HVAC AND PLUMBING

CALCULATION OF A
RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX
Thesis Project
By
Khalil Youssef
Mohammad Abdallah
Mohammad Mansour

Supervisor: Dr. Youssef Abou Msallem

 Outline
Cooling System Calculations
Ventilating System Calculations
Plumbing System Calculations
Heating System Calculations
Pumps
Results
Conclusion
 Cooling System Calculations
Cooling Load
Area Determination

Presentation of Rooms Limits Presentation of Rooms Areas

 Cooling System Calculations
Cooling Load
Hourly Analysis Program (HAP)

Weather Properties Space Internals Window Properties

Space Generals Wall Properties Door Properties

Cooling System Calculations
Cooling Load
Hourly Analysis Program (HAP)

Complete Space Properties

Space Partitions Systems Properties

Cooling System Calculations
Cooling Load - Hourly Analysis Program (HAP)
AC Units Sizing

HAP Cooling Load Results

Presentation of AC Units
 Cooling System Calculations
Ducts Sizing
Grill Sizing

Q=V*A

Q: flow rate in m3/s ; V: air velocity in

m/s ; A: grill's area in m2

• Velocity is limited to 3m/s for grills

and 5m/s for ducts

•Duct’s Width shouldn’t exceed a

value higher than two and a half
times the duct’s length
Presentation of Ductulator Program
•Friction rate is set to 0.65 Pa/m
 Cooling System Calculations
Condensate Drain Pipes Sizing
Refrigerant Copper Pipes Sizing

UMC Standards for CD Pipes Condensate Drain Pipes Sizes

UMC Standards for Copper Pipes Copper Pipes Sizes

 Outline
Cooling System Calculations
Ventilating System Calculations
Plumbing System Calculations
Heating System Calculations
Pumps
Results
Conclusion
 Ventilating System Calculations
Exhaust Air Fan Sizing

Q = V*ACH/3.6

Q: flow rate in L/s

V: Room Volume in m3
ACH: Room Air Change in
Changes/hr

External Static Pressure Results

ESP Calculator Data Input EAF Fans List

 Outline
Cooling System Calculations
Ventilating System Calculations
Plumbing System Calculations
Heating System Calculations
Pumps
Results
Conclusion
 Plumbing System Calculations
Drainage Calculations
Sewage Pipes Sizing

Drainage FU’s for Fixtures & Groups

Drain Pipe Sizes Results

Drain Pipe Sizing Table

Plumbing System Calculations
Drainage Calculations - Sewage Vent Pipes Sizing

Sewage Vent Pipe Sizing Table

Sewage Vent Pipes Sizes Results

Plumbing System Calculations
Drainage Calculations
Rain Water Pipes Sizing

Rain Water Pipe Sizing Table

Rain Water Pipes Sizes Results

 Plumbing System Calculations
Water Supply Calculations – Water Supply Pipes Sizing

Pipe flow VS Pipe Friction Loss Graph Water Supply Pipes Sizing Tables
Plumbing System Calculations
Water Supply Calculations – Water Supply Pipes Sizing

Water Supply Pipes Sizes Results

Plumbing System Calculations
Water Supply Calculations
Water Tank Sizing

The tank capacity is determined as

follows:
6 bedrooms * 2 people/bedroom * 4
floors + 5 = 53 people
for residences 50 gals./day is chosen
50*53 = 2650 gallons/day
By converting from 1 m^3/day to
264.17 gallons/day
total: 10 m^3/day
Thus the tank capacity is 10 m^3
Water Requirements Table
 Plumbing System Calculations
Water Supply Calculations
Hot Water Tank Sizing

Hot Water Tank Sizing Result Hot Water Tanks Sizing Table

Tank Capacity = (15.2+76+57+38+76)*0.3*0.7=55 Liters

 Outline
Cooling System Calculations
Ventilating System Calculations
Plumbing System Calculations
Heating System Calculations
Pumps
Results
Conclusion
 Heating System Calculations
Radiators Capacities

Q = U * A * dT (For Walls, Partitions, Ceilings, Floors, Glass)

Q is the heat loss in watts
U is the thermal transmittance in W/m2.K
A is the total area in m2
dT is the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor in Kelvin or Celsius

