NATIONALISM IN INDIA

Vocabulary

 Colonialism-
 thecontrol or governing influence of a nation over a
dependent country, territory, or people.
 Nationalism-
 The belief that people should be loyal to those with
whom they share common history, customs, origins,
and sometimes language or religion. People who
share these things often think of themselves as a
distinct nation.
 Under Colonialism

 Many Indians felt as they were being treated as

second-class citizens
 British citizens living in India were given better
jobs and education as well as positions of
authority
 Indians living under British rule were deprived
opportunities to succeed in their own countries
 Under Colonialism

 British East India Company-

 wanted to exploit trade with East Asia, Southeast
Asia, and India
 Sepoy Rebellion (1857)
 [Sepoy was an Indian soldier in the British army]
 Large numbers of Sepoys mutinied against the
British army
 In 1858, the British government took direct
command over India.
 By 1873, the company had lost its power.
 Rebellious
States:
 Jhajjar, Dadri,
Farukhnagar and
Bahadurgarh
 Amjhera
 Shagarh
 Biaj Raghogarh
 Singhbum
 Nargund
 Shorapur

 Groups Advocating the Rights of Indians

 Indian National Congress

 Founded in 1885
 Attracted mainly Indian Hindus

 Muslim League
 Founded in 1906
 Attracted Indians who followed
Islam

 Lucknow Pact (1916)

 Alliance between the 2 groups
 Start of Nationalism

 Years of contact with the British taught the

Indians about the Western ideas of Democracy
and Self-Government
 Indians joined the British during World War I,
hoping to be rewarded with more control of
their government
 Britain promised India they would help them
work toward self-government
 Leaders of Indian Independence

 Mohandas K. Gandhi.
 believed in nonviolent
resistance as well as a full
boycott on all things British
(including goods, schools and
universities, and courts)
 Civil disobedience- breaking
unfair laws using non-violence
 Marches
 Speeches
 Protests
 Media
 Fasting
 Rowlatt Act (1919)

 Passed during WWI to control the public

 Effectively authorized the government to imprison,
without trial, any person suspected of terrorism
 Protestors and anyone who spoke out against the
government was arrested without trial for up to 2
years.
 Amritsar Massacre (1919)

 Peaceful gathering of men, women, and children in

a garden area in Amritsar for a religious celebration
 British soldiers fired on the crowd claiming they
were there illegally
 About 400 deaths and more than 200 wounded.

 United the country against the British

Amritsar Massacre (1919)

 "The incident in Jallian

Wala Bagh was an
extraordinary event, a
monstrous event, an
event which stands in
singular and sinister
isolation".
 Winston Churchill
 Partition of India
 When the British finally agreed to grant India its
independence, the cooperation between the
Indian Hindus and Indian Muslims began to
diminish
 The Muslim League called for a separate
country for the Muslim minority
 The British agreed it would be best to divide the
country based on the concentration of Hindus
and Muslims
 Partition of India

 The country was

divided into 3 parts,
creating two new
countries:
 East & West
Pakistan
 Indian Independence

 August 15th, 1947

 Indiagained its freedom from British colonial rule
and became an independent nation
SUMMARY

 Explain the role of Nationalism that led to

India’s independence. Include the following in
your summary:
 Role of colonialism
 Gandhi and Non-violence

 Rowlett Act

 Amritsar Massacre

 Partition of India