Chemistry Analysis

Chlorides and Bromates

Bimo
Sonia
Chlorides

Solubility most chlorides are soluble in water. Mercury(l) chloride, Hg2Cl2,

silver chloride, AgCl, lead chloride, PbCl2 (this is sparingly soluble in cold
but readily soluble in boiling water), copper(I) chloride, CuCl, bismuth
oxychloride, BiOCl, antimony oxychloride, SbOCl, and mercury(II)
oxychloride, Hg20CI2, are insoluble in water.
Occurrence in nature

Sea water contains 1.94% chloride. Some chloride-containing minerals include

the chlorides of sodium , potassium, and magnesium , hydrated MgCl2. The
concentration of chloride in the blood is called serum chloride, and this
concentration is regulated by the kidneys. A chloride ion is a structural
component of some proteins, e.g., it is present in the amylase enzyme.
Role in commerce

 Water quality and processing

Another major application involving chloride is desalination, which involves the
energy intensive removal of chloride salts to give potable water. In
the petroleum industry, the chlorides are a closely monitored constituent of
the mud system.
 Domestic uses
Chloride salts such as sodium chloride are used to preserve food.
 Corrosion
The presence of chlorides, e.g. in seawater, significantly aggravates the
conditions for pitting corrosion of most metals (including stainless steels,
aluminum, aluminum alloys, and high-alloyed materials) by enhancing the
formation and growth of the pits through an autocatalytic process.
Bromates

 Solubility silver, mercury(I), and copper(I) bromides are insoluble in water.

 Lead bromide is sparingly soluble in cold, but more soluble in boiling water.
 All other bromides are soluble.
 To study these reactions use a O.IM solution of potassium bromide KBr.