Department Of Electronics and

Communication
PASSWORD BASED DOOR
Submitted By:-
LOCK SYSTEM APPROVED
Pavitra BY:-
Chaudhary UNDER GUIDANCE OF:-
(0111EC151059) Ms. Saima Khan Dr. Vikas
Prateek Singh Gupta
(0111EC151068) (Head Of EC
Pranjul Katiyar Department)
(0111EC151065)
 INTRODUCTION
 COMPONENT USED
 8051 MICROCONTROLLER ARCHITECTURE
 MOTOR
 DIODE
 RESISTOR
 CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
 VOLTAGE REGULATOR
 CAPACITOR
 MOMENTARY SWITCH
 LCD
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 The microcontroller based door locker is an
access Control System that allows only
authorised persons to access a restricted area.
The system is fully controlled by the 8 bit
microcontroller AT89C2051 which has a 2K
bytes of rom for the program memory.
 The system has a keypad by which the
password can be entered through it. When the
entered password equals with the password
stored in the memory then the Gate gets open.
If we entered a wrong password then the
alarm is switched on.
 The default password is set. There is a button
which should be placed inside the door so that
the person inside can open /close the door.
S.NO. COMPONENT USED QUANTITY

1. 89C51 MICROCONTROLLER 1
2. DIODE 4
3. ULN 2003 1
4. MOTOR 1
5. RESISTANCE (10K-OHM) 6
6. RESISTANCE (4.7K-OHM) 7
7. CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR (12MHZ) 1
8. TRANSFORMER (220V) 1
9. CAPACITOR (100 MICROFARAD, 470 1,1
MICROFARAD)
10. VOLTAGE REGULATOR (+5V) 1
11. LCD (2*16, JHD162A) 1
12. MOMENTARY SWITCHES 17
13. CONNECTORS (16 PIN, 5 PIN, 2 PIN) 1,1,1
 The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-
bit microcomputer with 4kBytes of flash erasable and
programmable read only memory (EPROM).
 The device is manufactured using Atmel's high-density
non-volatile memory technology and is compatible with
the industry-standard MCS-51 instruction set & pin out.
 The on-chip flash allows the program memory to be
reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional non-
volatile memory programmer.
 By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with flash on a
monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful
microcomputer which provides a highly-flexible & cost-
effective solution to many embedded control
applications.
 The AT89C51 provides the following standard features: 4K bytes of
flash, 128 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, two 16-bit timer/counters, five
vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, & on-
chip oscillator & clock Circuitry.
 In addition, the AT89C51 is design with static logic for operation down
to zero frequency and supports 2 software selectable power saving
modes.
 The idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters,
serial port and inerrupt system to continue functioning
 The power down mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the
oscillator disabling all other chip functions until the next hardware
reset.
 The AT89C51 implement 256 bytes of address on chip Ram. The upper
128 bytes occupy a parallel address space to the special function
registers, that means the upper 128 bytes has the same addresses as
the SFR space but are physically separated from SFR space.
 When an instruction accesses an internal location above addresses
7FH, the address mode used in the instruction specifies whether the
CPU accesses the upper 128 bytes of Ram or the SFR space instructions
that use direct addressing access SSR space.
 The reset or inactive value of the new bits will always be zero.
 A motor is a brushless, synchronous
electric motor that can divide a full
rotation into a large number of steps.
 The Motor’s position can be controlled
precisely without any feedback
mechanism (see open loop controller),
as long as the motor is carefully sized to
the application.
 Motors are similar to switched reluctance
Motors (which are very large stepping
motor with a reduced pole count, and
generally are closed loop commutated.)
 Motors are constant power devices.
 As motor speed increases, torque decreases.
 The torque curve may be extended by using current
limiting drivers and increasing the driving voltage.
 Steppers exhibit more vibration than other motor types,
as the discrete step tends to snap the rotor from one
position to another.
 This vibration can become very bad at some speeds
and can causes the motor to lose torque.
 The effect can be mitigated by accelerating quickly
through the problem speeds range, physically damping
the system, or using a micro- stepping driver.
 Motors with a great number of phases also exhibits
smoother operation than those with fever phases.
 A diode is a two terminal electronic
component that conduct electric
current in only one direction.
 The term usually refers to a
semiconductor diode, the most common
type today, which is a crystal of
semiconductor connected to two
electrical terminals, a P-N junction.
 The electrical resistance of an object is a
measure of its opposition to the passage
of steady electric current.
 An object of uniform cross section will
have a resistance proportional to its
length, and inversely proportional to its
cross-sectional area, and proportional to
the resistivity of the material.
 A Crystal oscillator is an electronic circuit that
uses the mechanical resonance of a vibrating
crystal of piezoelectric material to create an
electrical signal with a very precise frequency.
 This frequency is commonly used to keep track
of time (as in quartz wrist watches), to provide
a stable clock signal for digital integrated
circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio
transmitters and receivers.
 The most common type of piezoelectric
resonator used is the quartz crystal, so oscillator
circuits design around them were called
"crystal oscillators“.
 A voltage regulator is an electrical
regulator designed to automatically
maintain a constant voltage level.
 it may use an electromechanical
mechanism ,or passive or active
electronic components. Depending on
the design, it may be used to regulate
one or more AC or DC voltages.
 A capacitor or condenser is a passive
electronic component consisting of a pair of
conductors separated by dielectric (insulator).
 When a potential difference (voltage) exists
across the conductors, and electric field is
present in the dielectric.
 This field store energy and produces a
mechanical force between the conductors.
 The effect is greatest when there is a narrow
separation between large areas of conductor;
hence capacitor conductors are often called
plates.
 In electronics, a switch is an electrical
component that can break an electrical
circuit, interrupting the current or
diverting it from one conductor to
another.
 The most familiar form of switch is a
manually operated electromechanical
device with one or more sets of electrical
contacts.
 The JHD162A LCD is fully compatible with
the HD44780LCD.
 Hence, the same set of codes will work for
both. It is a 16×2 LCD module i.e. it has 16
columns and 2 rows for display.
 It can operate in either 8 bit mode or 4 bit
mode.
 In 8 bit mode, an 8 bit is data is sent to the
LCD from the MCU whereas in 4 bit mode, 4
bits of data are sufficient to operate it.
 Display
construction.......16Characters*2lines.
 Display mode.........TN/STN
 Display type.........positive transflective
 Backlight........LED(B/5.0V)
 Viewing direction........6 o'clock
 Operating temperature.....indoor
 Driving voltage........single power
 Driving method.......1/16 duty,1/5 bias
 Type......COB (Chip On Board)
 Number of data line.....8-bit parallel
 Connector.......pin
 This simple circuit can be used at
residential places to ensure better safety.
 It can be used at organizations to ensure
authorized access to highly secured
places.
 With a slight modification this Project can
be used to control the switching of loads
through password.
 It is a low range circuit, i.e. it is not
possible to operate the circuit remotely.
 If you forget the password it is not
possible to open the door.
 We can add fire, wind and LPG sensor so
that in case of accident the door will
automatically open.
 We can add fingerprint, retina and voice
sensors, so entry will be allowed to
authorised persons only.
 This project is meant for security systems
whose access is only for respected
authorities. Using a microcontroller the
password entered in checked with the
shorted password and then does the
corresponding operations. Here we use
a 5 digit password for better secrecy.
 Sedra Smith
 Introduction to 8051 Microcontroller…Mazidi
 Introduction to 8051 Microcontroller…Ayala
 www.wikipedia.com