ALTERNATE POWER RESOURCES

By: Sana Ahmed

Nuclear Energy
What is Nuclear Energy?
The energy created by atomic fusion
and fission
Fission :When atom splits into its
parts.
Fusion: when two or more atoms
are fused together.
In Pakistan the reaction of fission is
used to produce energy.
 Nuclear Power
• How does it work?
• It works in the same way as fossil fuels to produce energy.
• They use heat energy to make steam which moves turbine and produces
electricity.
• Pakistan has various Nuclear plants in working and planned in future.
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear Plants in Pakistan
Nuclear Energy
Advantages Disadvantages

• Pakistan already suffering • Nuclear rods in reactors

from Energy crisis , due to may emit harmful radiations
lack of fossil fuels. which can cause cancer and
Therefore, it’s a safe and also results in the
better alternative e.g. half production of deformed
kg of uranium can produce 3 babies.
million times more energy
• Pakistan is financially weak
than coal.
and cannot bear the
It can provide better and expense of a Nuclear plant.
efficient form of energy
without causing green house
effect or Acid Rain.
 Thermal Energy
• The type of energy which is produced by burning fossil fuels
such as; Oil, Coal and Gas.
• The rising demand for electricity in Pakistan and it being a
electricity deficit country, Pakistan has to utilize all the resources
it has to improve its economy.
• As these are non renewable energy resources therefore Pakistan
government is looking for alternate methods to produce energy
through renewable resources such as , wind and solar power.
How it works?
 Pakistan’s Thermal Plants
Pakistan has an installed electricity generation capacity of
22,797 MW in 2013. The average demand is 17,000 MW and the
shortfall is between 4,000 and 5,000 MW. Oil (35.2 per cent),
hydel (29.9 per cent), gas (29 per cent), and nuclear, solar and
imported (6 per cent) are the principal sources. In the next 10
years, peak electricity demand is expected to rise by four to five
per cent, which is roughly 1,500 MW.
Many thermal power stations are built and working in Sindh and
Punjab.
Thar coalfield project to be completed in near future.
Thermal Energy
Solar Power
• Solar energy is energy of sunlight
stored through photovoltaic cells.
• Solar panels are used to store energy
and then
• Soar furnaces use mirrors in order to
boil water produce steam
• Pakistan has enough potential from 200
– 350 days are sunny.
• It can be used in rural electrification
projects, for cooking and heating
purposes
• It is efficient and produces more energy

• It is expensive to put up solar plants .

• Quaid e Azam Solar power plant in
Bahwalpur.
Quaid e Azam Solar Park
Wind Power
• Wind power is affordable and environmental friendly source of
providing energy .
• The windmills turn kinetic energy into mechanical energy to
produce energy.
• The mechanical energy can only be used for specific purposes
such as, grinding etc.…
• The turbine attached to the windmills turn this mechanical
energy into electricity.
• Gharo wind power plant is palnned to be built in Sindh which
can produce upto 50 MW of energy.
• Coastal line of Pakistan is 1000 m long and can be utilized for
planting windmills.
Gharo Wind Power
Geo-Thermal Power
• Geo thermal power is the energy derived from the heat of the
earth’s core.
• Geothermal energy is produced from earth’s heat absorbed in
underground water.(such as hot springs)
• The holes are drilled to pump out hot water which is used to
drive the turbines which generate electricity.
• Pakistan has the potential to produce geo thermal energy in
Himalayan and Chagai regions in Balouchistan.
• Geological surveys and research is required to identify the
areas of hot springs and economic sources involved.
Tidal power
• Tidal energy is derived from
the movements of tides
which comes in and out due
to the gravitational pull of
the Moon.
• Indus Deltaic Creek system
is a great asset for future
energy supply in Sindh.
• The creek system of Indus
Delta extends over 170 km.
Bio Mass & Bio Gas
• It refers to use of organic material to produce energy
• Cow dung is used in villages as a source of fuels.
• It causes severe indoor pollution.
• Energy is produced through numerous processes such as
fermentation and gasification.
• Fermentation gives off methane gas by burning cow dung.
Organizations involved
• WAPDA
• KESC
• KANUPP
• IPP