GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS (Autonomous)

DEPARTMENT OF EEE

TECHNICAL SEMINAR
ON

SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY

BY:

D. BHANU SAI 166F5A0240

Seminar Coordinator Head of the Department

Mr. P. Parthasaradhi Reddy Dr. K. Santhi
M.tech, M.E., Ph.D
Associate Professor HoD
 CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY
 EVOLUTION
 NEED FOR SMART GRID
 WHAT IS SMART GRID?
 POWER FLOW NETWORKS
 DIFFERECNE BETWEEN NORMAL GRID & SMART GRID
 BLOCK DIAGRAM
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
• INEGRATED COMMUNICTION
• DISTRIBUTION METERING SYSTEM (DMS)
• ADVANCED METERING INFRASTRUCTURE (AMI)
 TOP 10 COUNTRIES WITH SMART GRID
 SMART GRID IN INDIA
 COMPANIES WORKING ON SMART GRID
 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
 CONCLUSION
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 INTRODUCTION
 Before we can begin to modernize today’s grid, we first need a clear vision of the power
system required for the future.

 A “Smart Grid” is simply an advanced electrical distribution system.

 Smart Grid is of a Two way Distribution system which comprises of electricity and internet
transfer and receiving.

 The basic idea of Smart grids is about information and control as much as power
management.

 This information can reroute electricity around problem spots until the problem is fixed, and
adjust power levels to match demands.

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 HISTORY

 Through the 1970s to the 1990s, growing demand led to increasing numbers of power
stations.
 In the 1980s, automatic meter reading was used for monitoring loads from large customers,
and evolved into the Advanced Metering Infrastructure of the 1990s, whose meters could
store how electricity was used at different times of the day.
 Monitoring and synchronization of wide area networks were revolutionized in the early
1990s when the Bonneville Power Administration expanded its smart grid research with
prototype sensors that are capable in maintaining electricity quality over very large
geographic areas.

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 EVOLUTION
 Since the early 21st century, opportunities to take advantage of improvements in electronic
communication technology to resolve the limitations and costs of the electrical grid have
become apparent.

 The first official definition of Smart Grid was provided by the Energy Independence and
Security Act of 2007 (EISA-2007), which was approved by the US Congress in January
2007, and signed to law by President George W. Bush in December 2007.

 Other countries are rapidly integrating this technology — China started having a
comprehensive national Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) when the past 5-year
economic plan completed in 2012.

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 NEED FOR A SMART GRID

• Conventional grid has electromechanical arrangements, which are highly inefficient.

• False tripping and frequency power failure.

• Energy demand is increasing at a faster rate than energy supply because of the
increase in population.

• So no of grids increase to feed the demand.

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 WHAT IS SMART GRID?

 It is an electric grid that uses information and communication technology to gather

data and act on information about the behavior of suppliers and consumers in an
automated fashion.

 Hence Smart grid is a generic label for the application of computer, intelligence and
networking abilities to the existing dumb electricity distribution systems.

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 POWER FLOW NETWORKS

NORMAL POWER GRID SMART GRID

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DIFFERECNE BETWEEN NORMAL GRID & SMART GRID

CHARACTERISTICS NORMAL POWER GRID SMART GRD

Technology Electromechanical Digital

Distribution One-Way Distribution Two-Way Distribution

Generation Centralized Distributed

Sensors Few Sensors Sensors Throughout

Monitoring Manual Self

Restoration Manual Self-Healing

Equipment Failure & Blackout Adaptive

Control Limited Pervasive

Customer Choices Fewer Many

9
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

An integrated communication system having both transfer of information and distribution of

electrical energy
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 WORKING OF SMART GRID

 Smart Grid utilizes intelligent electricity transmission and distribution networks that
use a two-way communication to increase the efficiency, reliability and safety of
power delivery. Various technologies are used to enable the smart grid operation.
 These key technologies can be grouped into THREE key technology areas:
• Integrated communications
• Distribution management system (DMS)
• Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

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Integrated Communication
 Due to integrated communication, information can be more rapidly transferred between
transmission stations to system control center.
 It must be designed in such a way to be able to cope with today’s applications and also to
accommodate future ones.

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Distribution management system (DMS)
 Distribution management system (DMS) software mathematically models the electric
distribution network and predicts the impact of outages, transmission, generation,
voltage/frequency variation, and more.
 It helps reduce capital investment by showing how to better utilize existing assets, by enabling
peak shaving via demand response (DR), and by improving network reliability.

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 Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)
 It is comprised of systems that measure, gather and evaluate the amount of energy
used and communicate with metering devices.
 These systems consist of hardware, software, communications, Meter Data
Management software, consumer energy displays and controls and many others.
 Advanced metering infrastructure is a way to integrate consumers’ base on open
standards.

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  It provides consumers make efficient use of their electricity and provides utilities the
ability to detect problems on their system to be able to operate properly and efficiently.

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TOP 10 COUNTRIES WITH SMART GRID

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 SMART GRID IN INDIA

 National Smart Grid Mission has been established by Govt. of India vide
Memorandum dated 27.03.2015 to accelerate Smart Grid deployment in India.
 Country's first smart grid project, which will generate power from renewable
sources of energy, has been created by the Indian Institute of Engineering Science
and Technology (IIEST) in 2017.
 India ranks 76th in the World Electricity Forum (WEF).

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 The Smart Grid pilot projects sanctioned by Ministry of Power which are completed /
under implementation are as follows:
 APDCL, Assam
 CESC, Mysore
 HPSEB, Himachal Pradesh
 PED, Puducherry
 TSECL, Tripura
 TSSPDCL, Telangana
 UHBVN, Haryana
 UGVCL, Gujarat
 WBSEDCL, West Bengal
 IIT Kanpur
 SGKC, Manesar
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 COMPANIES WORKING ON SMART GRID

• IBM
• Itron
• Siemens
• S&C
• Schneider Electric
• Opower
• Silver Springs Networks
• Tendril

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 Advantages

 It reduces Electricity theft.

 It reduces Electricity losses (transmission, distribution etc.).
 It reduces Electricity cost, meter reading cost, operating and maintenance cost, etc.
 It reduces equipment failure.
 The repair and replacement time of damaged equipment's are reduced.
 It reduce air emission of harmful gases such as CO2 , SOx , NOx , etc.

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 Disadvantages
 The biggest concern comes under Privacy, such that only a person can hack the
digitalized meters and gain access over them.
 Mode of operation and control is difficult.
 Highly skilled workers are required.
 This method is Highly expensive.
 Replacement of damaged equipment's are costly to be replaced.

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 CONCLUSION
Smart Grids are most comprehensive technology during recent years and it has been grown
rapidly because of its benefits.

GRID OPERATORS will enjoy a improvement in monitoring and control capabilities that will
in turn enable them to deliver a higher level of system reliability.

UTILITIES will experience lower distribution losses, deferred capital expenditures and reduced
maintenance costs.

CONSUMERS will gain greater control over their energy costs, including generating their own
power, while realizing the benefits of a more reliable grid.

THE ENVIRONMENT will benefit from reductions in peak demand, the proliferation of
renewable power sources, and a corresponding reduction in emissions of CO2 as well as
pollutants such as mercury.

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