Assignment NO:01

 Muhammad Sheraz khan

 146C -316503
 BS-Tech (Mechanical)
 Plant Maintenance And Reliability Engineering
 Engr: Umer Riaz

 PRESTON UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD

Question NO:01
List out the polices/methods of maintenance
those are followed for various machines in the organization where you
are working or the one, which you are familiar with. How are those
polices executed in the organization ?

Answer
•
Failure-based Maintenance
•
Time-based Maintenance
•
Contractual Maintenance
•
Reliability-centred Maintenance
•
Condition-based Maintenance or Dynamic
Predictive Maintenance
Maintenance • Predictive Maintenance
Polices/Methods:
• Emergency Maintenance
• Operate to Failure and Corrective
Maintenance
Continued…

• No Maintenance Technique
• Preventive Maintenance
• Maintenance Prevention
• Productive Maintenance
• Breakdown Maintenance or Corrective
Maintenance
• Planned Maintenance
• Scheduled Maintenance
Maintenance • Shutdown Maintenance
Polices/Methods • Fixed Time Maintenance
• Design Out Maintenance
• Tero-technology or Total Productive
Maintenance or Logistics and Physical
Assets Management
 Maintenance
Strategies
Planned Unplanned

RCM TBM CBM TPM FBM

PM SDM PAM
BDM
LOGISTICS
FTM
MP
TERO EM
SM TECH
DOM
PLANNED OFCM

PRODUCTIVE
NO
MAINTENANCE
PREDICTIVE
Failure-based Maintenance
 The simplest maintenance strategy is to execute run to failure maintenance
(also known as “run to fail”). And the usable condition of the equipment is
to restore and to correct or rectify the failure. FBM maintenance is assumed
as an unplanned maintenance.

Time-based Maintenance
 Time-based maintenance (TBM)is maintenance performed on equipment
based on a calendar schedule. Or to maintain the machine after certain
predetermined period of time. TBM maintenance is planned maintenance,
as it must be scheduled in advance.

Contractual Maintenance
 The contract between 2 parties which creates the agreement that one party
will maintain an asset owned by another party, is common across many
industries. To save maintenance cost or due to warrantee/guarantee period.
 Service contracts, sub-contracts, maintenance provided by the original
equipment manufacturer (OEM). CM maintenance is unplanned
maintenance.
Reliability-centred Maintenance
 RCM is a corporate-level maintenance strategy that is implemented to
optimize the maintenance program of a company or facility. It is used to
enhance the reliability of the equipment and build the confidence of the
user. MP, DOM, PM are included in RCM. It is planned maintenance.

Condition-based Maintenance or Dynamic Predictive

Maintenance
 CBM is a maintenance strategy that monitors the actual condition of an
asset to decide what maintenance needs to be done. It is used to improve
the condition and performance of the equipment. It is fall into planned
maintenance.

Predictive Maintenance
 The aim of PdM is first to predict when equipment failure might occur, and
secondly, to prevent the occurrence of the failure by performing
maintenance or to reduce the effect and to stop the failure.
 Monitoring for future failure allows maintenance to be planned before the
failure occurs.
Emergency Maintenance
 In EM situations requiring immediate attention because of failure and to
attend the breakdown or failure without delaying and to prevent further loss
or control situation. This policy is applied in the emergency wards of a
hospital, fire stations, police stations, underground mines, etc. Emergency
Maintenance is an unplanned maintenance.

Operate to Failure and Corrective Maintenance

 In this maintenance policy, no predetermined action is taken to prevent
failure and the emphasis is given on efficient corrective maintenance. It is
carried out on the machine whose guaranteed life is already utilized. The
equipment is run till it fails without any attempts being made to prevent the
failures. When failure occurs, it is rectifies if it is minor and economical,
otherwise scrapped or sold by making necessary replacement analysis.
 OFCM is an unplanned maintenance.
No Maintenance Technique
 This maintenance policy is to avoid maintenance of the equipment. In other
words, under this policy, the maintenance of equipment is not required. In
general terms, this is often called use and throw system, the syringes,
razors, blades, etc. Recycling is not possible (e.g., non-rechargeable
batteries, cement, etc. NMT is unplanned maintenance.

