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Bridge Engineering
What is a bridge?
Figure 2:
1 January 2014 7
Components of a Bridge
Typical Beam/Girder Bridge
Bridges which Carry Loads
Mainly in Flexure
Precast concrete box Beam Bridge Cast-in-place RCC box girder bridge
Precast Concrete I-Girder Bridge Cast-in-place post tensioned concrete box girder
bridge
Large span bridges (50m to 150m) Long span bridges (over 150m)
• A brief description of the reasons for the selection of a particular site should be
furnished in the investigation report along with sailent details of alternative sites
investigated and rejected
The characteristics of an ideal site for a bridge across a river are:
a. A straight reach of the river.
b. Steady river flow without cross currents.
c. A narrow channel with firm banks.
d. Suitable high banks above high flood level on each side.
e. Rock or other hard in erodible strata close to the river bed level.
f. Economical approaches, danger of floods, the approaches should be free
from obstacles such as hills, frequent drainage crossings, scared places,
graveyards or built up areas or troublesome land acquisition
g. Absence of sharp curves in the approaches;
h. Absence of expensive river training works;
i. Avoidance of excessive underwater construction.
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR BRIDGE SITE
Different studies performs
PRELIMINARY during PRELIMINARY
STUDY(Techno-economic feasibilitySURVEY
survey) are:
Topography
Catchment area
Hydrology
Geo-technical data
Seismology
Navigation
Construction resources
Nearby bridges
Traffic data
Topography
Study about the low water level, highest flood level , slope
of surface of water, flood velocity and discharge of river.
Data obtained from local enquiries or from the data
available for the nearest gauging site from irrigation or
flood control dept.
GEO-TECHNICAL AND SEISMIC DATA