Residue after burning of fossil fuels

Fly Ash Bottom Ash Clinker

 CONSTITUENTS OF ASH
SiO2 60%
Al2O3 10%
Fe2O3 14%
CaO 8%
MgO 2%
SO3 5%
Others Rest
ASH FUSION CHARACTERSTICS
IDP 1250OC
BP 1350OC
FDP 1400OC
 CGR
(Dia 6000mm)

AAF
(Dia 3000mm)

FLAME
CORE
EQUIPMENT USED FOR REMOVING ASH AND
CLEANING BOILER’S FURNACE SIDE

AFTER BURNING GRATES

SUBMERGED SCRAPPER CONVEYOR.
STEAM SOOT BLOWERS.
WATER LANCES
 ABG AND ASH HOPPER SCRAPER SYSTEM (TS I EXP)
HOT COMBUSTION AIR
P P

M M

M M
P P P P P P P P P P

SERVICE WATER

ASH HOPPER
SERVICE WATER COOLING BARS

TO WASTE
ASH HOPPER
ABG VIEW FROM LEFT WALL

`
To take up the combustion chamber ash
To minimise the unburnt residue.
To absorb the kinetic energy of falling slag chunks.
To attain an eveness of ash discharge.
To store the combustion chamber ash.
To attain an air tight seal to the surrounding.
To create a surface under boiler for inspections.
To minimise the steam explosions.
Traveling Grates 2 per boiler
Ash rate 5.4 t/h (min) & 8.1 t/h( max)
Ash collecting time on grates 4 hrs
Max.Ash loads on grates 20 hrs
Under grate air temp. 250oC(normal)/310oC(max)
Under grate air pressure 15 mbar
Under grate air quantity 2.1 t/h
Grate Width 2.1 m
Grate length, axle distance / 6.4 m / 5.5 m
usable
Grate area, total / usable 13.44 m2 / 11.55 m2
Grate drive motor power 4 kw
Sifting De Ashers 2 per boiler
Sifting deasher width 1.8 m
Sifting deasher length 6.4 m
Sifting deasher, driving power 1.5 kw
Air tight sealing for the bottom of the furnace.
Systematic cooling down of the furnace ash.
Quenching of the ash.
Ash discharge and conveyance.
Material Conveyed Bottom Ash
Distance between centers 15,400 mm
Capacity 8.1 t/hr
Conveying Speed 0.02 m/sec
Trough Width 1600 mm
Motor Installed 1.5 kw
Motor Speed 1500 rpm
Water temperature 55oC (for normal opn.)
60oC (when conveying
maximum ash 25t/h)
WORKING OF ABG & SSC
 SLAGGING

DEPOSITION OF MOLTEN OR
PARITIALLY FUSED ASH PARTICLES ON
FURNACE TUBE SURFACES IS CALLED
SLAGGING.
SLAGGING MAINLY OCCURS ON
WATER WALL TUBES.
WATER LANCES ARE USED FOR
CLEANING THE WATER WALLS.
ARRANGEMENT OF WATER LANCE
 WATER LANCES
8 NOS. INSTALLED
2 NOS. PER WATER WALL.
30.360M LEVEL& 34.700M LEVEL (PROVISION AVAILABLE AT 17.2M)
PROVIDED WITH TWO PUMPS AT ‘0’M LEVEL TO BOOST SERVICE
WATER PRESSURE.
OPERATING WATER PRESSURE 10-12 BAR.
WATER FLOW 25-27 T/HR
MAXIMUM ANGLE OF JET HEAD IS 90O.
AREA COVERED BY WATER LANCE
 FOULING

CONDENSATION OF VOLATILE INORGANICS ON

HEAT TRANSFER AREA IS CALLED FOULING.
FOULING MAINLY OCCURS ON CONVECTIVE
HEAT TRANSFER SURFACES LIKE SUPEHEATERS,
REHEATERS & ECONOMISERS.
STEAM SOOT BLOWERS ARE PROVIDED IN THE
BOILER FOR CLEANING THESE DEPOSITION.
ARRANGEMENT OF STEAM SOOT BLOWERS
STEAM SOOT BLOWERS SCHEME PI
M

STEAM FROM SH BANKS

Po = 161.4 Bar,
To = 462C , F =
0.62 Kg/s

RIGHT COLUMN
LEFT COLUMN
EL 64051

EL 56331

EL 53233
RSD SOOT TI PI

BLOWERS M
EL 49583 E
H
STEAM FROM AUX. HEADER
Po = 18 Bar, To =
260 C , F = 0.62
Kg/s

Flue gas Flue gas

RAPH Air Air RAPH

M M M

TO IBD TANK
24 STEAM SOOT BLOWERS ARE INSTALLED.
6 FOR SH3
6 FOR RH2
6 FOR SH2
6 FOR ECO
18 SPACES FOR FUTURE ADDITION ARE
PROVIDED
6 STEAM SOOT BLOWERS FOR RSDs PROVIDED.
4 STEAM SOOT BLOWERS FOR RAPHs
PROVIDED.