IoT Based Secure Smart

Shopping System
ABSTRACT:

• A shopping mall or complex is a place where people buy product/s for their
regular use. The customers have to wait in long queues to get their products
scanned using barcode scanner and get it billed. To get rid of this, we have
proposed a new ‘Smart Shopping Trolley using RFID (Radio Frequency
Identification)'. This implementation is used to assist a person while
shopping and also to avoid standing in long queues and thus saving time.
The smart shopping trolley would consist of a microcontroller, Android
Device, RFID Reader and an Electronic Display. The products in the
shopping centers will have RFID tags to retrieve/access information about
it. When a customer places a product in the smart trolley, the RFID Reader
will read the Product ID and the information related to it will be stored in
controller. There will be communication between android device, main
server and billing system (gate system). The total amount of the products in
the trolley will be calculated using android device and will be updated on
server and the Central billing System.
INTRODUCTION:

• Humans have always invented and developed a technology to support their needs
ever since the beginning of mankind. The basic purpose of advancement in
technology has been in minimizing tasks and making everyday chores easier and
faster, irrespective of the various domains available. A major task on which human
beings are found spending considerable amount of time is shopping. According to
a Survey, approximately most of the humans spend 1.5 hours daily on shopping. A
large number of customers will always tend to walk out of a queue if the queue is
very long. The current shopping environment can simply be classified into two
categories Shopping in-person and Shopping in absentia. Shopping in-absentia is
supported in many ways including online shopping, tele-shopping, etc. wherein a
shopper or a customer does not have to be present physically in the shopping
arena. Shopping in-person involves a personal visit of a person to the shopping
malls or centers and selecting the product/s based on the various factors including
need, fashion, convenience, brand, etc.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

TRANSMITTER SECTION

POWER
SUPPLY

LCD
SWITCH Cloud
server
ARDUINO
GPRS
RFID Tags RFID reader
Hardware requirements:
• Arduino
• Power supply
• RFID reader and Tags
• Switches
• LCD
Arduino
• All parameters are processed by microcontroller and transmit
to wireless module to transmit the monitoring system
wirelessly.
What is Arduino ?
• The Arduino microcontroller is an easy to use yet powerful single board
computer that has gained considerable traction in the hobby and professional
market. The Arduino is open-source, which means hardware is reasonably
priced and development software is free.

• The Arduino programming language is a simplified version of C/C++. If you

know C, programming the Arduino will be familiar. If you do not know C,
no need to worry as only a few commands are needed to perform useful
functions.

• An important feature of the Arduino is that you can create a control program
on the host PC, download it to the Arduino and it will run automatically.
Arduino Board Overview
Power Supply:
• A power supply is a device which delivers an exact voltage to another device as per its needs.
There are many power supplies available today in the market like regulated, unregulated, variable
etc, and the decision to pick the correct one depends entirely on what device you are trying to
operate with the power supply.
 Transformer:

• A transformer is an electrical device that transfers energy between two circuits

through electromagnetic induction.
• A transformer may be used as a safe and efficient voltage converter to change the
AC voltage at its input to a higher or lower voltage at its output
Rectifier:
• A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating
current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct
current(DC), which flows in only one direction. The process is
known as rectification.
• A diode bridge is an arrangement of four diodes in a bridge
circuit configuration that provides the same polarity of output
for either polarity of input.
 Filters:

• Electronic filters are analog circuits which perform signal

processing functions, specifically to remove unwanted frequency
components from the signal, to enhance wanted ones, or both
• Types
Active filter
Passive filter
Regulators:
• A voltage regulator is designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level. A
voltage regulator may be a simple “Feed-forward" design or may include negative
feedback control loops.
• It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or electronic components. Depending on the
design, it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages.
How power supply works?
• The AC mains are fed to the transformer, which steps down the 230
Volts to the desired voltage. The bridge rectifier follows the
transformer thus converting AC voltage into a DC output and through
a filtering capacitor feeds it directly into the input (Pin 1) of the
voltage regulator. The common pin (Pin 2) of the voltage regulator is
grounded. The output (Pin 3) of the voltage regulator is first filtered by
a capacitor, and then the output is taken.
 RFID
• RFID stands for radio frequency identification

• radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data, for the purposes of

automatically identifying and tracking tags attached to objects

• Frequency for RFID uses 433Mhz for short range devices

• Radio frequency Identification and Detection is a general term used for

technologies that make use of radio waves in order to identify objects and
people.
WORKING OF RFID
Basic RFID consists of an antenna, transceiver and transponder. To understand
the working of a typical RFID system, check the following animation.

