Bus Impedance Matrix Assembly

Manbir Kaur
 Objectives
• To assemble Bus impedance matrix using
building algorithm.

05-02-2019 EIED TIET Patiala 2

 ZBUS Building Algorithm
It is a step by step procedure, in which the elements are added as
a branch or as a link in a partial network.
There are four types of modifications
• Type 1: Addition of element of impedance 𝑧𝑏 between new
node and reference node. This is equivalent to addition of a
branch and dimension of zbus gets increased by 1.
• Type 2: Addition of element of impedance 𝑧𝑏 between new
node and old node. This is equivalent to addition of a branch
and dimension of zbus gets increased by 1.
• Type 3: Addition of element of impedance 𝑧𝑏 between old
node and reference node. This is equivalent to addition of a
link and dimension of zbus remains unchanged.
• Type 4: Addition of element of impedance 𝑧𝑏 between two old
nodes. This is equivalent to addition of a link and dimension of
zbus remains unchanged.

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 Background for building algorithm
• Assume there is partial network of n buses and in
matrix form it will be
𝑉1 𝑍11 𝑍12 𝑍1𝑖 𝑍1𝑗 𝑍1𝑛 𝐼1
𝑉2 𝑍21 𝑍22 𝑍2𝑖 𝑍2𝑗 𝑍2𝑛 𝐼2
⋮ ⋮
𝑉𝑖 𝐼𝑖
= 𝑍𝑖1 𝑍𝑖2 𝑍𝑖𝑖 𝑍𝑖𝑗 𝑍𝑖𝑛
𝑉𝑗 𝐼𝑗
⋮ 𝑍𝑗1 𝑍𝑗2 𝑍𝑗𝑖 𝑍𝑗𝑗 𝑍𝑗𝑛
⋮
. .
𝑉𝑛 𝑍𝑛1 𝑍𝑛2 𝑍𝑛𝑖 𝑍𝑛𝑗 𝑍𝑛𝑛 𝐼𝑛
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 Algorithm for Z-bus assembly
Step1: Read input data: no of elements NE, number of buses NB
Step 2: Initialise 𝑍𝑖𝑗 = 0; 𝑖 = 1,2 … 𝑁𝐵; 𝑗 = 1,2 … 𝑁𝐵
Step 3: Set the element number counter count=1 , bus index n=0
Step 4: Input the impedance 𝑧𝑏 between nodes k and j and type modification TM.
Step 5: Check Type modification TM
If (Type modification) is 1; go to step 6
If (Type modification) is 2; go to step 7
If (Type modification) is 3; go to step 8
If (Type modification) is 4; go to step 9
Step 6: Type modification 1 means a branch is added between new node k and reference node
𝑍𝑘𝑚 = 𝑍𝑚𝑘 = 0; 𝑚 = 1,2, . . 𝑛
𝑍𝑘𝑘 = 𝑧𝑏
Modify 𝑛 = 𝑛 + 1 . Go to step 10.
Step 7: Type modification 2 means a branch is added between new node (say k) and old node (say j)
𝑍𝑘𝑙 = 𝑍𝑗𝑚 ; 𝑚 = 1,2, . . 𝑛
𝑍𝑙𝑘 = 𝑍𝑚𝑗 ; 𝑚 = 1,2, . . 𝑛
𝑍𝑘𝑘 = 𝑍𝑗𝑗 + 𝑧𝑏
Modify 𝑛 = 𝑛 + 1 . Go to step 10.
Step 8: Type modification 3 means a link is added between old node (say 𝑗) and reference node
𝑛𝑒𝑤 𝑜𝑙𝑑 𝑍𝑚𝑗 𝑍𝑗𝑙
𝑍𝑚𝑙 = 𝑍𝑚𝑙 − ; 𝑙 = 1,2, . . 𝑛. 𝑚 = 1,2, . . 𝑛
𝑍𝑗𝑗 +𝑧𝑏
Go to step 10.
Step 9: Type modification 4 means a link is added between two old nodes (say 𝑖 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑗)
𝑛𝑒𝑤 𝑜𝑙𝑑 (𝑍𝑚𝑖 −𝑍𝑚𝑗 )×(𝑍𝑖𝑙 −𝑍𝑗𝑙 )
𝑍𝑚𝑙 = 𝑍𝑚𝑙 − ; l = 1,2, . . 𝑛. 𝑚 = 1,2, . . 𝑛
𝑍𝑖𝑖 +𝑍𝑗𝑗 −2𝑍𝑖𝑗 +𝑧𝑏
Go to step 10.
Step 10: Check if count ≥ 𝑁𝐸. If ‘YES’, Go to step 11, else increment element counter; count = count + 1. go
to step 4.
9Step 11: Print the result Z EIED TIET Patiala 5
 Example: Assemble Z bus for given data

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