IT246: Web Engineering

A.Y.: 2018-19

Chapter: 1
Introduction to WWW

Prepared By: Ms. Radhika Patel

Teaching Assistant
DEPSTAR,CHARUSAT
 History of WWW
Inventor : Tim Berners – Lee
1980: How to store info with random links
1989: Idea of global hypertext space
Info referred by single -
“Universal Document Identifier”
1990: WWW Browser Web server
Other Specifications: URI, HTML, HTTP
1991-94: Load increase on “CERN”
1994: World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Neutral forum
Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 2 3/26/2019
 Internet and WWW
 Internet is a global system of interconnected
computer networks

 WWW is one of the services that run on the

internet

 WWW is collection of interconnected

websites and other resources( files, images)
which are linked by hyperlinks and URL
(Uniform Resource Locators)
Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 3 3/26/2019
 Versions of Web
Web 1.0 : Provides read only content and static
HTML websites
: No scope for user interaction or
content contribution to websites
: also known as read only web

Examples: Geocities, Hotmail, Personal Website

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 4 3/26/2019

Continue…..

Web 2.0 : Enables people to collaborate and

share information
: Provides transition from static
HTML webpages to dynamic
: Allows to create Rich Internet
Application (RIA)

Example: blogs, websites like flickr, youtube,

digg

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 5 3/26/2019

Continue…..

Web 3.0 : Enables to personalize a webpage on

website
: Latest version of web, which is under
development
: Known as semantic web

Example: iGoogle

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 6 3/26/2019

 Comparison between Web 1.0, 2.0
and 3.0
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0

web Social web Semantic web

Read only web Write and read Write read and
web execute web
Information Interaction Immersion
sharing
Connect Connect People Connect
Information Knowledge
Static Content Dynamic Curiously
undefined
Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 7 3/26/2019
 Uniform Resource Identifier
 A Way to identify contents, whether it be a
page of text, a video, or sound clip, a still or
animated image or a program
 Most common form of URI is web page
address which is a particular form or subset
of URI known as URL
 Specific computer that resource is housed in
For ex:
http://www.w3.org/icons/www/w3c_main.gif

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 8 3/26/2019

 Uniform Resource Locator
It is made of 4 Parts
1) Communication Protocol
2) Separator
3) Site Name
4) Domain Name

Example:
http://www.google.com

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 9 3/26/2019

 Uniform Resource Name
It is an Internet resource with name
Problem in URL:
 Web content moved to other site or new
page, at that time URL does not work
 Need to remember whole path of the
resource where it is located.
Solution: URN
Clarification:
 No need to remember whole path
 Only resource name is required
Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 10 3/26/2019
Continue…..

Example: urn:def://blue_laser

def: agency or accessible directory

blue_laser: name of resource

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 11 3/26/2019

 Domain Name System
Known as DNS (53)
Provides IP address from domain name
Consist of 3 parts
Domain name
Domain Name Space
Name Server
Root Server
Primary Server
Secondary Server

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 12 3/26/2019

 Client Server Model
It is distributed communication framework of
network processes among service requestors and
service providers
Client – Request for Resources
Server – Provides, Stores Information

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 13 3/26/2019

 Protocols
Set of Rules
TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
IP: Internet Protocol
HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
(80)
HTTPS: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
Secure (443)
SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (25)
POP3: Post Office Protocol 3 (110)
MIME: Multi-Purpose Internet Mail Extension
IMAP: Internet Message Access Protocol (143)
Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 14 3/26/2019
Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 15 3/26/2019
 HTTP Request Header
<request lines>: method, url, version
<General headers>: message content
<request headers>: nature of client’s request
<entity header>:
<empty line>
[<message body>]: optional
[<message trailers>]

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 16 3/26/2019

 Methods
 Get: used to retrieve information from given
server using URI
 Head: same as GET
 Transfers status line and header section
 Post: used to send data to server
ex: file upload, customer info etc
 Put: Replaces all the current representations
of the target resource with uploaded content
 Delete: Removes all the current
representations of target resource given by
URI
Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 17 3/26/2019
Continue…..

 Connect: Establishes a tunnel to server

identified by a given URI
 Options: Describe the communication options
for the target resource
 Trace: Performs a message loop back test
along with the path to the target resource.

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 18 3/26/2019

 Response Format
<status line>: version, status code, reason-phrase
<general header>
<response header>
<entity headers>
<empty line>
[<message-body>]
[<message-trailers>]

Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 19 3/26/2019

 REFERENCES
 Book:

 Developing Web Application By

M.T.Savaliya
 HTML 5 Black Book

 Web Reference:

 www.slideshare.net
 Techtarget.com
 W3school.com
Prepared By: Ms. Vidhi Pandya 20 3/26/2019