Huawei 3G Training V02

3G Huawei Training
Shoaib Hadi
Basics
3 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID
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Common Terms
• Bit, symbol and chip
- Bit (bps): the data that is obtained upon source coding and contains
information.
- Symbol (sps): the data obtained upon channel coding and interleaving.
- Chip (cps): the data obtained upon final spreading.
• The spreading rate of WCDMA is: 3.84 Mcps
• Processing gain
- It refers to the ratio of the final spreading rate to the bit rate (cps/bps).
- In the WCDMA system, the processing gain depends on the specific service.
Spreading Factor and Service Rate
• Chip rate = symbol rate  spreading factor
• For WCDMA, if the chip rate is 3.84 MHz and the spreading factor is 4, the symbol rate is 960 Kbps.
Symbol rate = (service rate + check code) × channel code ×repetition or punching rate
• For WCDMA, if the service rate is 384 Kbps and the channel code is 1/3 Turbo, the symbol rate is 960 Kbps.

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Spreading Principle
• Users who need to send information: UE1, UE2 and UE3

- UE1 uses c1 for spreading: UE1 x c1
- c1, c2 and c3 are orthogonal to each other
• Information sent: UE1 x c1 + UE2 x c2 + UE3 x c3
Channel RF
Source Interleaving Scrambling
coding and Spreading Modulation transmission
coding
interleaving

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De-spreading Principle
• UE1 uses c1 for de-spreading.

- (UE1 x c1 + UE2 x c2 + UE3 x c3) x c1
= UE1 x (c1 x c1) + UE2 x (c2 x c1) + UE3 x (c3 x c1)
= UE1 x 1 + UE2 x 0 + UE3 x 0
= UE1
• In the same way, UE2 uses c2 for de-spreading and UE3
uses c3 for de-spreading to get their own signals.

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Spreading Principle
____________
UE1: +1 -1 1
_____________
UE2: -1 +1
c1: +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1
c2: +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1
UE1xc1: +1 -1 +1 -1 -1 +1 -1 +1
UE2xc2: -1 -1 -1 -1 +1 +1 +1 +1
UE1xc1＋ UE2xc2: 0 -2 0 -2 0 +2 0 +2

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De-spreading Principle
UE1×c1＋ UE2×c2： 0 -2 0 -2 0 +2 0 +2
UE1 de-spreading with c1: +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1

De-spreading result: 0 +2 0 +2 0 -2 0 -2
Integral: +4 -4
Decision: +4/4 = +1 -4/4 = -1
UE2 de-spreading with c2: +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1

De-spreading result: 0 -2 0 -2 0 +2 0 +2
Integral: -4 +4
Decision : -4/4 = -1 +4/4 = +1

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OVSF & Walsh
Cch,4,0 =(1,1,1,1)
Cch,2,0 = (1,1)
Cch,4,1 = (1,1,-1,-1)
Cch,1,0 = (1)
Cch,4,2 = (1,-1,1,-1)
Cch,2,1 = (1,-1)
Cch,4,3 = (1,-1,-1,1)
SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4
OVSF codes (Walsh) are completely orthogonal

and their mutual correlation is zero.

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UMTS Radio Interface
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• E-AGCH (Absolute Grant)
• E-RGCH (Relative Grant)
• E-HICH (HARQ Indicator)

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• E-DPDCH
• E-DPCCH

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Parameters
Parameter Optimization Contents
• Mobile Management parameter optimization

• Power Control parameter optimization
• Power Configuration parameter optimization
• Load Control parameter optimization
Note:
There are too many parameters to introduce. Only some parameters about
network optimization are mentioned

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Mobile Management Parameter Optimization
• Cell Selection & Reselection

The changing of cell on which UE camped in idle mode or in Cell FACH, Cell
PCH, URA PCH states. That assures UE camping the most suitable cell,
receiving system information and establishing an RRC connection on a best
serving cell.
• Handover
The changing of cells with which UE connected in DCH mode.
That assures seamless coverage and load balancing.

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Cell Selection Criteria (S Criteria)
The cell selection criterion S is fulfilled when:
for FDD cells: Srxlev > 0 AND Squal > 0
for TDD cells: Srxlev > 0
Where:
Squal = Qqualmeas – Qqualmin
Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin - Pcompensation
When a UE wants to select a UMTS cell, the cell must satisfy S criterion.

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Cell Selection Parameters

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Cell Re-selection Measurement Condition
- 1. If Sx > Sintrasearch, UE need not perform intra-frequency measurements.
If Sx <= Sintrasearch, perform intra-frequency measurements.
If Sintrasearch, is not sent for serving cell, perform intra-frequency measurements.
- 2. If Sx > Sintersearch, UE need not perform inter-frequency measurements.
If Sx <= Sintersearch, perform inter-frequency measurements.
If Sintersearch, is not sent for serving cell, perform inter-frequency measurements.
- 3. If Sx > SsearchRAT m, UE need not perform measurements on cells of RAT“ m".
If Sx <= SsearchRAT m, perform measurements on cells of RAT "m".
If SsearchRAT m, is not sent for serving cell, perform measurements on cells of RAT "m".

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Cell Reselection Criteria (R Criteria)
• All cells should satisfy S Criteria.

• Select the Cell with the highest R value using the following method to compute.
Rs = Q meas ,s + Qhysts
Rn = Q meas ,n - Qoffsets,n
QUALMEAS = CPICH_EcNo or CPICH_RSCP
In all cases, the UE shall reselect the new cell, only if the following conditions are met:
- the new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval Treselection.
- more than 1 second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.