Antenna emits the radio signals to activate tag and to read as well as write
information to it. Reader emits the radio waves, ranging from one to 100
inches, on the basis of used radio frequency and power output.

Reader receives these waves and identifies the frequency to generate a

unique ID. Reader then decodes data encoded in integrated circuit of tags
and transmits it to the computers for use.
HOW TO INTERFACE RFID WITH 8051
MICROCONTROLLER
An RFID module basically consists of two parts, namely, a tag and a reader. A
typical RFID system consists of an antenna, a transceiver and a transponder
(RF tag). The radio frequency is read by the transceiver and the information is
transferred to a device for further processing. The information (the unique
serial number) to be transmitted is stored in the RF tag or transponder. The
transponder contains a chip and an antenna mounted on a substrate. The chip
transmits the relevant information through antenna.

Different RFID tags work on different frequencies. Here low frequency, 125
kHz, RFID tags have been used. These tags work within a range of 10 cm.
When an RFID tag comes in this range, the reader detects it and sends a
unique code of the tag serially. This serial code, consisting of 12 bytes, is
received by the microcontroller.
GPRS
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is an overlay on top of the GSM physical layer and
network entities.
Advantages:
•Short access time to the network for independent short packets (500-1000 bytes).
•No hardware changes to the BTS/BSC
•Easy to scale
•Support for voice/data and data only terminals
•High throughput (up to 21.4 kbps)
•User friendly billing
It uses exactly the same physical radio channels as GSM, only logical GPRS radio channels are
defined.
Allocation of the channels is flexible: from one to eight radio interface timeslots can be
allocated per TDMA frame.
The active users SHARE timeslots, and uplink and downlink are allocated separately.
The capacity allocation for GPRS is based on the actual need for packet transfer.
GPRS does not require permanently allocated physical channels.
GPRS offers permanent connections to the Internet with volume based charging.
Reference Architecture in GPRS
 LCD
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a wide
range of applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly
used in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven
segments and other multi segment LEDs.

A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this
LCD each character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers,
namely, Command and Data.

A command is an instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it,

clearing its screen, setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. The data register
stores the data to be displayed on the LCD. The data is the ASCII value of the character to
be displayed on the LCD. Click to learn more about internal structure of a LCD.
Pin Diagram:
Pin Description:
Pin
Function Name
No
1 Ground (0V) Ground
2 Supply voltage; 5V (4.7V – 5.3V) Vcc
3 Contrast adjustment; through a variable resistor VEE
Selects command register when low; and data register Register
4
when high Select

Low to write to the register; High to read from the

5 Read/write
register

6 Sends data to data pins when a high to low pulse is given Enable

7 DB0
8 DB1
9 DB2
10 DB3
8-bit data pins
11 DB4
12 DB5
13 DB6
14 DB7
15 Backlight VCC (5V) Led+
16 Backlight Ground (0V) Led-
Block Diagram of LCD Display
CONCLUSION
• Hence from the above proposed method we have described the
Smart Trolley and it’s working. With this type of technology we can
easily get the clarity about the shopping which we are doing and it
looks Smart during the Usage.
REFERENCES
• Dr. Suryaprasad J, Praveen Kumar B O, Roopa D & Arjun A K "A Novel Low-
Cost Intelligent Shopping Cart", 2014 IEEE.
• Amine Karmouche, Yassine Salih-Alj, "Aisle-level Scanning for Pervasive
RFID-based Shopping Applications", 2013 IEEE.
• Martin Mayer, Nobert Gortz and Jelena Kaitovic, "RFID Tag Acquisition via
Compressed Sensing", 2014 IEEE.
• Satish Kamble, Sachin Meshram, Rahul Thokal & Roshan Gakre,
"Developing a Multitasking Shopping Trolley based on RFID Technology",
January 2014 International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering
(IJSCE).
• Mr. P. Chandrasekar, Ms. T. Sangeetha, "Smart Shopping Cart with
Automatic Central Billing System through RFID and ZigBee", 2014 IEEE