Submitted By:

xxxxxxx
Roll No: 67/1
Department of Power Electronics And Instrumentation Engineering
Jorhat Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat
INTRODUCTION

A network topology is the arrangement of a network, including its nodes and

connecting lines. There are two ways of defining network geometry: the physical
topology and the logical topology.

TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

There are six types of network topology:
•Bus Topology
•Star Topology
•Ring Topology
•Mesh Topology
•Tree Topology
•Hybrid Topology
BUS TOPOLOGY

All nodes are connected to a single communication line that

carries messages in both directions.
ADVANTAGES

•Works well for small networks.

•Relatively inexpensive to implement.
•Easy to add to it.

DISADVANTAGES

•Management costs can be high.

•Potential for congestion with network traffic.
RING TOPOLOGY

A configuration that connects all nodes in a closed loop on

which messages travel in one direction.
ADVANTAGES

•Easier to manage; easier to locate a defective node or cable

problem.
•Well-suited for transmitting signals over long distances on a
LAN.
•Handles high-volume network traffic.
•Enables reliable communication.

DISADVANTAGES
•Expensive
•Requires more cable and network equipment at the start
•Not used as widely as bus topology
oFewer equipment options
oFewer options for expansion to high-speed
communication
STAR TOPOLOGY

A configuration that centers around one node to which all

others are connected and through which all messages are sent.
ADVANTAGES

•Easy to connect new nodes or devices.

•Centralized management. It helps in monitoring the network.
•Failure of one node or link doesn’t affect the rest of network.
•At the same time its easy to detect the failure and
troubleshoot it.

DISADVANTAGES

•Too much dependency on central device has its own

drawbacks. If it fails whole network goes down.
•The use of hub, a router or a switch as central device increases
the overall cost of the network.
•Performance and as well number of nodes which can be added
in such topology is depended on capacity of central device.
MESH TOPOLOGY

In a mesh topology each node is directly connected to some or

all other nodes present in the network. A fully connected mesh
topology have n(n-1)/2 linking channels.
ADVANTAGES

•Data can be transmitted from different devices

simultaneously. This topology can withstand high traffic.
•Even if one of the components fails there is always an
alternative present. So data transfer doesn’t get affected.
•Expansion and modification in topology can be done without
disrupting other nodes.

DISADVANTAGES

•There are high chances of redundancy in many of the network

connections.
•Overall cost of this network is way too high as compared to
other network topologies.
•Set-up and maintenance of this topology is very difficult. Even
administration of the network is tough.
TREE TOPOLOGY

It connects multiple star networks to other star networks.

ADVANTAGES
•It is an extension of Star and bus Topologies, so in networks
where these topologies can't be implemented individually for
reasons related to scalability, tree topology is the best
alternative.
•Error detection and correction is easy.
•Each segment is provided with dedicated point-to-point
wiring to the central hub.
•If one segment is damaged, other segments are not affected.

DISADVANTAGES
•Because of its basic structure, tree topology, relies heavily on
the main bus cable, if it breaks whole network is crippled.
•As more and more nodes and segments are added, the
maintenance becomes difficult.
•Scalability of the network depends on the type of cable used.
HYBRID TOPOLOGY

A network which contain all type of physical structure and

connected under a single backbone channel.
ADVANTAGES:

•Very reliable and easy to detect the Faulty system.

•Troubleshooting is easy.
•It includes both wired and wireless network.
•It is an expandable network.

DISADVANTAGES

•Its design is difficult to understand.

•The cost of this network design is high, because of the
requirement of a lot of cables, cooling systems, etc.
•MAU ( Multi-station Access Unit) is required.
CONCLUSION

The Network of Topology differs form place to place. But how

ever, all of them have their advantages & Disadvantages. If the
server Problem occurs or Server gets down, then topology faces
its failure. Understanding of Computer Network Topology is
fundamental to any network analysis effort, and may prevent
wasted effort in the pursuit of less productive analysis
approaches.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

•Behrouz A. Forouzan, Data Communications and Networking,

Fourth Edition.
•https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/network-topology
•https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/network-topologies-
computer-networks/
Thank You