With two thirds of the

earth's surface covered

by water and the
human body consisting
of 75 per cent of it, it is
evidently clear that
water is one of the
prime elements
responsible for life on
earth
In the body, it regulates
the activities of fluids,
 Water is one of the most vital natural resources for all
life on Earth. The availability and quality of water
always have played an important part in determining
not only where people can live, but also their quality of
life. Even though there always has been plenty of fresh
water on Earth, water has not always been available
when and where it is needed, nor is it always of
suitable quality for all uses. Water must be considered
as a finite resource that has limits and boundaries to
its availability and suitability for use
CATEGORIES OF WATER USE
 Commercial water use includes fresh water for motels,
hotels, restaurants, office buildings, other commercial
facilities, and civilian and military institutions. Domestic
water use is probably the most important daily use of water
for most people.

Domestic use includes water that is used in the home every

day, including water for normal household purposes, such
as drinking, food preparation, bathing, washing clothes
and dishes, flushing toilets, and watering lawns and
gardens.
DISTRIBUTION OF WATER
 The water distribution on Earth shows that
most water in the Earth's atmosphere and crust comes
from the world ocean's saline seawater,
while freshwater accounts for only 2.5% of the total.
Because the oceans that cover roughly 71% of the area
of the Earth reflect blue light, the Earth appears blue
from space, and is often referred to as the blue planet
and the Pale Blue Dot. An estimated 1.5 to 11 times the
amount of water in the oceans may be found hundreds
of miles deep within the Earth's interior, although not
in liquid form.
 Industrial water use is a valuable resource to the nation's
industries for such purposes as processing, cleaning,
transportation, dilution, and cooling in manufacturing
facilities. Major water-using industries include steel,
chemical, paper, and petroleum refining. Industries often
reuse the same water over and over for more than one
purpose.
 Irrigation water use is water artificially applied to farm,
orchard, pasture, and horticultural crops, as well as water
used to irrigate pastures, for frost and freeze protection,
chemical application, crop cooling, harvesting, and for the
leaching of salts from the crop root zone. Non-agricultural
activities include self-supplied water to irrigate public and
private golf courses, parks,

HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
 Hydrology is the scientific study of the movement,
distribution, and quality of water on Earth and other
planets, including the hydrologic cycle, water
resources and environmental watershed sustainability.
 The hydrologic cycle is a conceptual model that describes
the storage and movement of water between
the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and the
hydrosphere . Water on our planet can be stored in any one
of the following major reservoirs: atmosphere, oceans,
lakes, rivers, soils, glaciers, snowfields, and groundwater.
Water moves from one reservoir to another by way of
processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation,
deposition, runoff, infiltration, sublimation, transpiration,
melting, and groundwater flow. The oceans supply most of
the evaporated water found in the atmosphere. Of this
evaporated water, only 91% of it is returned to the ocean
basins by way of precipitation. The remaining 9% is
transported to areas over landmasses where climatological
factors induce the formation of precipitation. The resulting
imbalance between rates of evaporation and precipitation
over land and ocean is corrected by runoff and
groundwater flow to the oceans.