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Cell Reselection Parameters
IdleSIntraSearch
IdleSInterSearch

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Cell Reselection Parameters

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Handover Procedure
Neighbor cells both from same NodeB or

other NodeBs
Measurement control
Node B
Measurement and filtering
Node B
Measurement report
Node B
Handover decision
Handover execution
Intra-frequency cells
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Soft Handover Example

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Soft Handover Procedure

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Soft Handover Event – 1A
• 1A (add a cell in Active Set)

 NA 
10  LogM New  CIONew  W 10  Log   M i   (1  W ) 10  LogM Best  ( R1a  H1a / 2)
 i 1 
MNew : the measurement result of the cell entering the reporting range.
CIONew : the individual cell offset for the cell entering the reporting range
if an individual cell offset is stored for that cell. Otherwise it is equal to 0.
Mi : measurement result of a cell not forbidden to affect reporting range in
the active set.
NA : the number of cells not forbidden to affect reporting range in the
current active set.
MBest : the measurement result of the cell not forbidden to affect reporting range
in the active set with the highest measurement result, not taking into account
any cell individual offset.
W : a parameter sent from UTRAN to UE.
R1a : the reporting range constant.
H1a : the hysteresis parameter for the event 1a.

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Soft Handover Event – 1B
• 1B (Remove a cell from Active Set)

 NA 
10  LogM Old  CIOOld  W 10  Log   M i   (1  W ) 10  LogM Best  ( R1b  H1b / 2)
 i 1 
MOld : the measurement result of the cell leaving the reporting range.
CIOOld : the individual cell offset for the cell leaving the reporting range if
an individual cell offset is stored for that cell. Otherwise it is equal to 0.
Mi : measurement result of a cell not forbidden to affect reporting range in the
active set.
NA : the number of cells not forbidden to affect reporting range in the current
active set.
MBest : the measurement result of the cell not forbidden to affect reporting range
in the active set with the lowest measurement result, not taking into account
any cell individual offset.
W : a parameter sent from UTRAN to UE.
R1b : the reporting range constant.
H1b : the hysteresis parameter for the event 1b.

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Soft Handover Event – 1C
• 1C (a non-active primary CPICH becomes better than an active

primary CPICH. If Active Set is not full, add the non-active cell into
active set .Otherwise use the cell substitute the active cell.)
10  LogM New  CIONew  10  LogM InAS  CIOInAS  H1c / 2

MNew : the measurement result of the cell not included in the active set.
CIONew : the individual cell offset for the cell becoming better than the cell in the active
set if an individual cell offset is stored for that cell. Otherwise it is equal to 0.
MInAS : the measurement result of the cell in the active set with the highest
measurement result.
MInAS : the measurement result of the cell in the active set with the lowest
measurement result.
CIOInAS : the individual cell offset for the cell in the active set that is becoming worse
than the new cell.
H1c : the hysteresis parameter for the event 1c.

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Soft Handover Event – 1D
• 1D (Change of best cell. If the chosen cell is not in Active Set,

add the cell into Active Set and modify measurement
control .Otherwise only modify measurement control. )
10  LogM NotBest  CIONotBest  10  LogM Best  CIOBest  H1d / 2
MNotBest : the measurement result of a cell not stored in "best cell"

CIONotBest : the cell individual offset of a cell not stored in "best cell" .
MBest: the measurement result of the cell stored in "best cell".
CIOBest : the cell individual offset of a cell stored in "best cell" .
H1d : the hysteresis parameter for the event 1d.

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Soft Handover Parameters
Parameter Name Description Default Setting
IntraRelThdFor1A Relative thresholds of soft handover for Event 1A (R1a) 10, namely 5dB (step 0.5)
IntraRelThdFor1B Relative thresholds of soft handover for Event 1B (R1b) 10, namely 5dB (step 0.5)
Hystfor1A, Hystfor1B, Soft handover hysteresis (H1x) 6,namely 3dB (step 0.5) for H1a .
Hystfor1C, Hystfor1D 8,namely 4dB(step 0.5) for H1b,
H1c,H1d.
CellIndividalOffset Cell CPICH measured value offset; the sum of this 0

parameter value and the actually tested value is used for
UE event estimation. (CIO)
WEIGHT Weighting factor, used to determine the relative 0

threshold of soft handover according to the measured
value of each cell in the active set.
TrigTime1A,TrigTime1B, Soft handover time-to-trigger parameters (event time-to- D640, namely 640ms .
TrigTime1C,TrigTime1D trigger parameters. Only the equation are always
satisfied during the trigger time, the event will be
triggered).
FilterCoef Filter coefficient of L3 intra-frequency measurement D5,namely 5

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Inter-system Handover – CS Domain Procedure
UE NODEB RNC 3G MSC 2G MSC BSS

1. RRC Connect Req
2. RRC Setup Complete
3. Measure Control (measure ID

0x1 )
4. Measure Control (measure ID
0x2 5.Initial
) UE message(service request)
6.DL DT (Authentication Request)
7.UL DT (Authentication Response)
8.Common ID
10. Security Mode Command 9. Security Mode Command
11. Security Mode CMP
12. Security Mode CMP
13. UL DT(Setup)
14. DL DT(Call proceeding)
15. RAB Assign
16.RL Recfg Prep Req
17.RL Recfg Ready
18.RL Recfg Commit
19 RB Setup
20 RB Setup
21 RAB Assign Resp
Cmp
22. DL DT( Alerting )
23. DL DT( Connect)
24. UL DT(Connect Ack)
25 Measure Report(2D)
26.RL Recfg Prep
27.RL Recfg Ready
28 PhyCh
Reconfig 29.RL Recfg Comit
30 PhyCh Reconfig CMP
31 Meaure Control(ID3 )
32Measure Report 33 Relocation Required
34 Relocation Command
35. HandoverFromUtranCommand
44 Iu Release Req
45 RL Del Req
46 RL Del Resp
47 Iu Release
Complete

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Inter-system Handover Measure
1) Use Inter-frequency measurement reporting Event 2d, 2f

to reflect the currently used frequency quality.
Event 2d: The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a certain threshold.
QUsed  TUsed 2 d  H 2 d / 2
• The variables in the formula are defined as follows:
- QUsed is the quality estimate of the used frequency.
- TUsed 2d is the absolute threshold that applies for the used frequency and event 2d.
- H2d is the hysteresis parameter for the event 2d.
Event 2f: The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is above a certain threshold.
QUsed  TUsed 2 f  H 2 f / 2
• The variables in the formula are defined as follows:
- QUsed is the quality estimate of the used frequency.
- TUsed 2f is the absolute threshold that applies for the used frequency and event 2f.
- H2f is the hysteresis parameter for the event 2f.

