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Bahir Dar University

Bahir Dar Institute of Technology


Title :Design and manufacturing of
maize shelling and decorticating machine
BY:
1. Haimanot Yeserah
2. Chanie Abebe
Advisor Name : Mr. Solomon.T 3. Feven Getye

Date Feb. 26/2019


Outline of the presentation

Introduction

Literature review

Methodology

Work plan

Budget plan
Introduction

• Ethiopia is one of the largest maize producing


Countries in Africa . It has about 9 million
farmers. [Dawit. et al (2014)]

• Maize is mainly grown in the four big


regions: Oromia, Amhara, SNNP, and Tigray.

[CSA, 2012]
Cont’d…
Regional distribution of maize production
Oromia…………………..41.9%
Amhara…….............…..…28.6%
SNNP…………….……….18.7%
Tigray………………….….. 6.9%
Benishangul Gumuz………..2.4%

[(CSA, 2013)]
Cont’d…

Threshing of maize is done using three methods

manual

animal trampling and

use of manual or engine driven threshers


(Leonides and Toshiro, 2005)
Features of the machine

shelling and decorticating are used in small farm

corn decorticating machine remove the skin of


corn

corn shelling machine removed maize from the


cob

one diesel engine control the two functional unit

Very convenient, and can save a lot of labor


Problem of statements

Shelling and peeling of maize in Ethiopia are


labor intensive, time consuming and wasteful.

Available machines for maize do not perform


two operations shelling and peeling and most
are not cost effective.
Significance of the project

After manufacturing the machine, it will have

 reduce burdens regarding post harvesting of


maize.

Minimize importing currency of farm


machines.
Scope of the project

The general scope of the project is up to


testing and evaluating the performance of the
machine by manufacturing the design and by
preparing detailed manufacturing drawing
Objective of project
Main objective
• The main objective of this project is to test
and evaluate the performance of maize
decorticator and Sheller machine after
designing and manufacturing it.
Cont’d…

Specific objective

• Design shelling and decorticating machine


components

• Manufacturing the machine

• Testing the machine


Literature review
Categories of the literature are

1. Engineering properties of maize

2. Development and background of machine

3. Performance evaluation of machine

4. Cost economics of operation


1. Engineering properties of maize

 mechanical properties as related to combine


cylinder performance.[Anazodo et al. (1980)]

mechanical properties of maize grains


determined by use of discrete element method
(DEM) simulation.[Montellanoet al. (2012) ]
2. development of machine

The recommended cylinder peripheral speed

was 750 to 1220 m min-1 with concave

clearance of 22 to 30 mm.[Joshi (1981) ]


3. Performance evaluation of equipment

• the peripheral velocity, shape of impact


member and the elasticity of its material have
a direct influence on the threshing percentage

[Singh and Pathak (1973)]


Cont’d…
• shelling efficiency increased with increase in
cylinder speed and reduction in concave
clearance.

[Sandhar and Panwar (1974)]


Cont’d…

• kernel moisture content and cylinder speed


were highly significant in analysis of variance
for damaged corn kernel percentages

[Chowdhury and Buchele (1976) ]


4. Cost economics of operation

pedal operated maize dehusker sheller was


best suited for small and marginal farmers.
The power operated machines suitable for
large farmers. [Ali et al. (1986) ]
Cont’d…

power operated maize sheller reduce labour


intensiveness during peak harvesting season

[Swapanet al. (2007) ]


Cont’d…

• compared to the rotating cylinder Sheller by


applying impact force, disc sheller is (using
abrasive force) has higher shelling
performance (grain quality, grain breakage)

[Nkakiniet al. (2007)]


Methodology

 Referring relevant documents.


 Interview farmers & machine manufacturers
 Concepts generation for design
 Conceptual design for machine
 Analyzing alternative design concepts by
assigning weight and other parameter
Cont’d..

 Selecting the best concept that fits the


objective and making preliminary and detail
analysis to it
 Force analysis using ansys software and by
using mechanics, dynamics and kinematics
concepts
Cont’d…

 Preparing 2d and 3d manufacturing drawings


by solid work software
 Manufacturing the machine by using
manufacturing drawing s and selected
materials.
 Test and evaluate the performance of the
machine.
Schedule

No Main activity Length of Duration


. time
1 Finalizing design Min.1month Min. Feb 25 –
documentation mar.25
Max. 2month Max. Feb. 25
- apr25

2 Manufacturing the 1 month Apr. 30 –


machine may.30
3 Testing and evaluation Max. of 1 Jun. 1 - jun.
month 30
4 Finalizing document 1week Jul. 1 – jul.8
and defense
Cost estimation

1. Material cost 19348.2 ETB


2. Communication 120 ETB
3. Utility cost 350ETB
4. Travel cost 1000ETB
5. Document preparation 300ETB
6. Stationery cost 350 ETB
7. Contingency (15%) 3219 ETB
Total cost 24686 ETB

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