SAPTHAGIRI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Department of Information Science & Engineering

Technical seminar
on

“Blockchain and IoT-Based Cognitive Edge Framework for

Sharing Economy services in a Smart City”
Under the guidance of P R E S E N T E D BY
P r o f. S H E E T H A L R A J T G SHUBHASHITHA B R
A s s i s t a n t p r o f e s s o r, 1SG15IS111
Dept of ISE, SCE

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 CONTENTS :
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Technical Background
• System design
• System deployment and implementation
• Merits
• Demerits
• References

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 ABSTRACT

• Blockchain-based infrastructure is proposed to support security- and privacy-oriented spatio-

temporal smart contract services for the sustainable Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled sharing
economy in mega smart cities.
• The framework offers a sustainable incentive mechanism, which can potentially support secure
smart city services such as sharing economy, smart contracts, and cyber physical interaction with
Blockchain and IoT.
• Our unique contribution is justified by detailed system design and implementation of the
framework.

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 INTRODUCTION
• Next generation smart cities will face the challenge of the convergence of the advancements in
technologies wherein a massive amount of data will be generated by the mass crowd and IoT devices on a
daily basis.

• These data must be digested, processed, and responded to in a secure and cognitive manner.

• By using our proposed framework, the sharing economy services wherein two parties can securely
perform any number of transactions without requiring any trusted third party can leverage the intelligence
at the edge to coordinate seamlessly with the IoT data processing framework.

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 TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

• Cognitive computing
• Block chain
• Mobile edge computing
• Combination of cognitive engine, blockchain and IoT

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 Cognitive computing(CC)
•Cognitive computing has been used to refer to new hardware and/or software that mimics the
functioning of the human brain and helps to improve human decision-making.
•It is composed of automatic machine learning techniques that use data analytics, pattern recognition, and
natural language processing to think like humans.
•Features expressed include Adaptive, Interactive, Stateful and contextual.
•Use cases-
• Speech recognition
• Sentiment analysis
• Face detection
• Risk assessment

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 Blockchain
• Blockchain is a distributed network. The data is distributed over
Millions of Computers around the world which are connected with the
Blockchain.
• If a node has to be added at the end of a blockchain then it has to do the
following steps:
1. A cryptographic puzzle must be solved.
2. The solution or something called as Proof of Work is shared among all
the computers on the network.
3. The network verifies the Proof of Work.

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 Blockchain contd.
• A block has 3 parts:
1. Data being stored.
2. A Hash which is a function that converts an inputs and letters into
an encrypted function.
3. A Previous hash is one that contains the hash of previous hash.
The value of the previous hash of a block should be equal to the value
of a hash of previous block.

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 Mobile edge computing
• Multi-access edge computing is a network architecture concept that enables cloud
computing capabilities and an IT service environment at the edge of the cellular network and, more in
general at the edge of any network.
• provides a distributed computing environment for application and service hosting
• a cellular operator can efficiently deploy new services for specific customers or classes of customers
• reduces the signal load of the core network
• has been created using open standards and application programming interfaces(APIs)
• Uses- Active location detector, Domain Name Server

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 Cognitive engine, Blockchain and IoT

•A cognitive engine has different models for analytics and prediction tasks and is authorized to record and
check changes in physical, functional, and operational properties of the IoT sensors and devices

• Cognitive engine and IoT devices also have private key hashing between them thus enhancing the security
and integrity of IoT devices.

•Such an integration could help build intelligent and independent systems in which data can be
harmoniously utilized with enhanced security and reduced wastage

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System design

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System design contd.

Blockchain based AI assistance framework:

•Semantic web data extractor

•Intelligent sharing economy emotion extractor
• Training
• Execution
• Feedback phase

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System deployment and Implementation

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System deployment and Implementation

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 Merits
• Recent advancement in managing the scalability of the Blockchain network has allowed the new
generation of Blockchain frameworks to handle a large number of transactions per second

• Identity control and Protection Of Personal Data –Users don’t require any third party like organizations or
shops to store personal data. This reduces the risk of the data being maliciously used or being hacked.

• Better data analysis and customer interaction level using cognitive computing

• Faster accessing of data

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 Demerits

•Storage capacity and Scalability has been deeply questioned in blockchain as the chain is always growing

• Anonymity and data privacy

•Selfish mining: The blockchain is susceptible to attacks of colluding selfish miners.

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Applications
• Transportation services

• Health services

• Insurance services

• Identity management services

• Decentralized On- and Off-Chain storage services

• Smart Contract Services

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 CONCLUSION
•We have proposed an MEC-based sharing economy system, which leverages the Blockchain and off-
chain framework to store immutable ledgers
•With the support of our proposed AI infrastructure, a future generation smart city can offer cyber-
physical sharing economy services through IoT data.
• By using smart contracts, the framework can offer complex spatio-temporal services to a global level
without requiring a central verification authority
• We envision to test different sharing economy scenarios at a large scale during Hajj 2019 and Hajj
2020.

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 REFERENCES
•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/blockchain
•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cognitive-computing
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_edge_computing
• M.A.Rahman,M.S.Hossain,E.Hassanain,andG.Muhammad,‘‘Semantic multimedia fog computing and IoT
environment: Sustainability perspective,’’ IEEE Common. Mag., vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 80–87, May 2018.
• P. Mamoshina et al., ‘‘Converging blockchain and next-generation artificial intelligence technologies to
decentralize and accelerate biomedical research and healthcare,’’ Oncotarget, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 5665–5690,
Nov. 2017
• T. M. Fernández-Caramés and P. Fraga-Lamas, ‘‘A review on the use of blockchain for the Internet of
Things,’’ IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 32979–33001, 2018
•www.google.com

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