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Inter-system Handover Measure
2） When Received 2D reports ( that means the currently used frequency signal is poor ), RNC sends
Measurement Control (ID3) to let UE begin to measure other system signal . UE will send measurement
result reports periodically . When Received 2F reports (that means the currently used frequency signal is
not poor), RNC sends Measurement Control (ID3,but different contents) to let UE stop measuring other
system signal .
3) When received the periodical reports, RNC use the following formula to judge whether should handover UE
to another system .
Mother_RAT + CIO > Tother_RAT + H/2
Tother_RAT : the inter-system handover decision threshold;

Mother_RAT : the inter-system (GSM RSSI) measurement result received by RNC;
CIO: Cell Individual Offset, which is the inter-system cell setting offset;
H : refers to hysteresis,
If the formula is met, a trigger-timer called TimeToTrigForSysHo will be started, and a handover decision will be made when the
timer times out;
Note: if the inter-system quality satisfies the following condition before the timer times out:
Mother_RAT + CIO < Tother_RAT - H/2
The timer will be stopped, and RNC will go on waiting to receive the next inter-system measurement report.
The length of the trigger-timer is called time-to-trigger.

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Inter-system Handover Parameters

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Power Control parameter optimization
• Power Control Characteristics

 Minimize the interference in the network, thus improve
capacity and quality
 Maintain the link quality in uplink and downlink by
adjusting the powers
 Mitigate the near far effect by providing minimum
required power level for each connection
 Provides protection against shadowing and fast fading

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Power Control Classification
TPC Command SIR Target
SIR Bler/Ber
UE NodeB RNC
Inner Loop Power Control

Outer Loop Power Control
Open Loop Power Control
 Open Loop Power Control

Open loop power control is used to determine UE’s initial uplink transmit power in PRACH and NodeB’s initial downlink
transmit power in DPDCH. It is used to set initial power reference values for power control.
 Outer Loop power control

Outer loop power control is used to maintain the quality of communication at the level of bearer service quality requirement,
while using as low power as possible.
 Inner loop power control (also called fast closed loop power control)
Inner loop power control is used to adjust UE’s uplink / NodeB’s downlink Dpch Power every one slot in accordance with TPC
commands. Inner loop power control frequency is 1500Hz.

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Open Loop Power Control - Uplink
Preamble_Initial_Power = Primary CPICH TX power - CPICH_RSCP + UL interference + Constant Value
where Primary CPICH TX power, UL interference and Constant Value are broadcasted
in the System Information，and CPICH_RSCP is the measured value by UE。

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Open Loop Power Control - Downlink
Eb R E
P   ( PCPICH /( c )cpich    Ptotal )
Io W Io
• Where R is the user bit rate. W is the chip rate (3.84M).
• Pcpich is the Primary CPICH transmit power.
• Eb/Io is the downlink required Eb/Io value for a bearer service.
• (Ec/Io)cpich is measurement value reported by the UE.
• α is downlink cell orthogonal factor.
• Ptotal is the current cell’s carrier transmit power measured at the NodeB
and reported to the RNC.
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Open Loop Power Control Parameters

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Outer Loop Power Control
Outer loop control is used to setting SirTarget (Signal to Interference Ratio Target) for inner loop power control. It is divided into uplink outer loop
power control and downlink outer loop power control.
The uplink outer loop power control is controlled by SRNC (serving RNC) for setting a target SIR for each UE. This target SIR is updated according
to the estimated uplink quality (Block Error Ratio/ Bit Error Ratio).
If UE is not in DTX (Discontinuous Transmission)status (that means RNC can receive uplink traffic data),
RNC will use Bler (Block Error Ratio) to compute SirTarget . Otherwise, RNC will use Ber (Bit Error Ratio) to compute SirTarget.
The downlink outer loop power control is controlled by the UE receiver to converge to required link quality (BLER) set by the network (RNC) in
downlink.

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Outer Loop Power Control Parameters

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Inner Loop Power Control
The inner loop power control adjusts the UE or NodeB transmit

power in order to keep the received signal-to-interference ratio
(SIR) at a given SIR target, SIRtarget.
It is also divided into uplink inner loop power control and

downlink inner loop power control.

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Uplink Inner Loop Power Control
• UTRAN behaviour
The serving cells (cells in the active set) should estimate signal-to-interference ratio SIRest of the received uplink DPCH. The
serving cells should then generate TPC commands and transmit the commands once per slot according to the following rule: if
SIRest > SIRtarget then the TPC command to transmit is "0", while if SIRest < SIRtarget then the TPC command to transmit is
"1".
• UE behaviour
Upon reception of one or more TPC commands in a slot, the UE shall derive a single TPC command, TPC_cmd, for each slot,
combining multiple TPC commands if more than one is received in a slot. Two algorithms shall be supported by the UE for
deriving a TPC_cmd. Which of these two algorithms is used is determined by a UE-specific higher-layer parameter,
"PowerControlAlgorithm", and is under the control of the UTRAN. If "PowerControlAlgorithm" indicates "algorithm1", then the
layer 1 parameter PCA shall take the value 1 and if "PowerControlAlgorithm" indicates "algorithm2" then PCA shall take the
value 2.

