UNIT-5

Micro Controller Programming

and Applications
8051 ADDRESSING
MODES
Addressing Mode
 The CPU can access data in various ways,
which are called addressing modes
◦ Immediate Addressing
◦ Register Direct Addressing
◦ Memory Direct Addressing
◦ Memory indirect Addressing
◦ Indexed Addressing
 The last three modes actually access memory
Immediate Addressing Mode
◦ The data to be manipulated is given in the
instruction itself
◦ The immediate data must be preceded by the
sign, “#”
◦ Can load information into any registers,
including 16-bit DPTR register
◦ EX: ADD A, #80H
Register Direct Addressing Mode
 Use registers to hold the data to be
manipulated
 EX : ADD A, R0

 The source and destination registers must

match in size
◦ MOV DPTR,A will give an error
 R0-R7 are used in register direct addressing
Memory Direct Addressing Mode
 It is most often used the direct addressing
mode to access RAM locations 30 – 7FH
◦ The entire 128 bytes of RAM can be accessed
◦ ADD A, 74H
◦ This instruction adds the data in the
accumulator to that stored in the memory
address 74H
Memory Indirect Addressing Mode
 The register containing the memory
address of the data is specified in the
instruction.
 Register specified is preceded by @
symbol
 Ex: ADD A, @R0
 Value stored in the register R0 is the
address of memory location of data to be
fetched.
Indexed Addressing Mode
 The instruction consists of two parts
◦ Base address
◦ Offset
This type of addressing is useful in relative
memory accessing and relative jumping
Base address is stored in DPTR
Offset value is stored in the accumulator
Ex: MOVC A, @A+DPTR
Useful in accessing lookup table data's
Instruction set of 8051

 8051 has simple instruction set in

 different groups. There are:
 Arithmetic instructions
 Logical instructions
 Data transfer instructions
 Branching and looping instructions
 Bit Manipulation instructions
Arithmetic instructions
 These instructions are used to perform
various mathematical operations like
addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
division etc.,
 ADD A, R1 // Add the content of
register1to Accumulator
 ADDC A,#2 // Add 2 to accumulator
with carry
 SUBB A,R2 // Subtract content of
register2 from Accumulator
Logical instructions
The logical instructions are the instructions
which are used for performing some
operations like AND, OR, NOT, X-OR
etc., on the operands.
 ANL A, Rn // AND register to
accumulator
 ORL A, Rn // OR register to accumulator
 XRL A, Rn // Exclusive OR Reg to Acc
 CLR A // Clear Accumulator
 CPL A // Complement Accumulator
Data Transfer Instructions
 These instruction are used to transfer the
data from source operand to destination
operand.
 All the store, move, load, exchange input
and output instructions belong to this to
this group.
 MOV A, Rn // Move Reg to Acc
 MOVX A,@DPTR // Move external RAM
to Accumulator
 PUSH direct // PUSH direct byte on
to stack
 POP direct // POP direct byte from
stack
Branch and Looping Instructions
 These instructions are used for both
branching as well as looping.
 These instructions include conditional &
unconditional jump or loop instructions.
 JC // Jump if carry equal to one
 JNC // Jump if carry equal to zero
 JB // Jump if bit equal to one
 JNB // Jump if bit equal to zero
 JBC // Jump if bit equal to one and
clear bit
 LJMP addr//Jump to address
Bit Manipulation instructions
 8051 microcontroller handle bit data as
well as byte.
 Internal data memory map of the 8051
has a bit addressable area also.
 ANL C, bit//C=C AND bit
 SETB C
 MOV C, bit