Adverbs

Aji Prakoso
Brian Hazell Kossim
James Danica Eleazar Tue
Sakilla

1 Building Construction 2
Definition of Adverb
A word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverbs or
various other types of words, phrases, or clauses.
The dog ran excitedly.

It was often cold outside.

Phillip sings rather enormously too loudly.

The day passed quickly enough.

Curiously, he never visited America.

 Functions of Adverb
Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, nouns, other adverbs and whole
phrases or sentences:
example function

Sit quietly! modifying a verb (sit)

Claire was rather quiet. modifying an adjective (quiet)

That week seemed to go by incredibly slowly. modifying another adverb (slowly)

It takes quite a lot of courage to jump from a plane. modifying a noun phrase (a lot of courage)

I’m going for a run later so I don’t want to eat

modifying the whole clause (I’m going for a run)
anything now.

modifying the whole sentence (I don’t like the plans).

Personally, I don’t like the plans. It gives the speaker’s attitude. We often use commas
with the adverb when it modifies the whole sentence.
 Types of Adverb
1. ADVERBS OF TIME
Adverbs of time tell us at what time
already lately still tomorrow
(when) or for how long (duration)
something happens. early now soon yesterday
Examples:
finally recently today yet
▪ I’d prefer to leave early.
▪ I went to the cinema on my own
recently.
▪ There’s been an increase in house
burglary lately.
 Types of Adverb
2. ADVERBS OF PLACE
Adverbs of place tell us about an aspect of here there nowhere everywhere
location associated with the action of a verb,
specifying the direction, distance, movement, out in above below
or position involved in the action.
into
Examples: inside outside

▪ They traveled down the mountainside.

▪ Jane is moving far away.
▪ The cat is sleeping on the bed.
 Types of Adverb
3. ADVERBS OF MANNERS
Adverbs of manner are used to tell
accurately beautifully expertly professionally
us how something happens or is done.
They can modify verbs, adjectives, or
clauses of a sentence. anxiously carefully greedily quickly

Examples: badly cautiously loudly quietly

▪ She spoke very loudly. We could all

hear what she was saying.
▪ We waited anxiously by the phone.
▪ We walked up the stairs very quietly
because Mom and Dad were asleep.
 Types of Adverb
4. ADVERBS OF DEGREE absolutely enough perfectly somewhat

Adverbs of degree are used to indicate the a (little) bit entirely pretty terribly
intensity, degree, or extent of the verb,
adjective, or adverb they are modifying. a lot extremely quite too

Examples: almost fairly rather totally

 Mary will be staying a bit longer. awfully highly remarkably utterly

 It all happened pretty quickly. completely lots slightly very

 She was quite surprised they came,

actually.
 Types of Adverb
5. ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
Adverbs of frequency tell us how almost again ever hardly
often something happens or is the case;
they can describe verbs and adjectives, but nearly always occasionally often
they do not modify other adverbs.
rarely never seldom usually
Examples:
▪ He studies hardly during holidays. sometimes weekly twice

▪ She thinks she is always right

however it is not so.
▪ He told that he will never talk to me.
 Types of Adverb
6. ADVERBS OF PURPOSE
Adverbs of Purpose also known as
Adverbs of reasons are words those
express the reason or an aim (target) therefore hence so that consequently
of an action. Adverbs of purpose may
be in the form of an individual word or in order to since thus lest
in the form of clauses (group of words).
There are very few Adverbs of
Purpose.

Examples:
• You need to study in order to get good grades.
• The teacher is ill and therefore is unable to come to school.
 Types of Adverb

6.1 ADVERB CLAUSE OF PURPOSE

An adverb clause of purpose (or reason) is a clause that tells us the reason the action is happening. An
adverb clause cannot be by itself as a sentence. It must be part of a sentence.

An adverb clause of reason usually begins with subordinating conjunctions like because, as, since, and
that.
▪ I exercise because I enjoy it.

▪ My sister says that you are kind.

▪ He works two jobs since he is in debt.

 Types of Adverb
6.2 USING INFINITIVE VERBS TO FORM ADVERB OF PURPOSE
An infinitive is just the basic form of a verb: to + verb.
to walk to run to sing to play to sleep
You can use the infinitive verb to form an adverb clause of purpose/reason.