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• The step size DTPC is a layer 1 parameter which is derived from the UE-specific higher-layer parameter
"TPC-StepSize" which is under the control of the UTRAN. If "TPC-StepSize" has the value "dB1", then the
layer 1 parameter DTPC shall take the value 1 dB and if "TPC-StepSize" has the value "dB2", then DTPC
shall take the value 2 dB. The parameter "TPC-StepSize" only applies to Algorithm 1 . For Algorithm 2 DTPC
shall always take the value 1 dB.
• After deriving of the combined TPC command TPC_cmd using one of the two supported algorithms, the UE
shall adjust the transmit power of the uplink DPCCH with a step of DDPCCH (in dB) which is given by:
DDPCCH = DTPC  TPC_cmd.

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• Algorithm 1 for processing TPC commands

When a UE is not in soft handover, only one TPC command will be received in each slot.
In this case, the value of TPC_cmd shall be derived as follows:
- If the received TPC command is equal to 0 then TPC_cmd for that slot is –1.
- If the received TPC command is equal to 1, then TPC_cmd for that slot is
• Algorithm 2 for processing TPC commands

When a UE is not in soft handover, only one TPC command will be received in each slot.
In this case, the UE shall process received TPC commands on a 5-slot cycle, where the
sets of 5 slots shall be aligned to the frame boundaries and there shall be no overlap
between each set of 5 slots.
The value of TPC_cmd shall be derived as follows:
- For the first 4 slots of a set, TPC_cmd = 0.
- For the fifth slot of a set, the UE uses hard decisions on each of the 5
received TPC commands as follows:
• If all 5 hard decisions within a set are 1 then TPC_cmd = 1 in the 5th slot.
• If all 5 hard decisions within a set are 0 then TPC_cmd = -1 in the 5th slot.
• Otherwise, TPC_cmd = 0 in the 5th slot.
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Downlink Inner Loop Power Control
• UE behaviour
The UE shall generate TPC commands to control the network transmit power and send them in the TPC field of the
uplink DPCCH. The UE shall check the downlink power control mode (DPC_MODE) before generating the
TPC command:
 If DPC_MODE = 0 : the UE sends a unique TPC command in each slot and the TPC command generated is transmitted in the first
available TPC field in the uplink DPCCH;
 If DPC_MODE = 1 : the UE repeats the same TPC command over 3 slots and the new TPC command is transmitted such that there is
a new command at the beginning of the frame.
The DPC_MODE parameter is a UE specific parameter controlled by the UTRAN.
• UTRAN behaviour
Upon receiving the TPC commands UTRAN shall adjust its downlink DPCCH/DPDCH power accordingly. For DPC_MODE = 0, UTRAN
shall estimate the transmitted TPC command TPCest to be 0 or 1, and shall update the power every slot. If DPC_MODE = 1, UTRAN
shall estimate the transmitted TPC command TPCest over three slots to be 0 or 1, and shall update the power every three slots.

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Inner Loop Power Control Parameters

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Physical Channels Types

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Common Channel Parameters
All channels’ power refers to PCPICH power expect PCPICH.

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Dedicated Channel Parameters
Dedicated Channel Power refers to PCPICH Power.

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Load Control Parameter Optimization
• Call Admission Control (CAC)

Call admission control is used to control cell’s load by
admission/rejection request to assure a cell’s load under control.

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Call Admission Control Procedure
call admisson request arrive
Get the service characteristic and

the current load
Uplink call admission

control evaluation
admitted? n
Downlink call admission

control evaluation
admitted? n
call admitted call rejected
end

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Call Admission Control Parameters
Different service type can be configured different threshold. That means leave some resources for important service ( or request),
such as HO > Conversation > Other.
Ul(Dl)TotolKThd is used when NodeB load report is not available .

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Features
Feature Name
Call Reestablishment Automatic Congestion Handler
HSDPA Enhanced Package Automatic Congestion Handler (Phase 2)
Scheduling based on EPF and GBR AMR-WB (Adaptive Multi Rate Wide Band)
HSDPA State Transition AMR/WB-AMR Speech Rates Control
HSDPA DRD TFO/TrFO
HS-DPCCH Preamble Support AMR Voice Quality Improvement Based on PLVA
Streaming Traffic Class on HSDPA CS Voice Precise Power Control
HSDPA over Iur Seamless Crystal Voice
SRB over HSDPA Crystal Voice in Deep Coverage
CQI Adjustment Based on Dynamic BLER Target Ultrafast CS Call Setup
Streaming Traffic Class on HSUPA Dynamic Target RoT Adjustment
HSUPA Introduction Package TTI Switch for BE Services Based on Coverage
HSUPA over Iur Adaptive Configuration of Traffic Channel Power offset for HSUPA
HSUPA Phase 2 Control Channel Parallel Interference Cancellation (CCPIC)
Enhanced Fast UL Scheduling Control Channel Parallel Interference Cancellation (Phase 2)
HSUPA 2ms TTI HSUPA UL Interference Cancellation
HSUPA 5.74Mbps per User 60 HSUPA Users per Cell
SRB over HSUPA 96 HSUPA Users per Cell
Downlink 64QAM 128 HSUPA Users per Cell
DC-HSDPA Turbo IC
HSPA+ Downlink 42Mbps per User Control Channel Parallel Interference Cancellation (Phase 3)
Enhanced Fast Dormancy Uplink Control Channel OLPC
Layered Paging in Idle Mode Control Channel Parallel Interference Cancellation (Phase 4)
UE State in Connected Mode (CELL-DCH, CELL-PCH, URA-PCH, CELL-FACH) Improved Uplink Coverage for SRB over DCH
CE Overbooking 96 HSDPA Users per Cell
Enhanced DRX 128 HSDPA Users per Cell
Downlink Enhanced CELL-FACH DPCH Maximum Power Restriction
Uplink Enhanced CELL_FACH 16 HSPA Users per Cell
RB Parking 192 HSPA Users per Cell
Intelligent Access Class Control DPCH TPC Power Adjustment
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KPIs and Counters
RRC Connection Successful Ratio
• According to Huawei definition, the RRC Connection