Thermal Transmittance and Temperature Difference Materials Standards

q = ρ * Q * Cp * dT (For Infiltration)
q is the heat loss in watts
ρ the air density which is 1.23 Kg/m3
Q the flow rate in m3/hr
Cp the specific heat which is 1006 J/Kg.K
dT the temperature difference in Kelvin
 Heating System Calculations
Radiators Capacities

Q = V * ACH
Q is the flow rate in m3/hr
V is the volume of the room in m3
ACH is the air change rate per hour
q (watts) = 1.23 * V * ACH * 1006 * (1hr/3600 sec.) * dT
q = 0.333 * ACH * V * dT
q is the heat loss in watts
ACH is the air change rate per hour
Q the flow rate in m3/hr
V is the volume of the room in m3
dT the temperature difference in Kelvin

• dT and ACH are took as standard values of 20°C and 0.5 changes/hr
• Each radiator plate serves 130 Kcal./hr of heat
• 15% Safety factor is added to the total heat load
Heating System Calculations
Radiators Capacities

Radiator Capacity for Room #1

Radiators Capacities Results

Heating System Calculations
Boiler & Burner Capacities
Radiators Pipes Sizing

Boiler Capacity = Total Load * 1.45

Burner Capacity = Boiler Capacity * 1.10

Radiators HW Pipes Sizing Table

 Outline
Cooling System Calculations
Ventilating System Calculations
Plumbing System Calculations
Heating System Calculations
Pumps
Results
Conclusion
 Pumps
Pump Flow Rate
• Each 20 FU’s served by the pump equals 1 gpm of pump’s flow rate
otherwise Pump’s performance curve is used
• 5% safety factor is added to total flow rate
Pump Flow Rate
Ltotal = L + Le
L is the pipe length in feet
Le is the equivalent pipe length
All fittings equivalent length is took as 25%-50% of total pipe length as standard
Pump Head = Ltotal * Head Loss
Pump Head is in ft
Ltotal is the total pipe length in ft
HL is the head loss in ft/100ft
(Head loss is estimated to be between 5-7 ft/100ft)

Pumps Sizing Results

 Outline
Cooling System Calculations
Ventilating System Calculations
Plumbing System Calculations
Heating System Calculations
Pumps
Results
Conclusion
 Results
Cooling Design Implementation
CD
Condensate Drain
FAD
Fresh Air Duct
FD
Floor Drain
RCP
Return Copper Pipe
RAG
Return Air Grill
SCP
Supply Copper Pipe
SAD
Supply Air Duct
SAG
Supply Air Grill
TF
Typical Floor
VAV
Presentation of Cooling Design Variable Air Volume
 Results
Ventilation Design Implementation

Ventilation Design for Bathrooms Ventilation Design for Kitchens

EAL : Exhaust Air Louver ; EAF : Exhaust Air Fan ; EAD : Exhaust Air Duct ; ED : Exhaust Diffuser
 Results
Drainage Design Implementation
CO : Clean Out
FD : Floor Drain
SW : Sewage Water
TA : To Above
VP : Vent Pipe

Presentation of Drainage Design for Bathrooms

Presentation of Sump Pit & Sump Pump Configurations

 Results
Rain Water Design Implementation
Shafts Organization

Presentation of Rain Water Design CO : Clean Out

FD : Floor Drain
RW : Rain Water

Presentation of Shaft Organization

 Results
Water Supply Design Implementation

Presentation of Water Supply Design

AF : Ablution Faucet ; CW : Cold Water ; HW : Hot Water ; WHA : Water Hammer Arrestor
 Results
Heating Design Implementation

Presentation of Radiators Distribution

HWS : Hot Water Supply ; HWR : Hot Water Return ; R : Radiator
 Results
Heating Design Implementation
HWCP
Hot Water
Circulation
Pump
HWST
Hot Water
Storage Tank
HWS
Hot Water
Supply
HWR
Hot Water
Return
CW
Cold Water

Presentation of Mechanical Room

 Outline
Cooling System Calculations
Ventilating System Calculations
Plumbing System Calculations
Heating System Calculations
Pumps
Results
Conclusion
 Conclusion
• Each project deliverable was done on time as specified in the schedule of proposal
without any delays

• While working on the project, the focus was kept on accomplishing the design without
missing any details

• Design was applied on AutoCAD based on all calculations and dimensions that we got
from different software concerning HVAC and plumbing systems specifications

• The main goal was to apply the complete mechanical design with minimum energy
consumption and cost

• further work could be done to reach more advanced stages of mechanical design such
as shop drawing and as-built drawing plans