Causes of Dropouts at Primary Level in

Pakistan
 The high dropout rate at primary level in Pakistan
suggests that there are some problems that hinder the
process of learning. The goals of this study will be to
determine what is standard primary education and
causes that divert children from education at this level
e.g. corporal punishment, pair groups, inappropriate
environment, poverty, poor methodology, incorrect use
of A.V. Aids etc. This report is about a lot of students of
our nation who do not complete primary school
education, about the fact that this situation has gotten
worse in most parts of the country especially in
Baluchistan during the last decade.
Objectives of the Study

The objectives of this study were:

1. To determine and analyze the causes
that force the students to drop-out at
primary level
2. To pinpoint the possible solutions of
this problem of increasing drop-outs at
primary level.
What is Education?

 The word education has been derived from

Educare (means to bring up) or Educere (to raise)
or educatum (the act of teaching or training). So
the education means to train or to lead an
individual or group of individuals for a specific
purpose.
 “Education is a process of intellectual and moral
training of human beings”.
(Ibne Khaldoon)
Importance of Education
Islam gives grand importance to education which is obvious
from the sayings of Allah the Holy Quran:

Allah has termed education “ a light which enlightens the life of

His creature and can show them the right path”

Allah through our Holy Prophet says,

What is primary education?
“Primary education is the beginning of a systematic set
of studies in reading, writing, and mathematics up to the
age of 12”
(Michael Wann ―The Primary Education; p.7)
”Primary education refers to the compulsory education
where in the students seek the basic knowledge about all
the relevant and necessary subjects of life that may
include the counting, word formation and
comprehension and knowledge about general ethics,
norms and standards of the surrounding”. (Dr. P.A.
Shami and Kh. Sabir Hussain, Basic Education; p.15)
Quality of Primary Education in Pakistan
Education provides the bedrock for reducing poverty
and enhancing social development. An educational
system of poor quality may be one of the most
important reasons why poor countries do not grow. In
Pakistan, the quality of education has a declining trend.
There is acute shortage of teachers. The schools
generally are not doing well. Studies further show that
students performed better on items measuring rote
learning and poorly on items requiring comprehension,
problem solving and life skills.
 drop out is “a term used for the children, who for
any reason other than death, discontinue schooling
and leave their education uncompleted”.
 “student who left school before the completion
of the program for which they are enrolled, for
unseen reasons”.
 “terminology used for the student who left
his/her education incomplete, before the
completion of the specific program/level of
education for which he/she was enrolled in the
school, for any reason.
There are 17.10 million children at the primary level
attending the school but at the middle stage there
are only 6.15 million students are in schools, the
remaining students from primary level are those
who droppedout .
 Parents’ cooperation.
 Corporal punishment.
 Ineffective methodology of teachers
creates boredom.
 Lack of basic facilities for the quality
primary education
 Shortage of A.V.Aids
 Lack of students' own interest.
 Teacher‘s own problems.
 Teachers and other community leaders
have to create awareness in parents and
general public about the value and
importance of education.
 Government should provide free note books &
uniforms and monthly stipends to poor students so
that they may be able to continue their education.
 Teachers training workshop are essential to
improve the teaching methods.