Successful Ratio is calculate by the following formula:
RRC Connection Successful Number
RRC Connection Successful Ratio 
RRC Connection Attempt Number

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RRC Establishment Counters for Cell
• The cell counters for RRC connection request

- As shown by point A in the figure, the RNC counts the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST
messages from a UE in the home cell of the UE by reason of the RRC connection
request
 For the classification of the reasons,

see the 3GPP TS 25.331
 RRC.AttConnEstab.CAUSEx
 Note: The RNC does not count the RRC

CONNECTION REQUEST messages
repetitively sent by the UE

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Page88
• The cell counters for RRC connection

setup
- After receiving an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message from a UE,
the RNC sends an RRC CONNECTION SETUP message to the UE. At
this time, the cell where the UE is located measures this item
 VS.RRC.SetupConnEstab
 Note: The RNC does not count RRC

CONNECTION SETUP messages
repeatedly sent to UEs

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Page89
 The cell counters for RRC connection setup complete

 The measurement is triggered at point C in the figure. After the RNC
receives an RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message from
a UE, the cell where the UE is located measures this item according
to the RRC connection request cause in the RRC CONNECTION
REQUEST message
 For the classification of the reasons,

see the 3GPP TS 25.331
 RRC.SuccConnEstab.CAUSEx

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Page90
• The cell counters for RRC connection setup failure

- This measurement counter provides the number of failed RRC connection setups in a cell
• VS.RRC.Rej.Sum
 The measurement is triggered at point

A in the figure
 In this case, the cell where the UE is

located measures the item

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Page91
• The RRC setup failure counters relation in cell

Counter Sub Counter Sub Counter
VS.RRC.Rej.RL.Fail
VS.RRC.Rej.TNL.Fail
VS.RRC.Rej.ULPower.Cong
VS.RRC.Rej.DLPower.Cong
VS.RRC.Rej.Sum VS.RRC.Rej.Code.Cong
RRC.FailConnEstab.cong VS.RRC.Rej.ULCE.Cong
VS.RRC.Rej.DLCE.Cong
VS.RRC.Rej.ULIUBBand.Cong
VS.RRC.Rej.DLIUBBand.Cong
VS.RRC.FailConnEstab.NoReply

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Page92
RRC Establishment KPI

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Page93
RAB Establishment Successful Ratio
• According to Huawei definition, the RAB Setup Successful

Ratio is calculate by the following formula:
RAB Setup Successful Number
RAB Setup Successful Ratio 
RAB Setup Attempt Number

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Page94
RAB Establishment Counters for Cell
• CS RAB Establishment Counters for Cell

- Number of CS RABs Requested to Establish
• Based on traffic class
- Conversational ; streaming
• Based on traffic class and DL MBR (Max. bit rate)
- AMR ; AMRWB ; AMR.12.2 ; AMR.4.75 ; AMR.5.9 ; AMR.7.95 ; Conv64 ; HSPA
- Number of Successfully Established CS RABs
- Conversational ; streaming
- AMR ; AMRWB ; AMR.12.2 ; AMR.4.75 ; AMR.5.9 ; AMR.7.95 ; Conv64 ; HSPA

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- Number of CS RABs Requested to Establish

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Page96

- Number of Successfully Established CS RABs

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Page97
• PS RAB Establishment Counters for Cell

- Number of PS RABs Requested to Establish
- Conversational ; streaming ; interactive ; background
- Number of Successfully Established PS RABs
- Conversational ; streaming ; interactive ; background

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Page98

• Number of PS RABs Requested to Establish (Cell)
- The measurement items provide the number of PS RABs requested to establish in
the best cell according to different types of service
- The measurement items do not differentiate between R99 traffic and HSPA traffic,
as shown below
• Number of PS conversational service RABs requested to establish in the best cell
- VS.RAB.AttEstabPS.Conv
• Number of PS streaming service RABs requested to establish in the best cell

- VS.RAB.AttEstabPS.Str
• Number of PS interactive service RABs requested to establish in the best cell

- VS.RAB.AttEstabPS.Inter
• Number of PS background service RABs requested to establish in the best cell

- VS.RAB.AttEstabPS.Bkg

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Page99

• Number of Successfully Established PS RABs (Cell)
- The measurement items provide the number of PS RABs successfully established
in a cell, regardless of R99 or HSPA
• Number of PS conversational service RABs successfully established in the best cell
- VS.RAB.SuccEstabPS.Conv
• Number of PS streaming service RABs successfully established in the best cell

- VS.RAB.SuccEstabPS.Str
• Number of PS interactive service RABs successfully established in the best cell

- VS.RAB.SuccEstabPS.Inter
• Number of PS background service RABs successfully established in the best cell

- VS.RAB.SuccEstabPS.Bkg

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Page100

- Number of PS RABs Requested to Establish at Different DL MBR (Max.
Bit Rate)
- The measurement items provide the number of PS RABs requested to
establish in the best cell according to different service types and
maximum downlink bit rates, regardless of R99 or HSPA

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Page101

- Number of PS RABs Successfully Established at Different DL MBR (Max.
Bit Rate)
- The measurement items provide the number of PS RABs successfully
established in the best cell according to different types of service and
maximum downlink bit rates, regardless of R99 or HSPA

