KITARAN PERAKAUNAN

LENGKAP –
OPERASI
PERKHIDMATAN

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 Kitaran perakaunan lengkap –
Operasi perkhidmatan

Objektif

1. Ringkasan kitaran perakaunan

2. Penggunaan dan penyediaan lembaran kerja
3. Penyediaan catatan pelarasan dari lembaran kerja
4. Penjurnalan dan pengeposan catatan penutup
5. Penyediaan imbangan duga penamat
6. Catatan pembetulan
7. Kunci Kira-Kira diklasifikasikan

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KITARAN PERAKAUNAN
1. Analyze business transactions

9. Prepare a post-closing 2. Journalize the

trial balance transactions

8. Journalize and post 3. Post to ledger accounts

closing entries

7. Prepare financial 4. Prepare a trial balance

statements

5. Journalize and post

6. Prepare an adjusted trial adjusting entries
balance

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LEMBARAN KERJA
Lembaran kerja ialah lembaran berbagai lajur
yang digunakan di dalam proses pelarasan dan
penyediaan penyata kewangan.

Ia merupakan “working tool” dan bukan rekod

perakaunan yang kekal – memudahkan
penyediaan catatan pelarasan dan penyata
kewangan.

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LEMBARAN KERJA
Penggunaan lembaran kerja adalah optional.

Apabila lembaran kerja digunakan, penyata

kewangan disediakan daripadanya.

Pelarasan dijurnal dan diposkan daripada

lembaran kerja selepas penyata kewangan
disediakan.

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LANGKAH PENYEDIAAN LEMBARAN
KERJA

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LANGKAH PENYEDIAAN LEMBARAN KERJA
P4-1A The trial balance for Undercover Roofing for the month ended
March 31, 2016, is as follows.

Trial Balance Other data:

Account Titles Dr. Cr.
Cash $ 2,500 1. Supplies on hand total $140.
Accounts Receivable 1,800
Roofing Supplies 1,100
2. Depreciation for March is $200.
Equipment 6,000 3. Unearned revenue amounted
Accumulated Depreciation $ 1,200
Accounts Payable 1,400 to $130 on March 31.
Unearned Revenue 300
I. Spy, Capital 7,000
4. Accrued salaries are $350.
I. Spy, Drawing 600
Service Revenue 3,000 Instructions
Salaries Expense 700
Miscellaneous Expense 200 a. Prepare and complete the
Totals $ 12,900 $ 12,900
worksheet.
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 1. Prepare a Trial Balance on the Worksheet
Adjusted Income
Trial Balance Adjustments Trial Balance Statement
Account Titles Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 2,500
Accounts Receivable 1,800
Roofing Supplies 1,100
Equipment 6,000
Accumulated Depreciation 1,200
Accounts Payable 1,400
Unearned Revenue 300
I. Spy, Capital 7,000
I. Spy, Drawing 600
Service Revenue 3,000
Salaries Expense 700
Miscellaneous Expense 200
Totals 12,900 12,900

Trial balance amounts

Include all come directly from
accounts with ledger accounts.
balances.
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 2. Enter the Adjustments in the Adjustments Columns

Adjusted Income
Trial Balance Adjustments Trial Balance Statement
Account Titles Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 2,500
Accounts Receivable 1,800
Roofing Supplies 1,100 960
(a)
Adjustments Key:
Equipment 6,000
Accumulated Depreciation 1,200 200
(b)
Accounts Payable 1,400 (a) Supplies used.
Unearned Revenue 300 170
(c)
I. Spy, Capital 7,000 (b) Depreciation expense.
I. Spy, Drawing
Service Revenue
600
3,000 170
(c) Service revenue earned.
(c)
Salaries Expense 700 (d) 350 (d) Salaries accrued.
Miscellaneous Expense 200
Totals 12,900 12,900
Supplies Expense (a) 960
Depreciation Expense (b) 200
Salaries Payable (d) 350
Totals 1,680 1,680 Enter adjustment
amounts, total
Add additional
adjustments columns,
accounts as
and check for equality.
needed. 9
 3. Complete the Adjusted Trial Balance Columns

Adjusted Income
Trial Balance Adjustments Trial Balance Statement Balance Sheet
Account Titles Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 2,500 2,500
Accounts Receivable 1,800 1,800
Roofing Supplies 1,100 (a) 960 140
Equipment 6,000 6,000
Accumulated Depreciation 1,200 (b) 200 1,400
Accounts Payable 1,400 1,400
Unearned Revenue 300 (c) 170 130
I. Spy, Capital 7,000 7,000
I. Spy, Drawing 600 600
Service Revenue 3,000 (c) 170 3,170
Salaries Expense 700 (d) 350 1,050
Miscellaneous Expense 200 200
Totals 12,900 12,900
Supplies Expense (a) 960 960
Depreciation Expense (b) 200 200
Salaries Payable (d) 350 350
Totals 1,680 1,680 13,450 13,450

