DESIGN OF SKEW

SLAB CULVERT
VIGNESH D
Skew bridge
Design a solid slab skew bridge having a clear span of
7.5m along the roadway without any footpath and
skew angle of 25˚ with IRC loading for N.H standard.
M20 grade concrete and Fe415 grade steel to be used

Given data:
clear span = 7.5m 7.5m 6.8m

skew angle = 25˚ 25 ˚

Clear span normal to the support = 7.5*cos25˚= 6.8 m

Effective span = clear span + effective depth
Assume, thickness of slab = 600mm
Effective depth = 600 – 40(clear cover) =560mm =0.56m
Effective span =6.8 + 0.56 =7.36m
Dead load moment :
600mm slab of density 2400 kg/m³ = 0.6*1*2400 = 1440kg
85mm thick wearing coarse of density 2500 kg/m³
= 0.085*1*2500 = 213kg
Parapet kerb = 140kg (assumed)
Total dead load = 1793kg =1800kg
𝑤𝑙²
Dead load moment =
8
D.L.M = (1800*7.36²)/8
= 12190 kgm.
Live load moment :
Class 70-R tracked vehicle at single lane is used for the test
Dispersion of load over the width of the span (be)
𝑥
be = Kx 1 − +𝑤
𝐿
X = Distance b/w the centre of gravity of the load to
the nearest support

L
X = L/2

=7.36/2 = 3.68m.
W = (tire contact length) + 2 (thickness of wearing coarse)
= 0.84 + 2(0.085) {tire contact length – refer IRC 6}
=1.01m
K = coefficient determined by b/L ratio
b = width of the slab
= (7.5 +0.465+0.465) sec (25) = 9.26m
L = effective span (SSB) or clear span (continuous beam)
= 7.36m
b/L = 1.26 IRC 21:2000
K= 2.69 Clause : 305.16.2
 W
𝑥
be = Kx 1 − +𝑤
𝐿

= 2.69 * 3.68 [1-(3.68/7.360]+1.01

Kerb
= 5.96m. 5.96m
Placing the track near the extreme end 0.84

Thus the track is plased overlap

1.2m from the kerb

Thus the dispersion of the load along
1.2 2.04 5.96/2
the width of the slab 0.465
0.84/2

= (5.96/2)+2.04+(0.84/2)+1.2+0.465.
= 7.105m.
Dispersion along span of the slab = (length of wheel contact) +
2(thickness of slab + thickness of wearing coarse)
= 4.57+2(0.6+0.085) = 5.94m.
Intensity of the load = (load/area)
= 70000/(7.105*5.94)
= 1659 kg/m²
= 1659 kg/m (for every 1m)
The influence line diagram is drawn for the bending moment as
follows:
𝑥(𝑙−𝑥)
At x =
𝑙

= 3.68(7.36-3.68)/7.36
= 1.84
𝑥(𝑙−𝑦)
At y =
𝑙

x = 3.68m
= 3.68(7.36-6.65)/7.36
y = 6.65m = 0.355
Live load moment = area of influence line diagram * loading
2∗(1.84+0.355)
= ∗ 2.97 ∗ 1659
2

=10815 kgm
Impact factor = 25%
Live load moment with impact = 1.25*10815 = 13520 kgm.
Design moment (M) = D.L.M + L.L.M
= 12190 + 13520
= 25710 kgm
= 252000 Nm.
 𝑀
Area of steel (As) =
𝑓𝑦∗𝑑∗𝑘
Permissible tensile stress in steel (fy) = 200Mpa
Effective depth (d) = 560 mm
Lever arm factor (k) = 0.9
252000∗10³
As= = 2490 mm²
200∗560∗0.9

Thus provide 22mm dia HYSD bar @150mm c/c = > As = 2535 mm²
Distribution steel :
Moment in transverse direction = 0.3*L.L.M + 0.2*D.L.M
= (0.3*13520) + (0.2*12190)
=6493kgm = 63600Nm
Area of steel (As) = (63600*10³)/(200*560*0.9)
= 648 mm²
Provide 12mm dia HYSD bar @ 150mm c/c.
Check for shear :
Due to the skew action acting on the bridge 30% of additional
stress act over the support present at the obtuse angle corner.

Maximum D.L shear per meter width = (wl/2)*1.3

= (1800*7.36 /2)*1.3
= 8610 kg
Shear force due to D.L = 8610 kg/m
Shear force due to Live load :
The dispersion of the load is calculated as calculated before
where the “x” value changes
x = 5.94/2
Thus,
be = 7.045m
Dispersion along span = 5.94 m
Intensity of live load = load / area
= 70000/(5.94*7.045)
=1673 kg /m²
 Maximum 1.42/7.36
shear force

Live load shear = area of influence line * load intensity

L.L shear = [(1.0+0.2)/2]*5.94*1673
= 6160 kg.
L.L shear with impact, skew action = 6160*1.25*1.3 = 10010 kg
Design shear = L.L shear + D.L. shear
= 8610 + 10010 = 18620 kg = 182500 N.
Shear stress = V/bd = 182500/(1000*560) = 0.33 Mpa
The permissible shear stress is 0.34Mpa hence there is no shear
reinforcement required
Reinforcement details
THANK YOU