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Page102
• the number of HSDPA RABs Setup Request for cell with different technology
- VS.HSDPA.RAB.DC.Attstab
- VS.HSDPA.RAB.64QAM.AttEstab
- VS.HSDPA.RAB.MIMO.AttEstab
- VS.HSDPA.RAB.MIMO64QAM.AttEstab
• the number of HSDPA MIMO+64QAM RAB Setup Success for cell with different technology
- VS.HSDPA.RAB.DC.SuccEstab
- VS.HSDPA.RAB.64QAM.SuccEstab
- VS.HSDPA.RAB.MIMO.SuccEstab
- VS.HSDPA.RAB.MIMO64QAM.SuccEstab

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• CS RABs Unsuccessfully Established for cell

- Number of CS RABs Unsuccessfully Established due to different reasons
- The measurement is triggered at point B as shown in the figure, when the RNC sends
the CN a RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message indicating that the operation fails
and the failure cause
 In this case, the RNC measures each
item in the best cell that the UE camps
on

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Page104

• The CS RAB setup failure counters relation in cell
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.Code.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.DLCE.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.DLIUBBand.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.DLIUCSBand.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.DLPower.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.IubAAL2Fail
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.IubFail
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.NodeBDLCE.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.NodeBULCE.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.PhyChFail
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.RBCfgUnsup
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.RBIncCfg
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.RNL
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.SRBReset
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.SRBReset.CSFB
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.TNL
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.ULCE.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.ULIUBBand.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.ULIUCSBand.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.ULPower.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.UuNoReply

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Page105

• The PS RAB setup failure counters relation in cell
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.Code.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.DLCE.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.DLIUBBand.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.DLIUPSBand.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.DLPower.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.HSDPAUser.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.HSUPAUser.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.IubAAL2Fail
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.IubFail
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.IUIntBrd.Overload
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.NodeBDLCE.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.NodeBULCE.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.PhyChFail
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.RBCfgUnsupp
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.RBIncCfg
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.RNL
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.SerExp.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.SRBReset
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.TNL
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.ULCE.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.ULIUBBand.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.ULIUPSBand.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.ULPower.Cong
VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.UuNoReply
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Page106
RAB Establishment KPI

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Page107
Soft Handover Factor [%]
• According to Huawei definition, the Soft Handover Factor is calculated by the following formula:
6
 UE
j 1
j *j
SHO.Factor  6
1
• Where:  UE
j 1
j
- j means the number of RL is j.
- UEj means the number of users with j RL
- [VS.SHO.AS.1RL]
- [VS.SHO.AS.2RL]
- [VS.SHO.AS.3RL]
- [VS.SHO.AS.4RL]
- [VS.SHO.AS.5RL]
- [VS.SHO.AS.6RL]

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Page108
Soft Handover Success Rate for All Services
• According to Huawei definition, the Soft Handover Success

Rate for all services is calculated by the following formula:
Number of Handover Success
Soft HandoverSu ccessRate 
Number of Handover Attempt

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Page109
Soft Handover Success Rate Counter (CELL)
• Number of RL Additions Attempt in Soft Handover (Cell)

- VS.SHO.AttRLAdd
• Number of Successful RL Additions in Soft Handover (Cell)
- VS.SHO.SuccRLAdd
• Number of Attempts to Delete RLs in Soft Handover (Cell)
- VS.SHO.AttRLDel
• Number of Successful RL Deletions in Soft Handover (Cell)
- VS.SHO.SuccRLDel

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Page110
Soft Handover Failures Counter (CELL)
• Number of RL Addition Failures in Soft Handover for

Different Causes (Cell)
VS.SHO.FailRLAdd.CfgUnsupp
VS.SHO.FailRLAdd.InvCfg
VS.SHO.FailRLAdd.ISR
VS.SHO.FailRLAdd.NoReply

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Page111
Inter-Freq Hard Handover Success Rate (CELL)
• According to Huawei definition, the Inter-Freq Hard

Handover Success Rate for Cell is calculated by the
following formulas:
VS.HHO.Int erFreq.Suc cOut
HHO.InterF req.SuccOu tRate.CELL 
VS.HHO.Int erFreq.Att Out
VS.HHO.Int erFreqIn.S ucc

HHO.InterF req.SuccIn Rate.CELL 
VS.HHO.Int erFreqIn.A tt

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Page112
Inter-Freq Hard Handover Failures Counter (CELL)
• Number of Unsuccessful Outgoing Inter-Frequency Hard Handovers for Different Causes (Cell)
- VS.HHO.InterFreqOut.CfgUnsupp : Configuration unsupported
- VS.HHO.InterFreqOut.PyhChFail : Physical channel failure
- VS.HHO.InterFreqOut.FailUSR : Incompatible simultaneous reconfiguration
- VS.HHO.InterFreqOut.CellUpdt : Cell update occurred
- VS.HHO.InterFreqOut.CfgInvalid : Invalid configuration
- VS.HHO.InterFreqOut.NoReply

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Page113
CS Inter-RAT Handover Procedure

• This procedure can be divided into two steps:
- Handover preparation:
• From point A to point B
- Handover execution
• From point C to point D

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Page114
CS Inter-RAT Handover Preparation Success Rate

Counter (CELL)
• Number of Successful Preparations for CS Domain
Outgoing Inter-RAT Handovers (Cell)
- IRATHO.SuccRelocPrepOutCS
• Number of Preparations for CS Domain Outgoing Inter-RAT
Handovers (Cell)
- IRATHO.AttRelocPrepOutCS

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Page115
CS Inter-RAT Handover Preparation Success Rate (CELL)
• According to Huawei definition, the CS Inter-RAT Handover Preparation

Success Rate for CELL is calculated by the following formula:
IRATHO.Suc cRelocPrep OutCS

