarce, rivalries heated up and
countries began to increase their
military to protect their interests
 By 1900, there were 6 Great
Powers in Europe:
Great Britain, France, Russia,
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Nationalism
Italy
Competition for
markets/materials
Pan-Slavism- belief that all
GB and Germany
Slavic people shared a
competed for industrial
common nationality and
dominance in Europe
should be united. Russia was
considered the “mother Balkans = “Powder keg”
country” of all Slavic people, of Europe (SE peninsula).
and stood ready to support Very unstable.
any smaller Slavic nations Austria-Hungary and
Serbia both wanted to
annex Bosnia (on the
France and Germany hated each border). 1908- A-H
other. 1870-Franco-Prussian War- annexed it.
France wanted Alsace-Lorraine
 The SPARK that
started WWI
Assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand
Killed by: Gravilo
Princip
19 Years old
Member of “Black
June 28, 1914- Franz Ferdinand Hand”, a Siberian
and wife Sophie assassinated in terrorist group
Sarajevo, Bosnia.
Germany’s
Role
The Black Stunned Franz Joseph and
his ally Kaiser Wilhelm II
Check because Ferdinand was
royalty.
Wilhelm II gave Joseph a
“blank check,” ~ promise
of unconditional support,
no matter what the cost.
A-H wanted to crush
Serbia, and saw this as
the perfect excuse.
 The Ultimatum

July 23, 1914

Austria-Hungary gave Serbia a very
harsh ultimatum, and only 48 hrs to
reply. Serbia met 11/12 demands, but
A-H was unwilling to negotiate.
 The Start Of World War

1 2 3 4 5
July 28 July 28 August 1 August 3 August 8

Germany
Russia declares Great
Austria – begins to Germany war on Britain
Hungary mobilize in declares France, declares
declares war Serbia’s war on invades war on
on Serbia. defense. Russia Belgium Germany
Allied Two Sides Emerge Central
Powers Powers
1.Britain 1.Germany
2.France 2.Austria-
3.Russia Hungary
4.Serbia 3.Bulgaria
5.Belgium 4.Ottoman
6.Japan Empire
7.Italy (Turkey)
What began as a local dispute between Austria-Hungary and Serbia became a
global conflict that had no clear, limited objective.

8.5 M 21 M $338 B
Soldiers Wounded Casualties
Have People Destroyed
Died
 Germany’s Two Front War
Key to success: SPEED!
Why it didn’t work:
You can Resize without
Schlieffen Plan ~
losing quality
military strategy to *France & GB
You can Change Fill
avoid& a 2-front war.
Color
were stronger
Line Color
1.) Cut throughBelgium than the
and encircle French Germans
2.) Beat France in 6 anticipated.
weeks *Russia
3.) Race back to fight mobilized
Russia quicker than
they expected
Why fight France first?
FREE
Russia was less
industrialized and
PPT
would take longer to
TEMPLATES
mobilize.
www.allppt.com
The Schlieffen Plan
 British and French attacked at
the valley of the Marne River.

After breaking through

Belgium (2 weeks), the
Germans got w/in 15 mi. of
Paris.
600 taxicabs from Paris were used to
rush soldiers from the city to the
front.
This battle destroyed the Schlieffen
Plan.
The Western Front
 Soldiers shared their
food with rats and
their beds with lice.
Trench Fresh food was
Warfare nonexistent, and
sleep was nearly
impossible.
“No-man’s land” :
space b/w the
opposing trenches.
A man-made desert
 German
Trenches
on the
Right
British
Trenches
on the Left
Trench
Warfare
The Weapons of
WWI
• Machine guns -
worsened the stalemate;
• Poison Gas – developed
by the Germans. Caused
blindness, choking,
burns, and even death.
Very unpredictable.
 weaponry
The Tank Airplanes Zeppelins Submarines

Introduced by the 1st time in history Gas-filled Submarines- introduced by

British they were used in balloons the Germans; called U-
Could move across introduced by the boats from the German
combat.
no-man’s land Germans word “Unterseeboot”