Design And Control Of Variable

Speed Wind Energy Conversion

System Employing PMBLDC
Generator
• Wind Energy –Clean & pollution Energy System
• Remote Area –Massive amount of energy in the
form of Wind
• Standalone operation of WECS (wind energy
conversion system)
• Limitations of IGs (Induction Generator)
• Advantages of PMBLDC Generator
• MPPT controller
 Key Points
• PMBLDC Generator
• Rectifier WECS
• Push-Pull Converter (wind energy
• MPPT(max. power point tracking) conversion sys)
Circuit Diagram
 Modeling Of Wind Turbine And
Generator
Wind Turbine=Kinetic Energy Of Wind Mechanical Energy
PMBLDC Generator= Mechanical Energy Electrical Energy

A. Wind Turbine Characteristics and Modeling

1
 Betz’s Law 𝑃𝑚 = 𝜌𝐴𝐶𝑝 𝑉𝑤3
2
𝑃𝑚 = mechanical power
𝜌 = air density
𝐴 = rotor swept area
𝐶𝑝 = power coefficient
𝑉𝑤 = wind velocity
 𝑇𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
• 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 =
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑
• Power coefficient is depends on tip speed ratio (𝜆) & blade angle(𝛽)
𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑖𝑝
• 𝑇𝑖𝑝 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 =
𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
• characteristics of wind turbine (b) Power-speed characteristics of
wind turbine
B. Modeling of PMBLDC Generator(dynamic model)
• high power density
• high efficiency
• its brushless construction is easy to maintain and provides operation
reliability
• three stator windings and a permanent magnet as rotor

characteristics equations
of PMBLDC generator

• The equation of motion in the generator is expressed as

J =rotor inertia, ω =rotor speed and

τe =electromagnetic torque
• DESIGN OF POWER CONVERTERS
The WECS is designed using a push-pull DC-DC converter and a single
phase full bridge VSI as a DC- AC converter

A. Design of Push-Pull DC-DC Converter

• it can manage high voltage conversion ratio compared to other
topologies
• The pulse width modulation (PWM) technique -regulate the duty
ratio of converter(to maintain o/p voltage)
• duty ratio of the power switches (DC) is as

Where n= transformer turns ratio

• The input inductor is used to minimize the ripples at
the input of the converter

where,
(∆iLin)=ripple current through the input inductor
• The output capacitor provides a DC link for the
battery and the VSI.

Where,
(∆VCo) =voltage ripple through the capacitor
Fsc = switching frequency
• CONTROL STRATEGY
1. MPPT CONTROL METHOD
2. VSI Control Strategy
• voltage and current controller-compensating the load
variations
• voltage and current controllers –
i. an output AC voltage controller,
ii. a current controller
iii. a PWM controller.
• voltage controller is using a PI (proportional integral)
controller
• Current controller is using a P(proportional) controller
• The PWM controller provides switching signals using
unipolar PWM method
• Conclusion

1. We can design A WECS with sensor less MPPT control

which will have fast response time to perform under
varying wind speeds
2. The PMBLDC generator has been used with a push-pull
DC-DC converter for providing the MPPT control and
constant voltage for charging of the battery.
3. We can obtain maximum power efficiency by varying wind
speeds and under varying consumer loads
4. We can obtain THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of output
voltages within the specified limits of IEEE 519 standard.
• References
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