IRATHOPrap .SuccCSRat e.CELL 
IRATHO.Att RelocPrepO utCS

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Page116
CS Inter-RAT Handover Preparation Failure
• Number of Unsuccessful Preparations for CS Domain Inter-RAT Outgoing Handovers for Different Causes
(Cell)
- IRATHO.FailRelocPrepOutCS.TAlExp : TRELOCalloc expiry
- IRATHO.FailRelocPrepOutCS.TgtFail : Relocation Failure in Target CN/RNC or Target System
- IRATHO.FailRelocPrepOutCS.ReloNoSup : Relocation not supported in Target RNC or Target system
- IRATHO.FailRelocPrepOutCS.HigherTrafficLod : Traffic Load In The Target Cell Higher Than In The Source Cell
- IRATHO.FailRelocPrepOutCS.NoResAvail : No Resource Available
- IRATHO.FailRelocPrepOutCS.UKnowRNC : Unknown Target RNC

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Page117
CS Inter-RAT Handover Success Rate Counter (CELL)
• Number of Successful CS Domain Outgoing Inter-RAT

Handovers (Cell)
- IRATHO.SuccOutCS
• Number of Attempts at CS Domain Outgoing Inter-RAT
Handovers (Cell)
- IRATHO.AttOutCS

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Page118
CS Inter-RAT Handover Success Rate (CELL)
• According to Huawei definition, the CS Inter-RAT Handover Success Rate

for Cell is calculated by the following formulas:
IRATHO.Suc cOutCS
InterRAT.S uccOutCSRa te.CELL 
IRATHO.Att OutCS

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Page119
CS Inter-RAT Handover Failures Counter (CELL)
• Number of Unsuccessful CS Domain Outgoing Inter-RAT

Handovers for Different Causes (Cell)
- IRATHO.FailOutCS.CfgUnsupp : Configuration Unsupported
- IRATHO.FailOutCS.PhyChFail : Physical Channel Failure

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Page120
HS-DSCH Service Cell Change Success Rate Counters

(with A-DCH SHO) (CELL)
• Number of Successful Changes of Serving Cells (Cell)
- VS.HSDPA.SHO.CellChg.SuccOut
• Number of Attempts to Change Serving Cells (Cell)
- VS.HSDPA.SHO.CellChg.AttOut

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Page121
HS-DSCH Service Cell Change Success Rate (with A-

DCH SHO)
• According to Huawei definition, the HS-DSCH Service Cell
Change Success Rate (with SHO) is calculated by the
following formulas:
VS.HSDPA.S HO.CellChg .SuccOut
VS.HSDPA.S ervCellChg .Succ.Rate 
VS.HSDPA.S HO.CellChg .AttOut

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Page122
E-DCH Soft Handover Success Rate Counters (CELL)
• Number of Success to Add or Delete EDCH Links due to

Soft Handover (Cell)
- VS.HSUPA.EDCH.SHO.Succ
• Number of Attempts to Add or Delete EDCH Links due to
Soft Handover (Cell)
- VS.HSUPA.EDCH.SHO.Att

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Page123
E-DCH Soft Handover Success Rate
• According to Huawei definition, the E-DCH Soft Handover

Success Rate is calculated by the following formulas:
VS.HSUPA.E DCH.SHO.Su cc
VS.HSUPA.E DCH.SHO.Su cc.Ratio 
VS.HSUPA.E DCH.SHO.At t

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Page124
FACH Utility Ratio
• According to Huawei definition, the FACH Utility Ratio is

calculated by the following formula:
• Traffic Volume on IUB_FACH (Cell)

- VS.CRNCIubBytesFACH.TX
• CRNC_Iub FACH Bandwidth (Cell)
- VS.CRNC.IUB.FACH.Bandwidth
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Page125
PCH Utility Ratio
• According to Huawei definition, the PCH Utility Ratio is

• Traffic Volume on IUB_PCH (Cell)

- VS.CRNCIubBytesPCH.Tx
• CRNC_Iub PCH Bandwidth (Cell)
- VS.CRNC.IUB.PCH.Bandwidth
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Page126
Cell CS Service Traffic Volume
• CS Traffic Counter:
- VS.AMR.Erlang.BestCell

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Page127
Cell PS Service Traffic Volume
• Measurement value for different PS services on Iub

interface
- UL PS Streaming Traffic Volume on Iub Interface (Cell)
• VS.SRNCIubBytesPSR99Str.Rx
- UL PS Interactive Traffic Volume on Iub Interface (Cell)
• VS.SRNCIubBytesPSR99Int.Rx
- UL PS Background Traffic Volume on Iub Interface (Cell)
• VS.SRNCIubBytesPSR99Bkg.Rx

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Page128
Cell PS Service Traffic Volume
• Measurement value for different PS services on Iub

interface
- DL PS Streaming Traffic Volume on Iub Interface (Cell)
• VS.SRNCIubBytesPSR99Str.Tx
- DL PS Interactive Traffic Volume on Iub Interface (Cell)
• VS.SRNCIubBytesPSR99Int.Tx
- DL PS Background Traffic Volume on Iub Interface (Cell)
• VS.SRNCIubBytesPSR99Bkg.Tx

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Page129
HSDPA UE Counters
• According to Huawei definition, the average number of DC-HSDPA UEs is obtained from the following
counters:
• Average Number of HSDPA UEs in a Cell
- VS.HSDPA.UE.Mean.Cell
• Maximum Number of HSDPA UEs in a Cell

- VS.HSDPA.UE.Max.Cell
• Average number of DC-HSDPA UEs in anchor carrier in a Cell

- VS.HSDPA.DC.PRIM.UE.Mean.Cell
• Average number of DC-HSDPA UEs in supplementary carrier in a Cell

- VS.HSDPA.DC.SEC.UE.Mean.Cell

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HSDPA UE Counters
• the number of HSDPA RABs for cell with different

technology
- VS.HSDPA.64QAM.UE.Mean.Cell
- VS.HSDPA.MIMO.UE.Mean.Cell
- VS.HSDPA.MIMO64QAM.UE.Mean.Cell