Preventive Maintenance
 PM is maintenance that is regularly performed on a piece of equipment to
reduce the possibility of failure. It is performed while the equipment is still
working so that it dose not break down unexpectedly. Proverbial saying
“Prevention is better than cure”. Oiling, greasing, cleaning, etc are
functions of preventive maintenance.

Maintenance Prevention
 In this maintenance the objective is to eliminate or to reduce the frequency
of maintenance work or to prevent the maintenance by replacing with new
parts when old parts fail. This may be due to the reason that the new parts
are believed to give trouble-free performance with high reliability. MP is an
planned maintenance.
Productive Maintenance
 To improve the productivity by carrying out the maintenance on machine
parts by providing alternative without shutting down the machine. The
equipment is so designed that the units or assemblies can be easily replaced
as and when necessary before a breakdown occurs. Productive maintenance
is an planned maintenance. Repair time and loss of productive hours are
reduced.
Breakdown Maintenance or Corrective Maintenance
 BDM is maintenance performed on equipment that has broken down and is
unusable, or to repair the machine after failure occurs. As stated by
Murphy, if machine can fail, it will. Hence no machine is completely
immune to failures.
 The BDM starts on the
machine from the moment it
fails and end when it is
repaired and handed over to
the production personnel.
 It may be either planned or
unplanned.
Planned Maintenance
 Planned maintenance refers to any maintenance activity that is planned,
documented, and scheduled. The aim of planned maintenance id to reduced
downtime by having all necessary resources on hand. Or to maintain
systematically at regular intervals with a checklist and fixed maintenance
durations such as minor/major overhauls.

Scheduled Maintenance
 SM activities are tasks that are set up to occur ahead of time. The focus of
this maintenance is to keep the equipment clean, presentable, and in proper
functional condition. In the beginning of the year the maintenance
schedules are prepared in such a way that the schedules will least affect the
production. Like lubrication or replacement of oil, cleaning of boilers and
tanks, etc.
Shutdown Maintenance
 This type of maintenance is carried out when the equipment is out of
service. When ever the machine is not in use, like shortage of materials,
non-availability of manpower, holidays, etc., it is taken up for preventive
maintenance/overhauling. Thus this policy is no to interrupt the production.
Fixed Time Maintenance
 FTM refers to maintenance that is carried out at fixed intervals. These
intervals are more often than not defined by manufacturer of the
equipment/machine after carrying out research on the component’s
behavior in laboratory or from past experience. Example, replacing oil/air
filter after a fixed period of time i.e. 3 or 6 monthly or after a certain
mileage has been reached i.e. 10,000 miles etc.
Design Out Maintenance
 The DOM strategy can only be implemented effectively if high
maintenance cost items can be identified. To find the root cause failures
and to update the equipment with changing technology and eliminating
poor design features. Some examples of where this concept has been
applied are razors, cigarette lighters, ball-point pens, syringes, etc.

Tero-technology or Total Productive Maintenance

 TPM developed in Japan, tero-technology in U.K. To maintain in all
respects over entire life cycle i.e. “design to discard” of the equipment by
preventing the failures, preserving the condition, prolonging the life, and
restoring the condition through out their life for best productivity.
Policies Executed in the Organization
 Plant Maintenance, Engineering, Operations and Production must share
responsibility in a coordinated effort to optimize facility performance. Plant
maintenance, as a service function, has responsibility for safe, efficient, and
technically sound execution of maintenance work.
 Engineering has responsibility for providing technical information,
guidance, and support to operations and maintenance as part of the team
effort.
 Operations and Production, as equipment owners, have accountability for
their maintenance costs.
 Some polices are very important for most organization who’s production
rate is high. Owners executes these polices, they hires the staff and make
crew/groups for maintenance work.
 In an organization, different departments like IT, Electrical, Plumbing, and
HVAC, etc., make a group of persons and staff to implement maintenance
policies.
 Like BDM, EM, PM, FBM, RBM, etc.
Aircraft Maintenance

 Aircraft maintenance is the overhaul, repair, inspection or modification of an

aircraft and aircraft components.
 Airlines authorities casually refer to the detailed inspections as "checks.
Different Types of checks.
1. A check
2. B check
3. C check
4. D check
 Among all the checks A and B checks are lighter checks, while C and D are
considered heavier checks.