Total the adjusted trial

balance columns and
check for equality. 10
 4. Extend Amounts to Financial Statement
Columns
Adjusted Income
Trial Balance Adjustments Trial Balance Statement Balance Sheet
Account Titles Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 2,500 2,500
Accounts Receivable 1,800 1,800
Roofing Supplies 1,100 (a) 960 140
Equipment 6,000 6,000
Accumulated Depreciation 1,200 (b) 200 1,400
Accounts Payable 1,400 1,400
Unearned Revenue 300 (c) 170 130
I. Spy, Capital 7,000 7,000
I. Spy, Drawing 600 600
Service Revenue 3,000 (c) 170 3,170 3,170
Salaries Expense 700 (d) 350 1,050 1,050
Miscellaneous Expense 200 200 200
Totals 12,900 12,900
Supplies Expense (a) 960 960 960
Depreciation Expense (b) 200 200 200
Salaries Payable (d) 350 350
Totals 1,680 1,680 13,450 13,450 2,410 3,170

Extend all revenue and expense

account balances to the income
statement columns. 11
 4. Extend Amounts to Financial Statement
Columns
Adjusted Income
Trial Balance Adjustments Trial Balance Statement Balance Sheet
Account Titles Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 2,500 2,500 2,500
Accounts Receivable 1,800 1,800 1,800
Roofing Supplies 1,100 (a) 960 140 140
Equipment 6,000 6,000 6,000
Accumulated Depreciation 1,200 (b) 200 1,400 1,400
Accounts Payable 1,400 1,400 1,400
Unearned Revenue 300 (c) 170 130 130
I. Spy, Capital 7,000 7,000 7,000
I. Spy, Drawing 600 600 600
Service Revenue 3,000 (c) 170 3,170 3,170
Salaries Expense 700 (d) 350 1,050 1,050
Miscellaneous Expense 200 200 200
Totals 12,900 12,900
Supplies Expense (a) 960 960 960
Depreciation Expense (b) 200 200 200
Salaries Payable (d) 350 350 350
Totals 1,680 1,680 13,450 13,450 2,410 3,170 11,040 10,280

Extend all asset, liability, and

equity account balances to the
balance sheet columns. 12
 5. Total Columns, Compute Net Income (Loss)

Adjusted Income
Trial Balance Adjustments Trial Balance Statement Balance Sheet
Account Titles Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr. Dr. Cr.
Cash 2,500 2,500 2,500
Accounts Receivable 1,800 1,800 1,800
Roofing Supplies 1,100 (a) 960 140 140
Equipment 6,000 6,000 6,000
Accumulated Depreciation 1,200 (b) 200 1,400 1,400
Accounts Payable 1,400 1,400 1,400
Unearned Revenue 300 (c) 170 130 130
I. Spy, Capital 7,000 7,000 7,000
I. Spy, Drawing 600 600 600
Service Revenue 3,000 (c) 170 3,170 3,170
Salaries Expense 700 (d) 350 1,050 1,050
Miscellaneous Expense 200 200 200
Totals 12,900 12,900
Supplies Expense (a) 960 960 960
Depreciation Expense (b) 200 200 200
Salaries Payable (d) 350 350 350
Totals 1,680 1,680 13,450 13,450 2,410 3,170 11,040 10,280
Net Income 760 760
Totals 3,170 3,170 11,040 11,040

Compute Net income or Net loss.

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Preparing Financial Statements from a Worksheet

a. Prepare an income statement for the month ended March 31, 2016.

Undercover Roofing
Income Statement
For the Month Ended March 31, 2016
Revenues $ 3,170
Service revenues
Expenses
Salaries expense $ 1,050
Supplies expense 960
Depreciation expense 200
Miscellaneous expense 200
Total expenses 2,410
Net income $ 760

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Preparing Financial Statements from a Worksheet
b. Prepare an owner’s equity statement for the month ended March
31, 2016.

Undercover Roofing
Statement of Owner's Equity
For the Month Ended March 31, 2016
I. Spy, Capital, March 1 $ 7,000
Add: Net income 760
Less: Drawings (600)
I. Spy, Capital, March 31 $ 7,160

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Preparing Financial Statements from a Worksheet

c. Prepare a balance sheet as of March 31, 2016.

Undercover Assets
Current assets
Roofing Cash $ 2,500
Accounts receivable 1,800
Balance Sheet Roofing supplies 140
Total current assets 4,440
March 31, 2016 Property, plant, and equipment
Equipment 6,000
Less: Accumulated depreciation 1,400 4,600
Total assets $ 9,040

Liabilities and Owner's Equity

Current liabilities
Accounts payable $ 1,400
Salaries payable 350
Unearned revenue 130
Total current liabilities 1,880
Owner's equity
I. Spy, Capital 7,160
Total liabilities and owner's equity $ 9,040

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Preparing Adjusting Entries from a
Worksheet
Adjusting Entries
The adjusting entries are prepared from the
adjustments columns of the worksheet.
Journalizing and posting of adjusting entries
follows the preparation of financial statements
when a worksheet is used.