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Page131
Cell UL Power Load (UL Interference)

• According to Huawei definition, the Cell UL Power Load is calculated by the
following counter:
1
UL_Power_L oad  1  RTWP - PN
10
10
• Mean RTWP of a cell
- VS.MeanRTWP : mean value of all RTWPs reported in a certain period
• Maximum RTWP of a cell
- VS.MaxRTWP : maximum value of all RTWPs reported in a certain period
• Minimum RTWP of a cell
- VS.MinRTWP : minimum value of all RTWPs reported in a certain period
• Where PN is the thermal noise which is around -106dBm

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Cell Total DL Power Load
• According to Huawei definition, the Cell Total DL Power Load is calculated by the following formula:
TCP
Total_TCP_ Utility_Ra tio 
Configured _Total_Cel l_TCP
• Mean TCP of a cell
- VS.MeanTCP : mean value of all TCP s reported in a certain period
• Maximum TCP of a cell

- VS.MaxTCP : maximum value of all TCPs reported in a certain period
• Minimum TCP of a cell

- VS.MinTCP : minimum value of all TCPs reported in a certain period

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Page133
Cell Non-HSPA DL Power Load
• According to Huawei definition, the Cell Non-HSPA DL Power Load is

TCP.NonHS
Non_HSPA_T CP_Utility _Ratio 
Configured _Total_Cel l_TCP
• Mean non-HSPA TCP of a cell
- VS.MeanTCP.NonHS : mean value of all non-HSPA TCPs reported in a certain
period
• Maximum non-HSPA TCP of a cell,
- VS.MaxTCP.NonHS : maximum value of all non-HSPA TCPs reported in a certain
period
• Minimum non-HSPA TCP of a cell
- VS.MinTCP.NonHS : minimum value of all non-HSPA TCPs reported in a certain
period
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Page134
Cell Channel Element Load
• According to Huawei definition, the Cell Channel

Element Load is calculated by the following
counter:
UL_CE_Util ity_Ratio (NodeB) 
UL_Mean_Us ed_CE_Numb er_in_BH
Configured _UL_CE_Num ber
DL_Mean_Us ed_CE_Numb er_in_BH

DL_CE_Util ity_Ratio (NodeB) 
Configured _DL_CE_Num ber
• Mean CE Usages (Cell) :

- UL_Mean_Used_CE_Number = VS.LC.ULCreditUsed.CELL / 2
- DL_Mean_Used_CE_Number = VS.LC.DLCreditUsed.CELL
• Note: CE resource are shared by all the cells in one NodeB

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Page135
Related Counter
• Mean UL credit usage (cell)

- VS.LC.ULCreditUsed.CELL
• Mean DL credit usage (cell)
- VS.LC.DLCreditUsed.CELL

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Page136
Cell DL OVSF Code Load
• According to Huawei definition, the Cell DL OVSF

Code Load is calculated by the following formula:
R99_Mean_U sed_Code_in_BH
R99_Code_Utility_Rat io 
Max_R99_Av ailable_Co de
• Mean Number of Occupied Codes (Cell)

- VS.RAB.SFOccupy
- Note:
• The code number is normalized to SF = 256
• The occupied codes are the codes occupied by the common channel, R99 user, and HS-
DSCH

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4 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

• Users who need to send information: UE1, UE2 and UE3

6 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

• UE1 uses c1 for de-spreading.

8 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

9 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

UE1 de-spreading with c1: +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1 -1

UE2 de-spreading with c2: +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1

10 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

OVSF codes (Walsh) are completely orthogonal

11 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

17 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

18 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

19 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

• Mobile Management parameter optimization

41 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

• Cell Selection & Reselection

42 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

The cell selection criterion S is fulfilled when:

for FDD cells: Srxlev > 0 AND Squal > 0

for TDD cells: Srxlev > 0

Squal = Qqualmeas – Qqualmin

Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin - Pcompensation

43 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

44 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

- 1. If Sx > Sintrasearch, UE need not perform intra-frequency measurements.

If Sx <= Sintrasearch, perform intra-frequency measurements.

If Sintrasearch, is not sent for serving cell, perform intra-frequency measurements.

- 2. If Sx > Sintersearch, UE need not perform inter-frequency measurements.

If Sx <= Sintersearch, perform inter-frequency measurements.

If Sintersearch, is not sent for serving cell, perform inter-frequency measurements.

- 3. If Sx > SsearchRAT m, UE need not perform measurements on cells of RAT“ m".

If Sx <= SsearchRAT m, perform measurements on cells of RAT "m".

45 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

• All cells should satisfy S Criteria.

QUALMEAS = CPICH_EcNo or CPICH_RSCP

46 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

47 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

48 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

Neighbor cells both from same NodeB or

Measurement and filtering

50 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

51 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

• 1A (add a cell in Active Set)

52 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

• 1B (Remove a cell from Active Set)

53 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

• 1C (a non-active primary CPICH becomes better than an active

10  LogM New  CIONew  10  LogM InAS  CIOInAS  H1c / 2

54 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

• 1D (Change of best cell. If the chosen cell is not in Active Set,

10  LogM NotBest  CIONotBest  10  LogM Best  CIOBest  H1d / 2

MNotBest : the measurement result of a cell not stored in "best cell"

55 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

Parameter Name Description Default Setting

CellIndividalOffset Cell CPICH measured value offset; the sum of this 0

WEIGHT Weighting factor, used to determine the relative 0

FilterCoef Filter coefficient of L3 intra-frequency measurement D5,namely 5

56 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

UE NODEB RNC 3G MSC 2G MSC BSS

3. Measure Control (measure ID

57 22/04/2019 © Nokia 2014 - File Name - Version - Creator - DocID

1) Use Inter-frequency measurement reporting Event 2d, 2f