Kinds of

Government
 1

Anarchy
Anarchy
Government/Central governing body/Hierarchy
Public utilities/services
Regulatory control
● Limited diplomatic relations with other nation-states
● Society is divided into different, locally-ruled
settlements (or fiefdoms)

3
Somalia
● Civil war (1991)
● Dictator Siad Barre
○ No public spending
○ Kidnappings
○ Market forces
○ Passports for sale
● (2012) Transitional Federal Government

4
 2

Aristocracy
Aristocracy
● Plato & Aristotle
● Wealthy nobles > Lower socioeconomic strata
● Caste
● Elite ruling class (hereditary)
○ Education
○ Upbringing
○ Heredity
● (Early aristocracy) Land owners & Barons
6
Ancient Greece
● Council of empowered leading citizens
● “Philosopher kings”
● Education and qualifications  Unequal form of
government

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 3

Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy
● Non-elected government officials carry out public
responsibilities as dictated by administrative policy-
making groups (division of labor)
● Rules, regulations, procedures, and outcomes are
formulated to maintain order, achieve efficacy, and
prevent favoritism within the system
● “Padrino system”, nepoticism, Red tape
● Rarely serves as a government of their own
● Can take place under dictatorship or democratic
government 9
 4

Capitalism
Capitalism
● Economic system  Economic  Inequality
in which capital growth
goods and
 Exploitation of
productions is  Improved the labor class
driven by private standards of  Unsustainable
ownership living use of
● Open  Higher resources and
competition productivity land
● “Free market  Broader
economy” prosperity
11
United States
● Liberal market economy
● Firms engage in open competition within the context of
existing hierarchies and market mechanisms
● Promotes greater opportunities, access and wealth
(ownership stakes)
● Political influence is also directly correlated to this
ownership stake within the context of American capitalism

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 5

Colonialism
Colonialism
● Nation seeks to extend its sovereignty over other
territories
● Occupation of indigenous populations and
exploitation of resources
● Imposition of economy, religion, culture, religious
order, and form of government

14
Philippines
● 1521 – 1898 (Spanish colonial period)

15
 6

Communism
Communism
● Common, public ownership of the economy
(infrastructures, utilities, and means of production) –
State ownership
● Absence of class divisions
● A single (often authoritarian) party holds all power
● Karl Marx

17
China
● (1950s) Mao Zedong developed the "Great Leap Forward"
which pushed farmers into communes, took their land and
forced them into slave labor
● Mao Zedong took control in China in 1949 and named
China the People's Republic of China. At that point it
became a communist country and is ruled by the
Communist Party of China
● Controls a highly successful manufacturing industry which
generates profits for the government through the export
of electronics, toys and other consumer goods 18
 7

Democracy
Democracy
● People choose their leadership
● No single force or entity can exercise unchecked
control or authority
● Discourse, debate, and compromise
○ Fair and free elections
○ Civic participation
○ Protection of human rights
○ Rule of law
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Methods
DIRECT INDIRECT REPRESENTATIVE
DEMOCRACY DEMOCRACY DEMOCRACY
● All members ● (Republic) ● People elect
participate in all ● Representative representatives
decisions for the people who then
make and makes the
enforce laws decision for
them

21
Role of Executive
PRESIDENTIAL PARLIAMENTARY
● Voters select a powerful ● All political power is
chief executive who is concentrated in the
independent of the parliament (Prime Minister
legislature but whose and members of the
actions are delimited by Cabinet) or legislature
constitutional and other
legal restraints

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“ Last words are for fools who
haven't said enough.
-Karl Marx

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Thanks!
24
Credits
●http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4017147.stm
●https://www.hackettstown.org/cms/lib7/NJ01000669/Cent
ricity/Domain/474/Systems_of_Govt_Power_Point.pdf
●https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-
communism.html
●https://www.hackettstown.org/cms/lib7/NJ01000669/Cent
ricity/Domain/474/Systems_of_Govt_Power_Point.pdf
●https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-
content/forms-government/ 25