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Preparing Financial Statements from a Worksheet
d. Journalize the adjusting entries from the adjustments
columns of the worksheet.
Date Account Title Ref. Debit Credit
Mar. 31 Supplies expense 960
Roofing supplies 960

Depreciation expense 200

Accumulated depreciation 200

Unearned revenue 170

Service revenue 170

Salaries expense 350

Salaries payable 350

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CATATAN PENUTUP
At the end of the accounting period, the company
makes the accounts ready for the next period.

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 CATATAN PENUTUP
Catatan penutup - memindahkan
pendapatan (rugi) bersih dan ambilan
kepada ekuiti pemilik pada akhir tahun
perakaunan.

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CATATAN PENUTUP

Note:
Owner’s Drawing is closed
directly to Capital and not
to Income Summary
Owner’s Capital is a
because Owner’s Drawing permanent account; all
other accounts are
is not an expense. temporary accounts.

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 CATATAN PENUTUP
e. Journalize the closing entries from the financial
statement columns of the worksheet.
Service revenue 3,170
Income summary 3,170
Income summary 2,410
Closing
Salary expense 1,050
Entries
Supplies expense 960
need
Depreciation expense 200
to be
Miscellaneous expense 200
Posted
Income summary 760
I. Spy, Capital 760

I. Spy, Capital 600

I. Spy, Drawing 600

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IMBANGAN DUGA PENAMAT

Disediakan selepas catatan penutup

dijurnal dan diposkan.

Membuktikan keseimbangan baki

akaun kekal yang dibawa pada
tempoh hadapan.

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Preparing a Post-Closing Trial Balance

Purpose is to prove the equality of the permanent

account balances after journalizing and posting of
closing entries. Post-Closing
Trial Balance
All temporary accounts Account Titles Dr. Cr.

will have zero balances.

Cash $ 2,500
Accounts Receivable 1,800
Roofing Supplies 140
Equipment 6,000
Accumulated Depreciation $ 1,400
Accounts Payable 1,400
Salaries payable 350
Unearned Revenue 130
I. Spy, Capital 7,160
Totals $ 10,440 $ 10,440

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CATATAN PEMBETULAN
 Disediakan untuk membetulkan
kesilapan semasa merekod urus niaga.
 Tidak diperlukan jika rekod bebas
daripada kesilapan.
 Melibatkan akaun-akaun penyata
pendapatan dan penyata kedudukan
kewangan.

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CONTOH
Catatan yang salah
May 10 Tunai 50
Hasil perkhidmatan 50
(Merekod kutipan daripada ABT)

Catatan yang betul

May 10 Tunai 50
ABT 50
(Merekod kutipan daripada ABT)

Catatan pembetulan
May 20 Hasil perkhidmatan 50
ABT 50
(Merekod kutipan daripada ABT)
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Penyata Kedudukan Kewangan
mengikut kelas

Penyata kewangan menjadi lebih berguna

apabila elemennya dikelaskan kepada
subkumpulan.

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Penyata Kedudukan Kewangan mengikut kelas
SYARIKAT MEKAR AYU
Penyata kedudukan Kewangan
31 Oktober, 2016

Aset
Aset semasa
Tunai 15,200
Akaun belum terima 200
Bekalan 1,000
Insurans prabayar 550
Jumlah aset semasa 16,950
Aset tetap
Peralatan pejabat 5,000
Tolak: Susutnilai terkumpul 40
Jumlah aset 21,910

PKK membantu pengguna penyata kewangan mengenalpasti:

1 kesediaan aset untuk membayar hutang apabila matang dan
2 tuntutan kreditor jangka pendek dan panjang ke atas jumlah aset.

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Penyata Kedudukan Kewangan mengikut
kelas
Liabiliti dan Ekuiti Pemegang Saham
Liabiliti semasa RM
Nota belum bayar 1,000
Akaun belum bayar 2,500
Faedah belum bayar 40
Hasil belum terperoleh 800
Gaji belum bayar 1,200
Jumlah liabiliti semasa 5,500
Liabiliti jangka panjang 4,000
Nota belum bayar 9,550
Jumlah liabiliti
Ekuiti pemegang saham
Saham biasa 10,000
Pendapatan tertahan 2,360
Jumlah liabiliti dan ekuiti pemegang saham 21,910

PKK biasanya dipersembahkan dalam bentuk laporan, dengan aset

ditunjukkan sebelum liabiliti dan ekuiti pemegang saham.

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