Filsafat

Administrasi
Nurul Fajri & Publik
Muhammad Ichsan Kabullah
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Topik Perkuliahan
1. Urgensi Tradisi Filsafat AP
2. Wildavsky dalam AP
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II. Urgensi Filsafat

 Filsafat?
 Mengapa Administrasi Publik perlu
mempelajari filsafat?
II. AP menurut Wildavsky
 Aaron Wildavsky (1930-1943)
menyelesaikan Ph.D di Univ
Yale.
 Berkarier di Univ Berkeley dan
merupakan pendiri Sekolah
Kebijakan Publik Univ Berkeley
 Presiden American Political
‘Analysis As An
Scientist Association (APSA) Art’,
in: Speaking
 Salah satu karya master piece Truth To Power
adl: speaking truth to power (1979)
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AP menurut Wildavsky
What is/should be PA?

 Inventing problems that can be solved by policies

 There is no (teaching) method
 Making the world a better place
 Piece meal
 Applied science
 Active involvement in politics
 ‘union of opposites’
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AP menurut Wildavsky
What do you think?

Anything that did surprise you,

Any contradiction
Did you miss anything?
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Note # 1: ‘Art’ atau ‘Truth’?

On the one hand PA is an Art
- creatively inventing policy problem (p 3, 14, 15, 16 )
- there is no one truth (p 7)
- depends on how society is organised (p 9)

On the other hand PA is a Science

- speaking truth (p 12)
- generating knowledge (p 9)
- correcting error (p 9)

Relation between creativity and knowledge?

What is criterium for real (scientific) knowledge?
What about post-modernism and constructivism?
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Note # 2: problem solving atau

knowledge building?
On the one hand: PA is problem solving

On the other hand: PA is work of scientist

Can an ‘applied discipline’ by scientific? In what

sence?
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Note # 3. Apakah AP mesti

bersentuhan dengan politik?
On the one hand PA should be disengaged
- Policy evaluation by neutral external actor (p 7);
- No power to experts in democracy (p 12)
- ‘speaking truth to power’ and no ‘hired gun’

On the other hand PA really should try to

make difference
- Not simply descriptive like sociology, but also prescriptive (p 16)
- facilitating application of their ideas (10)
- to supplement knowledge with ‘persuasion’ (p 10)
- analysis is in part rhetoric (p 13)
- Policy analists play politics(p 17)

Should or should not the expert in PA by politically

engaged? Can he be disengaged?
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Note # 4. Apakah AP adl netral

atau memiliki nilai
On the one hand PA has its own values and
should act upon them
- preference for policy based on interaction in stead of cogitation’.(p
12)
- orientation of PA is progress, enhancement. (p 5)
- moral considerations are integral to the enterprise (p 13)
- PA researcher has to his own moral choices to make (p 13)

On the other hand PA research requires

objectivity.
- research should be conducted objectively / following objective criteria
(p 13, 14)

Can PA be prescriptive and neutral

at the same time?
Is there something special in dealing with
human interaction as object of research?
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Note # 5. Apakah AP adalah disiplin

spt ilmu lain yg general atau tidak?
On the one hand PA is not an discipline
- PA is econics, political science; cannot be defined (p1, p3, p15)

On the other hand Pa is particular

combination
of disciplines - we readily recognize it without
being able to say what it is

In what sense, if any, can PA be said to be a

combination of disciplines?
Does the term ‘interdisciplinary discipline’
have any meaning?
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TERIMA KASIH