Kautilya’s

Arthashastra
 Empire level
King,
Mantriprishad,
Amatyas (civil servants),
Adhakshayas (Heads of dept) 27
Provincial level
Kumara/ nobles ,
Mahamattas
District Level
Pradeshika,
Rajuka,
Yukta
Tahasil Level
Gopa
Stanika
Village
Gramika
Grama vrudhas

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Kautilya wrote this work some time between 322
B.C to 300 B.C
Arathasastra is an encyclopedia of statecraft and
legal system for the guidance of all concerned.
Arthashastra gives an idea about the subjects
Relating to law,
Constitutional law and
Other affairs of the State.
The treatise has 15 Parts ( athikarana),
150 chapters (prabhandha) , and
180 (prakarana) topics.
The Arthansastra appears to be divided into two
important parts.
The first books 1-5 deals with the king and the
internal administration of kingdom. (60%)
The second contains 6-14 and deals with foreign
relation, politics, and warfare. ( 40%)
Part 1
Education, training and discipline to be
imparted to a king.
Association with elders or experts
Choosing of ministers,
Establishment of secret agents,
Surveillance of prince
Part 2: Duties of various executive officers of
the State
Construction of forts,
Treasury Management ,
Accounts in the Bureau of Official records,
Setting of Mines and Factories,
Superintendent of the Storage house,
Commodities,
Forest production and management
Ordnance depot, taxes, agriculture, liquor and
shipping
Part 3 Law and its administration
grounds for litigations
law of marriage,
rules of woman’s property,
Agreements and difficulties,
Offences,
Order of inheritance,
Classification of sons, division of shares,
On immovable property,
Sale of immovable property,
Damage to grazing land and field,
Non-payment of debts,
On deposits
Rules governing salves and laborers,
Cancellation of sale or purchase,
Non delivery of gifts,
Sale by a non-owner,
Verbal Assault,
Physical Assault,
Gambling and Betting.
4. Suppression of crime
Surveillance of people,
Artisans and traders,
Remedial measures against disasters,
Disclosing Criminals using secret agents,
Working under covers as ascetic,
Arrest on account of suspicion, articles or
activities,
Investigation into a person who has died
suddenly,
Investigation through questioning and torture,
• Surveillance of all agencies,
• Damages in Lieu of Cutting individual limbs,
• Rules on the clean and the vivid forms of
capital punishments.
• Types of Punishments for wrongdoing.

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Part 5: On secret conduct
Steps to be taken in emergencies,
pay scales for State officers,
duty of Chief Minister for ensuring continuity of
the rule on the downfall of king, etc.
Part6:Seven constituents of State-
Rajamandala- for discussion of State’s
relations with neighbors.
Part 7. Six fold strategy of state (Foreign
policy)
Decisions during decline, stability, and Prosperity,
Conduct when considering refuge,
Strategic measures on the part of equal, weaker, and
stronger kings,
Peace pacts by weaker kings
Remaining stationary after initiating war,
Pacts for allies ( feudatories), money, land projects,
Initiating war against a strong ruler,
Strategies of king when the capital surrounded by
enemy troops,
Making peace pacts enemy
Conduct toward the neutral king

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Part 8: Methods of overcome various calamities to
the State
Set calamities affecting the constituent elements,
calamities affecting king and his reign,
set of human vices,
set of factors blocking revenue to the treasury,
set of calamities affecting the army and Allies.
Part 9: Military Code
Kinds of troops to be mobilized for an expedition
Proper seasons for the expedition
Precautions to be taken during wars

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Part 10. Fighting methodology at war
Setting of military camps,
Marching into battle from camp,
Kinds of military operations,
Arrangement of strong and weak troops,
Methods of fighting for all troops and
Counter formations of troops against enemies.
Part 11. Steps to be taken by a would be
conqueror.
Part 12. Design to be adopted by a weaker king
when threatened by a stronger king.
Part 13 Means of capturing Forts and various
methods.
Part 14 Remedies and plans to be adopted in
getting rid of enemies or traitors, secret killing
of enemy troops, use of medicine and mantras
Part 15 Object of and purpose achieved by
Arthashastra