▪ She runs fast to catch the train. (to catch = infinitive)

▪ Mom walks outside to get the mail. (to get = infinitive)

▪ She goes home at 6:00 p.m. to cook dinner. (to cook = infinitive)
 Types of Adverb
7. FOCUSING ADVERBS
Focusing adverbs are used to draw
attention to a particular part of a clause.
They frequently point to verb phrases, especially just mainly particularly
but they can also draw attention to noun
phrases, prepositional phrases, adjective generally largely only simply
phrases, and adverbial phrases.
Examples:
▪ I just wanted to ask you what you thought.
▪ My phone can only make calls in this area
▪ You are only a little boy.
Adverb Suffixes
▪ Adjective ⇒ Adverb
ADJ. FORM + LY
For most words, add -ly to the end of an adjective form to create an adverb word form.

Adjective Adj. form + ly

Late Lately
Right Rightly
Hopeful Hopefully
Complete Completely
Real Really
Definite Definitely
Mature maturely
Adverb Suffixes
▪ Adjective ⇒ Adverb
–Y to – ILY
For words with more than one syllable ending in -y, replace the -y with -ily.

-ly -ily
Angry Angrily
Busy Busily
Easy Easily
Happy Happily
Lucky Luckily
Ready Readily
Voluntary voluntarily
Adverb Suffixes
▪ Adjective ⇒ Adverb
–LE to – LY
For words with more than one syllable ending in -le, replace the -le with -ly

-le -ly

Able Ably

Capable Capably

Idle Idly

Noble Nobly

Possible Possibly
Adverb Suffixes
▪ Adjective ⇒ Adverb
-IC to -ICALLY
For words ending in –ic, replace –ic with –ically

-ic -ically
Academic Academically
Acoustic Acoustically
Artistic Artistically
Classic Classically
Magic Magically
Politic Politically
Tragic Tragically
Adverb Suffixes
▪ Noun ⇒ Adverb

-Ways and -Wise

Adverb for Manner :

A few adverbs are formed from nouns with the suffix -wise, meaning "in this/that way".

– He hit the tennis ball sideways. "in a way that sent it off to the side of the court"

– The official turned the timer clockwise. "in the circular direction that the hands of a
clock turn"

– He folded his towel lengthwise. "with the fold as the length of the item"
Adverb Suffixes
▪ Noun ⇒ Adverb

-Ways and -Wise

“In this way”

Clockwise

Lengthwise

Sideway

Counterclockwise

Edgewise

Crosswise
Adverb Suffixes
▪ Noun ⇒ Adverb

-Ways and -Wise

Adverb for Opinion :

In these examples, the adverb ending in -wise modifies the idea of the clause, and it limits
the viewpoint of the speaker to a specific viewpoint, area or domain. See Adv for
Opinion.

– Weather-wise, it will be a great day for a tennis match. (In view of the weather)

– It can't be too windy. Otherwise, the officials postpone the match.

– Likewise, heavy rain can be a reason for postponing a match.

Adverb Suffixes
▪ Noun ⇒ Adverb

-Ways and -Wise

“From this prespective”

Price-wise

Health-wise

Weather-wise

Job-wise

Time-wise

Money-wise
Adverb Suffixes
▪ Noun ⇒ Adverb

-Ward or Wards
‘Ward’ is an old word meaning ‘in the direction of’

– I fell backwards. (The root noun is ‘back’)

– Selena looked skyward. (The root noun is ‘sky’)

– The machine lurched homeward. (The root noun is ‘home’)

 Orders of Adverbs

If we use more than one adverb to describe a verb, though, there is a general order in
which the different categories of adverbs should appear—this is known as the order of
adverbs (sometimes called the Royal Order of Adverbs):
▪ 1. Manner
▪ 2. Place
▪ 3. Frequency
▪ 4. Time
▪ 5. Purpose

She runs quickly outside every morning before school to lose weight.

The teacher gives instructions loudly in the classroom at the end of the day as
the students prepare to go home.
1. Make a sentence using adverbs of
time with a topic of land surveying
2. Arrange the words in this sentence based on the correct royal
order of adverb

walks - after work - Dad - impatiently - every evening - home

3. Make a sentence using three types of adverbs
4. Correct the underlined words with the right adverbs!

A. He’s always in a rush. I don’t understand why he walks s0 quick

B. Michael happy took the assistant job. He had been looking for a
position all summer.
C. They speak French very good. They lived in France for two years.
5. Make a sentence using adverb of place
 5. Find, which word is the adverb in each of the sentences

A. I have been a fan of mystery stories since I was quite young

B. Some stories are incredibly exciting from start to finish
C. Others build suspense very slowly