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PERSONALITY

© 2003 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie Cook
 What is Personality?

EXHIBIT 4-1

© 2003 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 4–2

Characteristics of Personality
 It accounts for consistent patterns of behaviour
and their relative stability is sought.

 It induces the commonalities and differences in

the behaviour of people as compared to others.

 The ability to behave in the manner as required

by social pressures or biological pressures.
 Personality Traits

Personality Determinants
• Heredity
• Environment
• Situation

© 2003 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 4–4

Types of Personality
 Type A
 Type B
 Introvert
 Extrovert
 Authoritative
 Manipulative(Machiavellianism)
1. Type A Personality
– Restless
– Impatient
– Desire for quick achievement and perfectionism

2. Type B Personality
– Easy going
– Relaxed
– Less competitive
– Have balanced outlook towards life
Introvert
 Shy
 Prefer to be Alone
 Quiet
 Well ordered
 Emotionally unexpressive
 Prefer small groups
Extrovert
 Outgoing
 Aggressive
 Emotionally expressive
 Seeking novelty
 Sociable
 Carefree
Authoritative
 Obedient
 Respect for authority
 Endorse strong parental control
 Close minded
 Adhere to conventional values
 Make good followers
 Work better under directive supervision
Machiavellianism
 Manipulate others
 Work for personal gains
 Have high self confidence
 High self esteem
 Calculative
 Do not feel guilt in using unethical means
Locus of Control
It refers to an individuals perception of what
controls his or her fate.
1. Internal:- Individuals who believe that they
control what happens to them.
2. External:- Individuals who believe that what
happens to them is controlled by outside forces
such as luck or chance.
Self Esteem
 Refers to the degree of respect a person has for
himself
 Measure of self confidence and respect for one’s
ability and motivation
 Related to assertiveness, independence and
creativity
 People with high self esteem take up challenging
jobs and people with low self esteem lack
confidence and look for approval from others
Self Monitoring

 Individual’s ability to adjust his or her behavior

to external factors
 Pays closer attention to behavior of others
 More successful in managerial positions
 High self monitors can play multiple and even
contradictory roles
 Low self monitors find it difficult to disguise
their true feelings, emotions and reactions and
cannot adapt quickly to situations
Risk Taking

 Refer to the extent to which an individual is

prepared to take risks
 People differ in their willingness to take chances
 High risk taking people make decision quickly
without searching for much information
 Research has indicated that the accuracy of
decisions made by both risk taking and risk
averse people is almost the same
Risk-Taking
 High Risk-taking Managers
– Make quicker decisions
– Use less information to make decisions
– Operate in smaller and more entrepreneurial
organizations
 Low Risk-taking Managers
– Are slower to make decisions
– Require more information before making decisions
– Exist in larger organizations with stable environments
 Sixteen
Primary
Traits

EXHIBIT 4-2

© 2003 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 4–16

 Implication of Personality
 Recruitment and selection for Job fit
 Training and Development
 Managing Intra group conflict
 Stress Management
 Delegation of Authority
 Leadership
 Motivation.

© 2003 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 4–17

Thank you

© 2003 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 4–18