Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation

Limited
220 KV LUCKNOW SUBSTATION

Submitted By:
NIDHI YADAV
EE-72
1512220054
INTRODUCTION
A substation is a part of an
electrical generation,
transmission, and distribution
system. Substations
transform voltage from high
to low, or the reverse, or
perform any of several other
important functions. 
Description of 220KV substation
 Outgoing Feeders(14):
1. TRT I
2. TRT II
3. Aminabad feeder
4. Rajajipuram I Feeder
5. Rajajipuram II feeder
6. Vaid Steel I feeder
7. Vaid Steel II feeder
8. Mawaiya loco feeder
9. Aishbagh feeder
10.Abbot road feeder
11.RDSO feeder
12.RLBH feeder
13.UPIL feeder
14.Bus coupler feeder
Major components of 220 KV Substation
1. Power transformer
2. Instrument transformer
3. Circuit breakers
4. Lightening arrester
5. Protective relays
6. Isolators
7. Bus bars
8. Capacitor Bank
1. Power transformer
 A static electrical machine used for transforming power from one circuit
to another circuit without changing frequency is termed as Power
transformer.
 The transformers are generally used to step down or step up the voltage
levels of a system for transmission and generation purpose.
Main Parts of Transformer
 Core
 Insulating Materials
 Conservator
 Buchholz Relay
 Bushings
 Radiator
 2. Instrument Transformer
Instrument Transformer are used for measurement and protective applcations together
with equipments such as meters & relays.

TYPES:
a)Current Transformer:
 A current transformer (CT) is used for measurement
of alternating electric currents.
 When current in a circuit is too high to apply directly
to measuring instruments, a current transformer
produces a reduced current accurately proportional
to the current in the circuit, which can be
conveniently connected to measuring and recording
instruments. 
 b) Potential Transformer

 Potential transformers (PT) (also

called voltage transformers (VT)) are
a parallel connected type of
instrument transformer.
 They are designed to present
negligible load to the supply being
measured and have an accurate
voltage ratio and phase relationship
to enable accurate secondary
connected metering. 
 3. Circuit Breaker
 A circuit breaker is a device which is used
to protect the electric circuit from over
current or short circuit current .
 It is so designed that it can be operated
manually (or by remote control) under
normal conditions and automatically under
fault condition.
  According to their arc quenching media
the circuit breaker can be divided as-
1. Oil circuit breaker
2. Air circuit breaker
3. SF6 circuit breaker
4. Vacuum circuit breaker
4. Lightening Arrester
 It is a device used on electrical power systems
and telecommunications systems to protect
the insulation and conductors of the system
from the damaging effects of lightning.
 The typical lightning arrester has a high-
voltage terminal and a ground terminal.
 The lightning arrester diverts, the current of
the surges to the earth and hence protects the
insulation and conductor of the system from
damage. 
5. Relays
 It is a Primary sensing unit.
 It operates when a current reaches above a specified limit.
 Its gives signal to CB to operates to prevent the power system from
damage.
 Types:
1. Differential Relay
2. Overcurrent Relay
3. Directional Relay
4. Distance Relay
6. Isolators
 It is an off-load device.
 It is used only when the electrical
system has to be disconnected from the
main supply, to perform maintenance
or related activities.
 Isolators may provide additional safety
features like, when switched off the
trapped charge will be ground through
a ground terminal in the isolator.
 Isolators are normally placed after the
circuit breaker allowing the internal
circuit to be disconnected from the
main supply without affecting the
breaker.
7. Bus Bar
  A bus bar is a conducting
bar that carries heavy
currents to supply several
electric circuits.
 Made up of copper rod or
thin walled tubes.
 TYPES:-
- Main Bus Bar.
- Auxillary Bus Bar.
8. Capacitor Bank
 In order to improve the power factor, some device taking leading power
should be connected in parallel with the load.
 The capacitors draw a leading current and partly or completely neutralize
the lagging reactive component of load current.
 Main functions of Capacitor Bank are:
• Improve Power Factor
• Improve Terminal Voltage
• Supply Reactive Power
CONTROL AND RELAY PANEL
 It work as shield guard for all substation equipments and electrical
network.
 these panels are useful to control the flow of electricity as per the
Voltage class and detect the faults in transmission lines. 
 In this panel, varieties of numerical & electromechanical relays are
installed to provide damage protection to equipments.
BATTERY ROOM
 Used to calibrate relays & other
measuring meters
 DC battery shell be installed in the
power house for
• Emergency power.
• Protection.
• Alarm and indication.
CONCLUSION
Now from this report we can conclude that electricity plays an
important role in our life. We are made aware of how the transmission
the transmission of electricity is done. We too came to know about the
various parts of the substation system. The three wings of electrical
system viz. generation, transmission and distribution are connected to
each other and that too very perfectly.
THANK YOU